Geoff Wade, Asian Expansions: The Historical Experiences of Polity Expansion in Asia, Routledge, coll. « Routledge Studies in the Early History of Asia », (ISBN978-1135043537, lire en ligne), p. 175
Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, ABC-CLIO, (ISBN978-1576077702, lire en ligne), « Penang (1786) », p. 1048
flinders.edu.au
dspace.flinders.edu.au
« Contributors », Transnational Literature, vol. 2, no 1, , p. 4 (lire en ligne, consulté le )
jstor.org
Bastin et Stubbs Brown, « Historical Sketch of Penang in 1794 », Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 32, no 1 (185), , p. 21 (JSTOR41503147)page-url
Bastin et Stubbs Brown, « Historical Sketch of Penang in 1794 », Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 32, no 1 (185), , p. 21–22 (JSTOR41503147) See page-url.
malaymail.com
Opalyn Mok, Historical cemetery where Francis Light is buried to be given a facelift, (lire en ligne)