T. N. Mukhajanova e A. M. Asetilla, Kipchak" Ethnonym and the History of Its Origin, in International Scientific and Practical Conference World Science, vol. 3, 12 (16), 2016, pp. 39-41. URL consultato il 29 novembre 2019.
Jesse H. Ausubel e Cesare Marchetti, Quantitative Dynamics of Human Empires (PDF), in International Journal of Anthropology, p. 11. URL consultato il 29 ottobre 2020.
(EN) Kallie Szczepanski has a Ph D. in history, Has Taught at the College, high school level in both the U.S, Korea., Who Were the Xiongnu?, su ThoughtCo. URL consultato il 18 ottobre 2019.