(en) Kubilay Yado Arin, « Turkey and the Kurds – From War to Reconciliation? », UC Berkeley Center for Right Wing Studies Working Paper Series, (lire en ligne).
Karnamak Ardashir Papakan and the Matadakan i Hazar Dastan. G. Asatrian, Prolegomena to the Study of the Kurds, Iran and the Caucasus, vol. 13, (DOI10.1163/160984909X12476379007846, lire en ligne), p. 1–58 : « Generally, the etymons and primary meanings of tribal names or ethnonyms, as well as place names, are often irrecoverable; Kurd is also an obscurity » ; « It is clear that kurt in all the contexts has a distinct social sense, “nomad, tent-dweller”. It could equally be an attribute for any Iranian ethnic group having similar characteristics. To look for a particular ethnic sense here would be a futile exercise. » ; p. 24 : « The Pahlavi materials clearly show that kurd in pre-Islamic Iran was a social label, still a long way off from becoming an ethnonym or a term denoting a distinct group of people. ».
(en) Ora Shwartz-Be'eri, The Jews of Kurdistan : daily life, customs, arts and crafts, Jérusalem, UPNE, , 271 p. (ISBN965-278-238-6, lire en ligne), p. 25-34
brillonline.nl
Th. Bois ; V. Minorsky ; Th. Bois ; Th. Bois ; D.N. MacKenzie ; Th. Bois, « Kurds, Kurdistan », Encyclopaedia of Islam, P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel et W.P. Heinrichs (dir.), Brill, 2009. Brill Online : « The Kurds, an Iranian people of the Near East, live at the junction of more or less laicised Turkey » ; « We thus find that about the period of the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation of Iranian or iranicised tribes. ».
Karnamak Ardashir Papakan and the Matadakan i Hazar Dastan. G. Asatrian, Prolegomena to the Study of the Kurds, Iran and the Caucasus, vol. 13, (DOI10.1163/160984909X12476379007846, lire en ligne), p. 1–58 : « Generally, the etymons and primary meanings of tribal names or ethnonyms, as well as place names, are often irrecoverable; Kurd is also an obscurity » ; « It is clear that kurt in all the contexts has a distinct social sense, “nomad, tent-dweller”. It could equally be an attribute for any Iranian ethnic group having similar characteristics. To look for a particular ethnic sense here would be a futile exercise. » ; p. 24 : « The Pahlavi materials clearly show that kurd in pre-Islamic Iran was a social label, still a long way off from becoming an ethnonym or a term denoting a distinct group of people. ».
Lire : Margaret MacMillan, Paris 1919 - Six months that changed the World, Random House, 2002, p. 465 à 483 Télécharger.
iranicaonline.org
Ludwig Paul, « History of the Kurdish language », Encyclopædia Iranica (2008) parle du problème de l'obtention d'une définition cohérente de « langue kurde » à l'intérieur du continuum linguistique iranien du Nord-Ouest. Il n'y a pas d'évolution sans ambigüité du kurde à partir du moyen-iranien, car « from Old and Middle Iranian times, no predecessors of the Kurdish language are yet known; the extant Kurdish texts may be traced back to no earlier than the 16th century CE. » Ludwig ajoute : « Linguistics itself, or dialectology, does not provide any general or straightforward definition of at which point a language becomes a dialect (or vice versa). To attain a fuller understanding of the difficulties and questions that are raised by the issue of the “Kurdish language,” it is therefore necessary to consider also non-linguistic factors. ».
jyllands-posten.dk
(da) « Fakta: Kurdere i Danmark », Jyllandsposten, (lire en ligne, consulté le )
