Sandberg, Anders; Boström, Nick (2008). Whole Brain Emulation: A Roadmap (PDF). Technical Report #2008‐3. Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford University. Retrieved April 5, 2009. The basic idea is to take a particular brain, scan its structure in detail, and construct a software model of it that is so faithful to the original that, when run on appropriate hardware, it will behave in essentially the same way as the original brain.
Leijon, Erik (November 14, 2011). "The transhuman factor". Montreal Mirror. Archived from the original on January 26, 2015. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
Winner, Langdon (Fall 2002). "Are Humans Obsolete?" (PDF). The Hedgehog Review. virginia.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved December 10, 2007.
Inniss, Patrick. "Transhumanism: The Next Step?". Archived from the original on November 6, 2007. Retrieved December 10, 2007.