Zoroaster (English Wikipedia)

From a letter of the Universal House of Justice, Department of the Secretariat, 13 May 1979, to Gayle Woolson published in Hornby (1983), p. 501. Hornby, Helen, ed. (1983), Lights of Guidance: A Baháʼí Reference File, New Delhi: Baháʼí Publishing Trust, ISBN 81-85091-46-3

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"Zoroaster". BBC. Retrieved 5 March 2025.

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Lincoln 1991, pp. 149–150: "At present, the majority opinion among scholars probably inclines toward the end of the second millennium or the beginning of the first, although there are still those who hold for a date in the seventh century." Lincoln, Bruce (1991), Death, War, and Sacrifice: Studies in Ideology & Practice, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-48200-2
Boyce 1996, pp. 3, 189–191. Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Stausberg, Vevaina & Tessmann 2015, p. 61. Stausberg, Michael; Vevaina, Yuhan Sohrab-Dinshaw; Tessmann, Anna (2015), The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1-4443-3135-6
Nigosian 1993, pp. 15–16 Nigosian, Solomon Alexander (1993), The Zoroastrian Faith: Tradition and Modern Research, McGill-Queen's Press, ISBN 978-0-7735-1144-6
West 2010, p. 17 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
West 2010, p. 4 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Boyce 1996, pp. 3–4. Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Boyce 1996, p. 3 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
West 2010, pp. 4–8 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Boyce 2001, pp. 1–3 Boyce, Mary (2001), Zoroastrians: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices, Psychology Press, ISBN 978-0-415-23902-8
Stausberg, Vevaina & Tessmann 2015, pp. 60–61. Stausberg, Michael; Vevaina, Yuhan Sohrab-Dinshaw; Tessmann, Anna (2015), The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1-4443-3135-6
West 2013, pp. 89–109 West, Martin Litchfield (2013), Hellenica: Volume III: Philosophy, Music and Metre, Literary Byways, Varia, OUP Oxford, ISBN 978-0-19-960503-3
Stausberg, Vevaina & Tessmann 2015, p. 441 Stausberg, Michael; Vevaina, Yuhan Sohrab-Dinshaw; Tessmann, Anna (2015), The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1-4443-3135-6
Boyce 1982, p. 260 Boyce, Mary (1982), A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume II: Under the Achaemenians, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-06506-7
Boyce 1996, pp. 285–292 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Tuplin, Christopher (2007). Persian Responses: Political and Cultural Interaction with(in) the Achaemenid Empire. ISD LLC. p. 246. ISBN 9781910589465.
West 2010, p. 8 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Boyce 1982, p. 261 Boyce, Mary (1982), A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume II: Under the Achaemenians, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-06506-7
Boyce 1982, p. 68 Boyce, Mary (1982), A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume II: Under the Achaemenians, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-06506-7
West 2010, p. 6 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, Taylor & Francis, pp. 310–311, 653, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5
Boyce 1982, pp. 1–7 Boyce, Mary (1982), A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume II: Under the Achaemenians, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-06506-7
West 2010, p. 18 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Nigosian 1993, pp. 17–18 Nigosian, Solomon Alexander (1993), The Zoroastrian Faith: Tradition and Modern Research, McGill-Queen's Press, ISBN 978-0-7735-1144-6
Boyce 1996, pp. 190–191 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
cf. Boyce 1996, pp. 2–26. Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Boyce 1996, p. 1. Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Boyce 1996, pp. 182–183 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Boyce 1996, pp. 183 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Boyce 1996, pp. 184 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
West 2010, pp. 19–20 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
West 2010, p. 24 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Boyce 1996, pp. 187 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
West 2010, p. 9 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Boyce 1996, pp. 188 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
West 2010, p. 31 West, Martin Litchfield (2010), The Hymns of Zoroaster: A New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 978-0-85773-156-2
Boyce 1996, pp. 192 Boyce, Mary (1996) [1975], A History of Zoroastrianism: Volume I: The Early Period, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-10474-7
Mungello 1989:144 and Mungello 1989:182 Mungello, David Emil (1989), Curious Land: Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 0-8248-1219-0 Mungello, David Emil (1989), Curious Land: Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 0-8248-1219-0
Mungello 1989:321 Mungello, David Emil (1989), Curious Land: Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 0-8248-1219-0
Ibn Kathir (2018). Stories of the Prophets (Peace be upon them): Qasas Al-Anbiya. Translated by Dar Al Kalam Staff. دار القلم للطباعة و النشر و التوزيع - بيروت. Retrieved 22 July 2024.
Zaehner 1972, p. 21. Zaehner, Robert Charles (1972), Zurvan: A Zoroastrian Dilemma, New York: Biblo and Tannen, ISBN 978-0-8196-0280-0
Brenk, Frederick E. (1977). In Mist Apparelled: Religious Themes in Plutarch's Moralia and Lives, Volumes 48–50. Mnemosyne, bibliotheca classica Batava [Vol. 48: Supplementum]. Leiden, NDL: Brill Archive. p. 129. ISBN 9004052410. Retrieved 19 March 2017.

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Shahbazi 1977, p. 26. Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 40 (1): 25–35, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00040386, S2CID 161582719
Shahbazi 1977, pp. 25–35 Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 40 (1): 25–35, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00040386, S2CID 161582719
Bailey 1953, pp. 40–42. Bailey, Harold Walter (1953), "Indo-Iranian Studies", Transactions of the Philological Society, 52: 21–42, doi:10.1111/j.1467-968X.1953.tb00268.x
Kingsley 1990, pp. 245–265. Kingsley, Peter (1990), "The Greek Origin of the Sixth-Century Dating of Zoroaster", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 53 (2): 245–265, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00026069, S2CID 162273109
Shahbazi 1977, pp. 32–33. Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 40 (1): 25–35, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00040386, S2CID 161582719
Shahbazi 1977, pp. 25–26 Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 40 (1): 25–35, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00040386, S2CID 161582719
Stausberg 2008, p. 572 Stausberg, Michael (2008), "On the State and Prospects of the Study of Zoroastrianism", Numen, 55 (5): 561–600, doi:10.1163/156852708X310536, S2CID 143903349
Mair 1990, p. 34. Mair, Victor H. (1990). "Old Sinitic *Myag, Old Persian Maguš and English Magician". Early China. 15: 27–47. doi:10.1017/S0362502800004995. ISSN 0362-5028. JSTOR 23351579. S2CID 192107986.
Gershevitch 1964, pp. 36–37. Gershevitch, Ilya (1964), "Zoroaster's Own Contribution", Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 23 (1): 12–38, doi:10.1086/371754, S2CID 161954467
Khlopin 1992, pp. 107–110. Khlopin, I.N. (1992), "Zoroastrianism – Location and Time of its Origin", Iranica Antiqua, 27: 96–116, doi:10.2143/IA.27.0.2002124
Nock 1929, p. 111. Nock, A. D. (1929), "(Book Review) Studien zum antiken Synkretismus aus Iran und Griechenland by R. Reitzenstein & H. H. Schaeder", The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 49 (1): 111–116, doi:10.2307/625011, JSTOR 625011
Sieber 1973, p. 234. Sieber, John (July 1973), "An Introduction to the Tractate Zostrianos from Nag Hammadi", Novum Testamentum, 15 (3): 233–240, doi:10.1163/156853673X00079

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Gladisch, August (1859), Herakleitos Und Zoroaster: Eine Historische Untersuchung, p. IV, hdl:2027/hvd.32044085119394

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Malandra 2005, : "Controversy over Zaraθuštra's date has been an embarrassment of long standing to Zoroastrian studies. If anything approaching a consensus exists, it is that he lived ca. 1000 BCE give or take a century or so [...]". Malandra, William W. (2005), "Zoroastrianism: Historical Review", Encyclopaedia Iranica, New York: Encyclopædia Iranica online
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Beck 2003, para. 4. Beck, Roger (2003), "Zoroaster, as perceived by the Greeks", Encyclopaedia Iranica, New York: Encyclopædia Iranica online
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Ashouri 2003. Ashouri, Daryoush (2003), "Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, and Persia", Encyclopaedia Iranica, New York: Encyclopædia Iranica online

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"Tall Statue of Zoroaster in New York" ایرون دات کام: عکس ها: مجسّمهٔ تمام قّدِ زرتشت در نیویورک (in Persian). Iroon.com. Retrieved 19 November 2013.

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"هل بوذا" أو "زرادشت" من الأنبياء؟". إسلام ويب (in Arabic). Islamweb. 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2024.

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Nock 1929, p. 111. Nock, A. D. (1929), "(Book Review) Studien zum antiken Synkretismus aus Iran und Griechenland by R. Reitzenstein & H. H. Schaeder", The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 49 (1): 111–116, doi:10.2307/625011, JSTOR 625011

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Shahbazi 1977, pp. 25–35 Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 40 (1): 25–35, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00040386, S2CID 161582719
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Shahbazi 1977, pp. 25–26 Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 40 (1): 25–35, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00040386, S2CID 161582719
Stausberg 2008, p. 572 Stausberg, Michael (2008), "On the State and Prospects of the Study of Zoroastrianism", Numen, 55 (5): 561–600, doi:10.1163/156852708X310536, S2CID 143903349
Mair 1990, p. 34. Mair, Victor H. (1990). "Old Sinitic *Myag, Old Persian Maguš and English Magician". Early China. 15: 27–47. doi:10.1017/S0362502800004995. ISSN 0362-5028. JSTOR 23351579. S2CID 192107986.
Gershevitch 1964, pp. 36–37. Gershevitch, Ilya (1964), "Zoroaster's Own Contribution", Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 23 (1): 12–38, doi:10.1086/371754, S2CID 161954467

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Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬊𐬙𐬀𐬭, romanized: zaotar, cognate with the Sanskrit term होतृ (hótr), referring to Vedic priests.
Avestan: 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬌𐬱, romanized: ərəšiš, cognate with the Sanskrit term ऋषि (ṛ́ṣi), describing an enlightened poet of Vedic hymns.

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Mair 1990, p. 34. Mair, Victor H. (1990). "Old Sinitic *Myag, Old Persian Maguš and English Magician". Early China. 15: 27–47. doi:10.1017/S0362502800004995. ISSN 0362-5028. JSTOR 23351579. S2CID 192107986.
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Widengren 1961, pp. 44–45. Widengren, Geo (1961), Mani and Manichaeism, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, OCLC 640889566

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state.ny.us (Global: 3,626^th place; English: 2,039^th place)

uchicago.edu (Global: 230^th place; English: 214^th place)

washington.edu (Global: 1,067^th place; English: 749^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wiktionary.org (Global: 649^th place; English: 827^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)