Gerutis, Albertas (). „Independent Lithuania”. În Ed. Albertas Gerutis. Lithuania: 700 Years. translated by Algirdas Budreckis (ed. 6th). New York: Manyland Books. pp. 151–162. LCC75-80057. ISBN 0-87141-028-1.
Simas Sužiedėlis, ed. (). „Council of Lithuania”. Encyclopedia Lituanica. I. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. pp. 581–585. LCC74-114275.