Wine (English Wikipedia)

McGovern, Patrick; Jalabadze, Mindia; et al. (28 November 2017). "Early Neolithic wine of Georgia in the South Caucasus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (48): E10309–E10318. Bibcode:2017PNAS..11410309M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1714728114. PMC 5715782. PMID 29133421.
Fraga, Helder; Malheiro, Aureliano C.; Moutinho-Pereira, José; Cardoso, Rita M.; Soares, Pedro M. M.; Cancela, Javier J.; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Santos, João A.; et al. (24 September 2014). "Integrated Analysis of Climate, Soil, Topography and Vegetative Growth in Iberian Viticultural Regions". PLOS ONE. 9 (9) e108078. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j8078F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108078. PMC 4176712. PMID 25251495.
Tomé-Carneiro, J; Gonzálvez, M; Larrosa, M; Yáñez-Gascón, MJ; García-Almagro, FJ; Ruiz-Ros, JA; Tomás-Barberán, FA; García-Conesa, MT; Espín, JC (July 2013). "Resveratrol in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a dietary and clinical perspective". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1290 (1): 37–51. Bibcode:2013NYASA1290...37T. doi:10.1111/nyas.12150. PMID 23855464. S2CID 206223647.

appellationmarlboroughwine.co.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Appellation Marlborough Wine: About". Appellation Marlborough Wine. Retrieved 6 May 2025.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

Harrison, Frances (11 April 2008). "Alcohol fatwa sparks controversy". BBC News. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2010.

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

"'World's oldest wine' found in 8,000-year-old jars in Georgia". BBC News. 13 November 2017. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2018.

bkwine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Karlsson, Per (17 April 2021). "The European wine classification system, AOP, DOC, PGI, PDO etc | BKWine Magazine |". BKWine Magazine. Retrieved 16 April 2025.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Jancis Robinson; Julia Harding; Jose Vouillamoz (2013). Wine Grapes. Harper Collins. ISBN 9780062325518.
Parker, Robert M. (2008). Parker's Wine Buyer's Guide, 7th Edition. Simon and Schuster. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-4391-3997-4.

casalonga.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Regulation of wine labeling in the EU". Casalonga. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

cornell.edu (Global: 308^th place; English: 253^rd place)

law.cornell.edu

"27 CFR § 4.27 - Vintage wine". Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 6 May 2025.

decanter.com (Global: low place; English: 6,516^th place)

Gibb, Rebecca (3 August 2009). "New EU wine regulations in force". Decanter. Retrieved 16 April 2025.
Riley-Smith, Sebastian (23 June 2021). "What is the best humidity for storing wine? Ask Decanter". Decanter. Retrieved 16 April 2025.
Dumais, Eliza (6 June 2024). "Wine in the US: A fraught evolution". Decanter. Retrieved 16 August 2025.
Eads, Lauren (15 March 2022). "The power of music: How Brahms might make your wine taste better". Decanter. Retrieved 16 August 2025.

dn.se (Global: 548^th place; English: 1,466^th place)

"Höga halter av miljögiftet PFAS i vin – "explosionsartad ökning"". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). 23 April 2025. Archived from the original on 23 April 2025. Retrieved 29 May 2025. Vår undersökning visar på höga halter TFA i alla viner utom de allra äldsta. Före 1988 ser vi ingenting. Men efter 2020 hittar vi halter från 21 000 nanogram per liter ända upp till 320 000 nanogram. Det är skrämmande, säger Elin Engdahl. [Our research shows high levels of TFA in all but the oldest wines. Before 1988, we see nothing. But after 2020, we find levels ranging from 21,000 nanograms per liter up to 320,000 nanograms. This is scary, says Elin Engdahl.]

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

McGovern, Patrick; Jalabadze, Mindia; et al. (28 November 2017). "Early Neolithic wine of Georgia in the South Caucasus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (48): E10309–E10318. Bibcode:2017PNAS..11410309M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1714728114. PMC 5715782. PMID 29133421.
Culbert, Julie; Cozzolino, Daniel; Ristic, Renata; Wilkinson, Kerry (8 May 2015). "Classification of Sparkling Wine Style and Quality by MIR Spectroscopy". Molecules. 20 (5): 8341–8356. doi:10.3390/molecules20058341. PMC 6272211. PMID 26007169.
Fraga, Helder; Malheiro, Aureliano C.; Moutinho-Pereira, José; Cardoso, Rita M.; Soares, Pedro M. M.; Cancela, Javier J.; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Santos, João A.; et al. (24 September 2014). "Integrated Analysis of Climate, Soil, Topography and Vegetative Growth in Iberian Viticultural Regions". PLOS ONE. 9 (9) e108078. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j8078F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108078. PMC 4176712. PMID 25251495.
Lindberg, Matthew L.; Ezra A. Amsterdam (2008). "Alcohol, wine, and cardiovascular health". Clinical Cardiology. 31 (8): 347–51. doi:10.1002/clc.20263. PMC 6653665. PMID 18727003.
Barbería-Latasa, María; Gea, Alfredo; Martínez-González, Miguel A. (7 May 2022). "Alcohol, Drinking Pattern, and Chronic Disease". Nutrients. 14 (9): 1954. doi:10.3390/nu14091954. PMC 9100270. PMID 35565924.
Tomé-Carneiro, J; Gonzálvez, M; Larrosa, M; Yáñez-Gascón, MJ; García-Almagro, FJ; Ruiz-Ros, JA; Tomás-Barberán, FA; García-Conesa, MT; Espín, JC (July 2013). "Resveratrol in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a dietary and clinical perspective". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1290 (1): 37–51. Bibcode:2013NYASA1290...37T. doi:10.1111/nyas.12150. PMID 23855464. S2CID 206223647.
Frémont, Lucie (January 2000). "Biological effects of resveratrol". Life Sciences. 66 (8): 663–673. doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00410-5. PMID 10680575.
O'Keefe, JH; Bhatti, SK; Bajwa, A; DiNicolantonio, JJ; Lavie, CJ (March 2014). "Alcohol and cardiovascular health: the dose makes the poison...or the remedy". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 89 (3): 382–93. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.11.005. PMID 24582196.
McShane, Angela (2016). "Drink, song and politics in early modern England". Popular Music. 35 (2): 168–170. doi:10.1017/S0261143016000027. JSTOR 24737078.

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

"Château Lafake". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 4 October 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2023.

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

eur-lex.europa.eu

"Labelling of wine and certain other wine sector products". EUR-Lex. European Union. 20 August 2007. Retrieved 6 May 2025.

agriculture.ec.europa.eu

"Geographical indications and quality schemes explained - European Commission". Agriculture and rural development. European Commission. 24 October 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2025.

forbes.com (Global: 71^st place; English: 54^th place)

King, Rachel (3 January 2025). "5 Underrated Wine Regions You Should Explore Now". Forbes. Retrieved 16 April 2025.

grandviewresearch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Wine Market Size, Share And Trends". Grand View Research. Retrieved 11 July 2025.

jancisrobinson.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Robinson, Jancis (13 July 2017). "The world's most southerly vineyard?". jancisrobinson.com. Retrieved 16 April 2025.

jewfaq.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rich, Tracey R. "Pesach: Passover". Judaism 101. Archived from the original on 2 December 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2006.

joannasimon.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Simon, Joanna (26 July 2018). "Discovering a little-known gem: Okanagan Valley, the world's northernmost wine region". Joanna Simon. Retrieved 16 April 2025.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

McShane, Angela (2016). "Drink, song and politics in early modern England". Popular Music. 35 (2): 168–170. doi:10.1017/S0261143016000027. JSTOR 24737078.

mpi.govt.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Guide to meet grape wine labelling requirements". Ministry for Primary Industries. June 2013. Archived from the original on 1 May 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
"Labelling requirements for wine and other alcoholic drinks". Ministry for Primary Industries. 21 October 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2025.

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 489^th place; English: 425^th place)

news.nationalgeographic.com

"Earliest Known Winery Found in Armenian Cave". 12 January 2011. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2011.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

McGovern, Patrick; Jalabadze, Mindia; et al. (28 November 2017). "Early Neolithic wine of Georgia in the South Caucasus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (48): E10309–E10318. Bibcode:2017PNAS..11410309M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1714728114. PMC 5715782. PMID 29133421.
Culbert, Julie; Cozzolino, Daniel; Ristic, Renata; Wilkinson, Kerry (8 May 2015). "Classification of Sparkling Wine Style and Quality by MIR Spectroscopy". Molecules. 20 (5): 8341–8356. doi:10.3390/molecules20058341. PMC 6272211. PMID 26007169.
Fraga, Helder; Malheiro, Aureliano C.; Moutinho-Pereira, José; Cardoso, Rita M.; Soares, Pedro M. M.; Cancela, Javier J.; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Santos, João A.; et al. (24 September 2014). "Integrated Analysis of Climate, Soil, Topography and Vegetative Growth in Iberian Viticultural Regions". PLOS ONE. 9 (9) e108078. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j8078F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108078. PMC 4176712. PMID 25251495.
Lindberg, Matthew L.; Ezra A. Amsterdam (2008). "Alcohol, wine, and cardiovascular health". Clinical Cardiology. 31 (8): 347–51. doi:10.1002/clc.20263. PMC 6653665. PMID 18727003.
Barbería-Latasa, María; Gea, Alfredo; Martínez-González, Miguel A. (7 May 2022). "Alcohol, Drinking Pattern, and Chronic Disease". Nutrients. 14 (9): 1954. doi:10.3390/nu14091954. PMC 9100270. PMID 35565924.
Tomé-Carneiro, J; Gonzálvez, M; Larrosa, M; Yáñez-Gascón, MJ; García-Almagro, FJ; Ruiz-Ros, JA; Tomás-Barberán, FA; García-Conesa, MT; Espín, JC (July 2013). "Resveratrol in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a dietary and clinical perspective". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1290 (1): 37–51. Bibcode:2013NYASA1290...37T. doi:10.1111/nyas.12150. PMID 23855464. S2CID 206223647.
Frémont, Lucie (January 2000). "Biological effects of resveratrol". Life Sciences. 66 (8): 663–673. doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00410-5. PMID 10680575.
O'Keefe, JH; Bhatti, SK; Bajwa, A; DiNicolantonio, JJ; Lavie, CJ (March 2014). "Alcohol and cardiovascular health: the dose makes the poison...or the remedy". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 89 (3): 382–93. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.11.005. PMID 24582196.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

McGovern, Patrick; Jalabadze, Mindia; et al. (28 November 2017). "Early Neolithic wine of Georgia in the South Caucasus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (48): E10309–E10318. Bibcode:2017PNAS..11410309M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1714728114. PMC 5715782. PMID 29133421.
Culbert, Julie; Cozzolino, Daniel; Ristic, Renata; Wilkinson, Kerry (8 May 2015). "Classification of Sparkling Wine Style and Quality by MIR Spectroscopy". Molecules. 20 (5): 8341–8356. doi:10.3390/molecules20058341. PMC 6272211. PMID 26007169.
Fraga, Helder; Malheiro, Aureliano C.; Moutinho-Pereira, José; Cardoso, Rita M.; Soares, Pedro M. M.; Cancela, Javier J.; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Santos, João A.; et al. (24 September 2014). "Integrated Analysis of Climate, Soil, Topography and Vegetative Growth in Iberian Viticultural Regions". PLOS ONE. 9 (9) e108078. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j8078F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108078. PMC 4176712. PMID 25251495.
Lindberg, Matthew L.; Ezra A. Amsterdam (2008). "Alcohol, wine, and cardiovascular health". Clinical Cardiology. 31 (8): 347–51. doi:10.1002/clc.20263. PMC 6653665. PMID 18727003.
Barbería-Latasa, María; Gea, Alfredo; Martínez-González, Miguel A. (7 May 2022). "Alcohol, Drinking Pattern, and Chronic Disease". Nutrients. 14 (9): 1954. doi:10.3390/nu14091954. PMC 9100270. PMID 35565924.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Asimov, Eric (7 April 2009). "On Tap? How About Chardonnay or Pinot Noir". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009.
Asimov, Eric (1 February 2018). "Don't Judge a Wine by the Grape on Its Label". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
Asimov, Eric (9 April 2008). "Wine Bars Grow Up and Squeeze In". New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 February 2025.

oiv.int (Global: low place; English: low place)

OIV 2024, p. 11. "State of the World Vine and Wine Sector in 2023" (PDF). OIV. International Organisation of Vine and Wine. April 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2025.

openlibrary.org (Global: 185^th place; English: 154^th place)

Robinson 2006, p. 10. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 768. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 291. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Johnson 1992, p. 43. Johnson, Hugh (1992). Vintage: The Story of Wine. Simon and Schuster. pp. 86–87. OL 7665276M.
Johnson 1992, pp. 86–87. Johnson, Hugh (1992). Vintage: The Story of Wine. Simon and Schuster. pp. 86–87. OL 7665276M.
Phillips 2000, pp. 62–63. Phillips, Rod (2000). A Short History of Wine. New York: Ecco. pp. 62–63. OL 3943121M.
Robinson 2006, p. 476. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Phillips 2000, pp. 293–295, 299, 302–303, 305–306. Phillips, Rod (2000). A Short History of Wine. New York: Ecco. pp. 62–63. OL 3943121M.
Phillips 2000, pp. 299–300. Phillips, Rod (2000). A Short History of Wine. New York: Ecco. pp. 62–63. OL 3943121M.
Phillips 2000, p. 307–310. Phillips, Rod (2000). A Short History of Wine. New York: Ecco. pp. 62–63. OL 3943121M.
Phillips 2000, p. 322. Phillips, Rod (2000). A Short History of Wine. New York: Ecco. pp. 62–63. OL 3943121M.
Phillips 2000, pp. 330–331. Phillips, Rod (2000). A Short History of Wine. New York: Ecco. pp. 62–63. OL 3943121M.
Robinson 2006, pp. 567, 671. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 671. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 656. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
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Robinson 2006, p. 322. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 564. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, pp. 688–689. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 414. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 593. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, pp. 765–766. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 632. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson, Jancis (2003). Jancis Robinson's Wine Course: A Guide to the World of Wine (3rd ed.). Abbeville Press. pp. 96–97. ISBN 978-0-7892-0883-5. OL 8153962M.
Robinson 2006, p. 563. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 101. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 27. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 178. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 437. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 755. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Robinson 2006, p. 4. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Godfrey 2003, pp. 72–73. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Robinson 2006, p. 691. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Godfrey 2003, p. 77. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Godfrey 2003, pp. 1–3. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Godfrey 2003, pp. 1, 5. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Godfrey 2003, pp. 2–3. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Godfrey 2003, pp. 3, 5–9. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Godfrey 2003, pp. 5, 73. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Godfrey 2003, p. 9. Godfrey, Spence (2003). Wine Tasting. Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 1–3. OL 18141471M.
Robinson 2006, p. 195. Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860990-2. OL 7401546M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 101–103. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 104, 130. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 113–114. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 132–133. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 177–178. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 179–180. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 183–184. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 149–150. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 196–197, 200–203. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 203–205. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, p. 210. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 216–217. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 23–25. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, p. 58. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, p. 66. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 19–20. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, p. 21. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
Varriano 2011, pp. 74–75. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.
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Varriano 2011, p. 223. Varriano, John (2011). Wine: A Cultural History. London: Reaktion Books. p. 19. OL 36780756M.

sciencefocus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"How much pressure is there in a champagne bottle?". BBC Science Focus Magazine. 22 July 2009. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Tomé-Carneiro, J; Gonzálvez, M; Larrosa, M; Yáñez-Gascón, MJ; García-Almagro, FJ; Ruiz-Ros, JA; Tomás-Barberán, FA; García-Conesa, MT; Espín, JC (July 2013). "Resveratrol in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a dietary and clinical perspective". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1290 (1): 37–51. Bibcode:2013NYASA1290...37T. doi:10.1111/nyas.12150. PMID 23855464. S2CID 206223647.

sommtv.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

mag.sommtv.com

"A(OC) to Z: A Guide to Wine Classification Systems". Somm TV Magazine. 27 September 2023. Retrieved 6 July 2025.

statista.com (Global: 1,214^th place; English: 1,277^th place)

"Leading countries in wine export worldwide in 2023, based on volume". Statista. Retrieved 4 February 2025.

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 40^th place; English: 27^th place)

McCormack, Ben (3 May 2024). "'A local feel, without being a pub': Why wine bars are the toast of the high street". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 May 2025.
Ryder, Bethan (22 June 2017). "The wine bar is back – without the snobbery or the shoulder pads". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 25 June 2024.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Morrissy-Swan, Tomé (20 April 2024). "'We're trying to make it more inclusive': the rise of Britain's new wine bars". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 August 2025.

ttb.gov (Global: low place; English: 6,358^th place)

"Chile". Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. US Department of the Treasury. 1 April 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
"Grape Variety Designations on American Wine Labels". Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. US Department of the Treasury. 11 March 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

ukva.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

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"ENGLISH REGIONAL WINE - PROTECTED GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION (PGI)" (PDF). Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. September 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2025.
"ENGLISH WINE - PROTECTED DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN (PDO" (PDF). Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. September 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2025.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"'World's oldest wine' found in 8,000-year-old jars in Georgia". BBC News. 13 November 2017. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
"Earliest Known Winery Found in Armenian Cave". 12 January 2011. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
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"The blending rules". Wine Australia. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
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Weed 2019. Weed, Augustus (22 May 2019). "Canned Wine Comes of Age". Wine Spectator. Archived from the original on 23 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
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Asimov, Eric (1 February 2018). "Don't Judge a Wine by the Grape on Its Label". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
"Château Lafake". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 4 October 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2023.

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Eyres, Harry (29 October 2024). "The commonalities of wine and music". World Of Fine Wine. Retrieved 16 August 2025.

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"Swiss wine won't follow EU rules". WRS. 15 November 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2025.

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Workman, Daniel (2 July 2024). "Wine Exports by Country". World's Top Exports. Retrieved 3 February 2025.

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"South African Wine Styles". Wines of South Africa. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

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WSET Global 2024. "The ultimate guide to wine bottle shapes and sizes". WSET Global. 8 July 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2025.

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