Jeheskel Shoshani, “Order Proboscidea,” In: Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (eds.), Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.), Volume 1, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, Pages 90–91.
Shoshani, J.; Ferretti, M. P.; Lister, A. M.; Agenbroad, L. D.; Saegusa, H.; Mol, D.; Takahashi, K. (2007). “Relationships within the Elephantinae using hyoid characters”. Quaternary International169–170: 174–185. Bibcode: 2007QuInt.169..174S. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2007.02.003.
Shoshani, J.; Ferretti, M. P.; Lister, A. M.; Agenbroad, L. D.; Saegusa, H.; Mol, D.; Takahashi, K. (2007). “Relationships within the Elephantinae using hyoid characters”. Quaternary International169–170: 174–185. Bibcode: 2007QuInt.169..174S. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2007.02.003.