Turpan (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Turpan" in English language version.

Last modified: 18:59:56, 16 August 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

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3534books.google.com

3^rd place

97web.archive.org

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54archive.org

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33madainproject.com

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31yale.edu

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31usda.gov

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22mherrera.org

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22cma.gov.cn

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21arcgis.com

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11oxfordreference.com

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11doi.org

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11washington.edu

1,171^st place

736^th place

11nih.gov

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11soas.ac.uk

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11iranicaonline.org

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11cass.cn

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11jstor.org

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11vehi.net

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11si.edu

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11ogimet.com

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11reuters.com

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11noaa.gov

111^th place

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11roostweather.com

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11xjtj.gov.cn

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arcgis.com (Global: 1,297^th place; English: 856^th place)

experience.arcgis.com

"Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Svat Soucek (2000). A History of Inner Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 17. ISBN 9780521657044.
Grousset, Rene (1970). The Empire of the Steppes. Rutgers University Press. pp. 35, 37, 42. ISBN 0-8135-1304-9.
Rene Grousset (1991). The Empire of the Steppes:A History of Central Asia. Rutgers University Press. pp. 98–99. ISBN 0813513049.
Lach, Donald F. (Donald Frederick) (1965). Asia in the making of Europe. Chicago : University of Chicago Press. p. 238. ISBN 978-0-226-46733-7. Nieuhof's report of a Mughul embassy to Peking was taken at face value by C. B. K. Roa Sahib, "Shah Jehan's Embassy to China, 1656 a.d.," Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society, Silver Jubilee Number XXV (1934–35), 117–21. By examination of the Chinese sources, Luciano Petech concluded that Nieuhof was mistaken in this identification. He argues, quite convincingly, that these were probably emissaries from Turfan in central Asia. See Petech, "La pretesa ambascita di Shah Jahan alia Cina," Rivista degli studi orientali, XXVI (1951), 124–27.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Denis Sinor (1997). Inner Asia. RoutledgeCurzon. p. 121. ISBN 978-0-7007-0896-3.
絲綢之路: 通向中亞的历史古道 (in Chinese). 中国三峡出版社. 1993. p. 44. Retrieved 8 January 2025.
吐鲁番出土官府帐簿文书研究 (in Chinese). Social Sciences Academic Press. 2020. p. 5. ISBN 978-7-5201-6280-7. Retrieved 8 January 2025.
吐鲁番学新论 (in Chinese). Xinjiang People's Press. 2006. p. 441. ISBN 978-7-228-10195-5. Retrieved 8 January 2025.
Elizabeth Wayland Barber (2000). Mummies of Ürümchi. W. W. Norton, Incorporated. pp. 166–. ISBN 978-0-393-32019-0.
Baij Nath Puri (December 1987). Buddhism in Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 70. ISBN 978-8120803725.
Valerie Hansen (2015). The Silk Road: A New History. Oxford University Press. pp. 83–. ISBN 978-0-19-021842-3.
Ahmad Hasan Dani, ed. (1999). History of civilizations of Central Asia, Volume 3. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 304. ISBN 81-208-1540-8. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Society for the Study of Chinese Religions (U.S.), Indiana University, Bloomington. East Asian Studies Center (2002). Journal of Chinese religions, Issues 30–31. the University of California: Society for the Study of Chinese Religions. p. 24. Retrieved 17 May 2011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Susan Whitfield; British Library (2004). The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith. Serindia Publications, Inc. pp. 309–. ISBN 978-1-932476-13-2.
Ahmad Hasan Dani, ed. (1999). History of civilizations of Central Asia, Volume 3. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 305. ISBN 81-208-1540-8. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Tatsurō Yamamoto, ed. (1984). Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Congress of Human Sciences in Asia and North Africa, Tokyo-Kyoto, 31st August-7th September 1983, Volume 2. Indiana University: Tōhō Gakkai. p. 997. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Albert E. Dien; Jeffrey K. Riegel; Nancy Thompson Price (1985). Albert E. Dien; Jeffrey K. Riegel; Nancy Thompson Price (eds.). Chinese archaeological abstracts: post Han. Vol. 4 of Chinese Archaeological Abstracts. the University of Michigan: Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. p. 1567. ISBN 0-917956-54-0. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Louis-Frédéric (1977). Encyclopaedia of Asian civilizations, Volume 3. the University of Michigan: L. Frédéric. p. 16. ISBN 978-2-902228-00-3. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
ROY ANDREW MILLER, ed. (1959). Accounts of Western Nations in the History of the Northern Chou Dynasty. Berkeley and Los Angeles: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS. p. 5. Retrieved 17 May 2011.East Asia Studies Institute of International Studies University of California CHINESE DYNASTIC HISTORIES TRANSLATIONS No. 6
Ahmad Hasan Dani, ed. (1999). History of civilizations of Central Asia, Volume 3. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 306. ISBN 81-208-1540-8. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Tōyō Bunko (Japan). Kenkyūbu (1974). Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (the Oriental Library), Volumes 32–34. the University of Michigan: The Toyo Bunko. p. 107. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Chang Kuan-ta (1996). Boris Anatol'evich Litvinskiĭ; Zhang, Guang-da; R. Shabani Samghabadi (eds.). The crossroads of civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750. UNESCO. p. 306. ISBN 92-3-103211-9. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
Jian Li; Valerie Hansen; Dayton Art Institute; Memphis Brooks Museum of Art (January 2003). The glory of the silk road: art from ancient China. The Dayton Art Institute. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-937809-24-2.
Valerie Hansen (11 October 2012). The Silk Road. OUP USA. pp. 11–. ISBN 978-0-19-515931-8.
Zsuzsanna Gulácsi (2005). Mediaeval Manichaean Book Art: A Codicological Study of Iranian And Turkic Illuminated Book Fragments from 8th–11th Century East Central Asia. BRILL. pp. 19–. ISBN 90-04-13994-X.
Li Tang; Dietmar W. Winkler (2013). From the Oxus River to the Chinese Shores: Studies on East Syriac Christianity in China and Central Asia. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 365–. ISBN 978-3-643-90329-7.
Ludwig Paul (January 2003). Persian Origins--: Early Judaeo-Persian and the Emergence of New Persian : Collected Papers of the Symposium, Göttingen 1999. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-3-447-04731-9.
Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb; Bernard Lewis; Johannes Hendrik Kramers; Charles Pellat; Joseph Schacht (1998). The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. p. 677.
Morris Rossabi (28 November 2014). From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi. BRILL. pp. 45–. ISBN 978-90-04-28529-3.
Trudy Ring; Robert M. Salkin; Sharon La Boda (1996). International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. Taylor & Francis. p. 323. ISBN 1-884964-04-4.
Goodrich & Fang 1976 Goodrich, L. Carrington; Fang, Chaoying, eds. (1976), "Ḥājjī 'Ali", Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368–1644. Volume I (A-L), Columbia University Press, pp. 479–481, ISBN 0-231-03801-1
Luther Carrington Goodrich; Chao-ying Fang (1976). Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368–1644. Columbia University Press. p. 1038. ISBN 0-231-03833-X.
Jonathan D. Spence; John E. Wills Jr.; Jerry B. Dennerline (1979). From Ming to Ch'ing: Conquest, Region, and Continuity in Seventeenth-Century China. Yale University Press. p. 177. ISBN 0-300-02672-2.
The Geographical Journal. Royal Geographical Society. 1907. pp. 266–.
Abdurishid Yakup (2005). The Turfan Dialect of Uyghur. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 174. ISBN 978-3-447-05233-7.
Joanne N. Smith Finley (9 September 2013). The Art of Symbolic Resistance: Uyghur Identities and Uyghur-Han Relations in Contemporary Xinjiang. BRILL. p. 309. ISBN 978-90-04-25678-1.
Justin Jon Rudelson; Justin Ben-Adam Rudelson (1997). Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism Along China's Silk Road. Columbia University Press. pp. 141–. ISBN 978-0-231-10786-0.
Justin Jon Rudelson; Justin Ben-Adam Rudelson (1997). Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism Along China's Silk Road. Columbia University Press. pp. 141–. ISBN 978-0-231-10787-7.

cass.cn (Global: low place; English: low place)

bianjiang.cass.cn

关于明代前期土鲁番统治者世系的几个问题. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

cma.cn (Global: 3,723^rd place; English: 2,906^th place)

data.cma.cn

中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.

cma.gov.cn (Global: 9,623^rd place; English: low place)

cdc.cma.gov.cn

"中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）" (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 3 April 2010.

old-cdc.cma.gov.cn

中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 25 May 2010.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Buswell, Robert E.; Lopez, Donald S. (2013). Buswell, Robert E.; Lopez, David S. (eds.). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780190681159.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-691-15786-3.

farwestchina.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Summers, Josh (22 August 2014). "The Day I Ran Across a Mass Uyghur Wedding in Turpan". Far West China.

iranicaonline.org (Global: 320^th place; English: 308^th place)

Turfan expeditions iranicaonline.org

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Rossabi, M. 1972. "Ming China and Turfan, 1406–1517". Central Asiatic Journal 16 (3). Harrassowitz Verlag: 212.

madainproject.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Tuyuq Khojam Mazar – Madain Project (en)". madainproject.com. Archived from the original on 10 March 2026. Retrieved 16 April 2026.
"Cave of the Seven Sleepers – Madain Project (en)". madainproject.com. Archived from the original on 9 April 2026. Retrieved 16 April 2026.
"Cave of Ashabe Kahf". Madain Project. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2022.

mherrera.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 28 August 2010.
"Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 28 August 2010.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wang, Y (1995). "A study on the migration policy in ancient China". Chin J Popul Sci. 7 (1): 27–38. PMID 12288967.

noaa.gov (Global: 111^th place; English: 78^th place)

ncei.noaa.gov

"Turpan Climate Normals 1991–2020". NOAA.

ogimet.com (Global: low place; English: 9,363^rd place)

"Resumen synop".

oxfordreference.com (Global: 809^th place; English: 542^nd place)

Buswell, Robert E.; Lopez, Donald S. (2013). Buswell, Robert E.; Lopez, David S. (eds.). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780190681159.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-691-15786-3.

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

"China logs 52.2 Celsius as extreme weather rewrites records". Reuters. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2024.

roostweather.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Turpan (WMO ID 51573) Climate: 1991–2020". Starlings Roost Weather. Retrieved 29 June 2026.

si.edu (Global: 256^th place; English: 197^th place)

volcano.si.edu

"Turfan". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved 21 August 2011.

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148^th place; English: 2,409^th place)

"The Christian Library from Turfan". SOAS, University of London. Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2014.

tjcn.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"伊犁州2019年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Chinese). 12 March 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.

usda.gov (Global: 512^th place; English: 322^nd place)

apps.fas.usda.gov

"China, People's Republic of Dried Fruit Annual 2007" (PDF). Global Agriculture Information Network. USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.

vehi.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Grigory Grum-Grshimailo (Г. Грум-Гржимайло), East Turkestan (Восточный Туркестан), in Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. (in Russian) (The original quote: «Турфан же славится и своим изюмом, который можно считать лучшим в мире (высушивается в совершенно своеобразного типа сушильнях))», i.e. "Turfan is also famous for its raisins, which may be deemed the best in the world. They are dried in drying houses of a completely peculiar type".

washington.edu (Global: 1,171^st place; English: 736^th place)

depts.washington.edu

"Section 26 – The Kingdom of Nearer [i.e. Southern] Jushi 車師前 (Turfan)".

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

HANSEN, Valerie. "The Impact of the Silk Road Trade on a Local Community: The Turfan Oasis, 500–800" (PDF). Yale University Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2009. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
"The Christian Library from Turfan". SOAS, University of London. Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
新疆维吾尔自治区统计局 [Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region]. 14 July 2017. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
"Tuyuq Khojam Mazar – Madain Project (en)". madainproject.com. Archived from the original on 10 March 2026. Retrieved 16 April 2026.
"Cave of the Seven Sleepers – Madain Project (en)". madainproject.com. Archived from the original on 9 April 2026. Retrieved 16 April 2026.
"Cave of Ashabe Kahf". Madain Project. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2022.

xjtj.gov.cn (Global: low place; English: low place)

新疆维吾尔自治区统计局 [Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region]. 14 July 2017. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.

yale.edu (Global: 559^th place; English: 389^th place)

HANSEN, Valerie. "The Impact of the Silk Road Trade on a Local Community: The Turfan Oasis, 500–800" (PDF). Yale University Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2009. Retrieved 14 July 2010.

Turpan (English Wikipedia)

arcgis.com (Global: 1,297th place; English: 856th place)

experience.arcgis.com

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cass.cn (Global: low place; English: low place)

bianjiang.cass.cn

cma.cn (Global: 3,723rd place; English: 2,906th place)

data.cma.cn

cma.gov.cn (Global: 9,623rd place; English: low place)

cdc.cma.gov.cn

old-cdc.cma.gov.cn

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

farwestchina.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

iranicaonline.org (Global: 320th place; English: 308th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

madainproject.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

mherrera.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

noaa.gov (Global: 111th place; English: 78th place)

ncei.noaa.gov

ogimet.com (Global: low place; English: 9,363rd place)

oxfordreference.com (Global: 809th place; English: 542nd place)

reuters.com (Global: 38th place; English: 30th place)

roostweather.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

si.edu (Global: 256th place; English: 197th place)

volcano.si.edu

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148th place; English: 2,409th place)

tjcn.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

usda.gov (Global: 512th place; English: 322nd place)

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washington.edu (Global: 1,171st place; English: 736th place)

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web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

xjtj.gov.cn (Global: low place; English: low place)

yale.edu (Global: 559th place; English: 389th place)

arcgis.com (Global: 1,297^th place; English: 856^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cma.cn (Global: 3,723^rd place; English: 2,906^th place)

cma.gov.cn (Global: 9,623^rd place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

iranicaonline.org (Global: 320^th place; English: 308^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

noaa.gov (Global: 111^th place; English: 78^th place)

ogimet.com (Global: low place; English: 9,363^rd place)

oxfordreference.com (Global: 809^th place; English: 542^nd place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

si.edu (Global: 256^th place; English: 197^th place)

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148^th place; English: 2,409^th place)

usda.gov (Global: 512^th place; English: 322^nd place)

washington.edu (Global: 1,171^st place; English: 736^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

yale.edu (Global: 559^th place; English: 389^th place)