Buddhist Landscapes in Central India: Sanchi Hill and Archaeologies of Religious and Social Change, C. Third Century BC to Fifth Century AD, Julia Shaw, Left Coast Press, 2013 p. 88ff
Buddhist Architecture Huu Phuoc Le, Grafikol, 2010 p. 149
Ornament in Indian Architecture Margaret Prosser Allen, University of Delaware Press, 1991 p. 18
Buddhist Landscapes in Central India: Sanchi Hill and Archaeologies of Religious and Social Change, C. Third Century BC to Fifth Century AD, Julia Shaw, Left Coast Press, 2013 p. 90
"The railing of Sanchi Stupa No.2, which represents the oldest extensive stupa decoration in existence, (and) dates from about the second century B.C.E." Constituting Communities: Theravada Buddhism and the Religious Cultures of South and Southeast Asia, John Clifford Holt, Jacob N. Kinnard, Jonathan S. Walters, SUNY Press, 2012 p. 197
Didactic Narration: Jataka Iconography in Dunhuang with a Catalogue of Jataka Representations in China, Alexander Peter Bell, LIT Verlag Münster, 2000 p. 15ff
Buddhist Architecture, Huu Phuoc Le, Grafikol, 2010 p. 149
Ancient Indian History and Civilization, Sailendra Nath Sen, New Age International, 1999 p. 170
"The scene shows musicians playing a variety of instruments, some of them quite extraordinary such as the Greek double flute and wind instruments with dragon head from West Asia" in The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia, Himanshu Prabha Ray, Cambridge University Press, 2003 p. 255
Purātattva, Number 8. Indian Archaeological Society. (1975). p. 188. https://books.google.com/books?id=MW9DAAAAYAAJ. "A reference to a Yona in the Sanchi inscriptions is also of immense value.(...) One of the inscriptions announces the gift of a Setapathia Yona, "Setapathiyasa Yonasa danam" i.e the gift of a Yona, inhabitant of Setapatha. The word Yona can't be here anything, but a Greek donor"
The Idea of Ancient India: Essays on Religion, Politics, and Archaeology, en:SAGE Publications India, Upinder Singh, 2016 p. 18
Faces of Power: Alexander's Image and Hellenistic Politics by Andrew Stewart p. 180
Indian Numismatic Studies by K. D. Bajpai p. 100、要検証
Ornament in Indian Architecture, Margaret Prosser Allen, University of Delaware Press, 1991 p. 18、要検証
Rhi, Ju-Hyung (1994). “From Bodhisattva to Buddha: The Beginning of Iconic Representation in Buddhist Art”. Artibus Asiae54 (3/4): 220–221. doi:10.2307/3250056. JSTOR3250056.
Rhi, Ju-Hyung (1994). “From Bodhisattva to Buddha: The Beginning of Iconic Representation in Buddhist Art”. Artibus Asiae54 (3/4): 220–221. doi:10.2307/3250056. JSTOR3250056.
ntu.edu.tw
ccbs.ntu.edu.tw
Asoka and the Buddha-Relics, T.W. Rhys Davids, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1901, pp. 397-410 [3]
scribd.com
ja.scribd.com
An Indian Statuette From Pompeii, Mirella Levi D'Ancona, in Artibus Asiae, Vol. 13, No. 3 (1950) p. 171
"The Mahastupa consists of a hemispherical mound ( anda ) built over a relic chamber ( tabena ). It has a truncated and flattened top on which rests a square chamber ( harmika ), which has a railing and a central pillar ( yasthi ) supporting a stone triple-umbrella formation ( chattravali ). There are two circumambulatory passages. There is an elevated terrace ( medhi ) enclosed by a three-bar railing ( vedika ) and accessed by two flights of stairs ( sopanas ) from the southern gateway. The second circumambulatory passage is on the ground surrounding the mound ( pradakshinapath ). This whole structure has been put within a stone enclosure with a similar three-bar railing with four carved gateways ( toranas ) built in four cardinal directions. The ground balustrade ( vedika ), in turn, consists of stone uprights ( stambha or thaba ), horizontal crossbars ( suchi ) and copings ( ushnisha ), most of which have inscriptions mentioning the names of donors. The three umbrellas on the summit symbolise the “Three Jewels” (tri-ratna) of Buddhism—the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha.", <https://frontline.thehindu.com/arts-and-culture/heritage/buddhism-in-stone/article8932251.ece>、2024年1月15日閲覧
"Asoka and Sanchi Asoka also built the core of Stupa 1, known as Mahastupa or the Great Stupa, at Sanchi. The archaeologist M.K. Dhavalikar says this is indicated by the fact that the level of the stupa’s floor is the same as that of the Asokan pillar near by. Further, fragments of the chunar sandstone umbrella over the structure bear the characteristic mirror-like polish seen on Asokan pillars.", <https://frontline.thehindu.com/arts-and-culture/heritage/buddhism-in-stone/article8932251.ece>、2024年1月15日閲覧
"Asoka and Sanchi Asoka also built the core of Stupa 1, known as Mahastupa or the Great Stupa, at Sanchi. The archaeologist M.K. Dhavalikar says this is indicated by the fact that the level of the stupa’s floor is the same as that of the Asokan pillar near by. Further, fragments of the chunar sandstone umbrella over the structure bear the characteristic mirror-like polish seen on Asokan pillars.", <https://frontline.thehindu.com/arts-and-culture/heritage/buddhism-in-stone/article8932251.ece>、2024年1月15日閲覧
The en:Butkara Stupa is an example of such a hemispherical stupa structure from the Maurya period, that was extensively documented through archaeological work
"Who was responsible for the wanton destruction of the original brick stupa of en:Ashoka and when precisely the great work of reconstruction was carried out is not known, but it seems probable that the author of the former was Pushyamitra, the first of the Shunga kings (184-148 BC), who was notorious for his hostility to Buddhism, and that the restoration was affected by en:Agnimitra or his immediate successor." in John Marshall, A Guide to Sanchi, p. 38. Calcutta: Superintendent, Government Printing (1918).
"Sculptures showing Greeks or the Greek type of human figures are not lacking in ancient India. Apart from the proverbial Gandhara, Sanchi and Mathura have also yielded many sculptures that betray a close observation of the Greeks." in Graeco-Indica, India's cultural contacts, by en:Udai Prakash Arora, published by Ramanand Vidya Bhawan, 1991, p. 12
The Idea of Ancient India: Essays on Religion, Politics, and Archaeology, en:SAGE Publications India, Upinder Singh, 2016 p. 18
英語版の項目「en:Sanchi」の2024年1月20日時点のサブセクション 「Aniconism」に引用された次の英文の訳。""Since it is not permitted to make an image of the Buddha's body, I pray that the Buddha will grant that I can make an image of the attendant Bodhisattva. Is that acceptable?" The Buddha answered: "You may make an image of the Bodhisattava"". この原典はおそらく、十誦律の以下の部分と思われる。「爾時給孤獨居士信心清淨。往到佛所頭面作禮一面坐已。白佛言。世尊。如佛身像不應作。願佛聽我作菩薩侍像者善佛言。聽作。」、大正新脩大藏経 律部 第23巻 十誦律卷第四十八第八誦之一、（T1435、SAT大蔵経DB 2018）
