இந்தியாவின் அலுவல் மொழிகள் (Tamil Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "இந்தியாவின் அலுவல் மொழிகள்" in Tamil language version.

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40web.archive.org

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23nclm.nic.in

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14constitution.org

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14rajbhasha.gov.in

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5languageinindia.com

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2indiatimes.com

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2books.google.com

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2india.gov.in

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2wikipedia.org

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2avenuemail.in

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2kar.nic.in

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1britannica.com

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1columbia.edu

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1unhcr.org

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1constitutionofindia.net

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1rajbhasha.nic.in

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1indianrailways.gov.in

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1time.com

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1tribuneindia.com

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1maharashtratourism.gov.in

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1e-pao.net

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1megassembly.gov.in

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1thenewsminute.com

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1tripura.gov.in

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1blinkvisa.com

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1intoday.in

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1andamandt.nic.in

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accu.or.jp

The official language of the state is English and Hindi is taught as a second language in school.Das, Varsha. "Production of Literacy Materials in Minor Languages" (PDF). National Book Trust of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 ஆகஸ்ட் 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

andamandt.nic.in

"Most of Indian languages are spoken in Andaman and Nicobar Islands because of its cosmopolitan nature. The common language is Hindi whereas English and Hindi are used in official correspondence." Andaman District Administration, Profile, archived from the original on 2011-12-13, retrieved 2007-06-06

avenuemail.in

"Jharkhand gives second language status to Magahi, Angika, Bhojpuri and Maithili". The Avenue Mail. 21 March 2018 இம் மூலத்தில் இருந்து 28 March 2019 அன்று. பரணிடப்பட்டது.. https://web.archive.org/web/20190328090028/https://www.avenuemail.in/ranchi/jharkhand-gives-second-language-status-to-magahi-angika-bhojpuri-and-maithili/118291/.
"Jharkhand notifies Bhumij as second state language". The Avenue Mail. 5 January 2019. https://avenuemail.in/jharkhand-notifies-bhumij-as-second-state-language/.

blinkvisa.com

lawsofindia.blinkvisa.com

Tripura Official Language Act, 1964 lawsofindia.blinkvisa.com, accessed 4 August 2020

books.google.com

Mollin, Sandra (2006). Euro-English: assessing variety status. Gunter Narr Verlag. p. 17. ISBN 9783823362500.
Kurzon, Dennis (2004). "3. The Konkani-Marathi Controversy : 2000-01 version". Where East Looks West: Success in English in Goa and on the Konkan Coast. Multilingual Matters. pp. 42–58. ISBN 978-1-85359-673-5. Retrieved 26 December 2014. Dated, but gives a good overview of the controversy to give Marathi full "official status".

britannica.com

1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica, India—Linguistic Composition. Quote: "By far the most widely spoken is Hindi, the country's official language, with more than 300 million speakers." 2. Oldenburg, Phillip. (1997-2007) Encarta Encyclopedia "India: Official Languages." Quote: "Hindi is the main language of more than 40 percent of the population. No single language other than Hindi can claim speakers among even 10 percent of the total population. Hindi was therefore made India’s official language in 1965. English, which was associated with British rule, was retained as an option for official use because some non-Hindi speakers, particularly in Tamil Nādu, opposed the official use of Hindi." 3. United Kingdom, Foreign and Commonwealth Office: India—Country Profile. Quote: "The official language of India is Hindi written in the Devanagari script and spoken by some 30% of the population as a first language. Since 1965 English has been recognised as an 'associated language'." 4. UNESCO: Education for All—The Nine Largest Countries பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-12-30 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் Quote: "Hindi is the language of 30% of the population and the official language of India." 5. United States Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Profile: India Quote: "Languages: Hindi is the official language and the most commonly spoken, but not all dialects are mutually comprehensible. English also has official status and is widely used in business and politics, although knowledge of English varies widely from fluency to knowledge of just a few words." 6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Country Profile: India Quote: "Hindi is constitutionally designated as the official language of India, with English as an associate official language."

columbia.edu

1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica, India—Linguistic Composition. Quote: "By far the most widely spoken is Hindi, the country's official language, with more than 300 million speakers." 2. Oldenburg, Phillip. (1997-2007) Encarta Encyclopedia "India: Official Languages." Quote: "Hindi is the main language of more than 40 percent of the population. No single language other than Hindi can claim speakers among even 10 percent of the total population. Hindi was therefore made India’s official language in 1965. English, which was associated with British rule, was retained as an option for official use because some non-Hindi speakers, particularly in Tamil Nādu, opposed the official use of Hindi." 3. United Kingdom, Foreign and Commonwealth Office: India—Country Profile. Quote: "The official language of India is Hindi written in the Devanagari script and spoken by some 30% of the population as a first language. Since 1965 English has been recognised as an 'associated language'." 4. UNESCO: Education for All—The Nine Largest Countries பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-12-30 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் Quote: "Hindi is the language of 30% of the population and the official language of India." 5. United States Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Profile: India Quote: "Languages: Hindi is the official language and the most commonly spoken, but not all dialects are mutually comprehensible. English also has official status and is widely used in business and politics, although knowledge of English varies widely from fluency to knowledge of just a few words." 6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Country Profile: India Quote: "Hindi is constitutionally designated as the official language of India, with English as an associate official language."

constitution.org

Part XVII of the Constitution of India.
Article 343 of the Constitution of India.
Article 345 of the Constitution of India.
Article 346 of the Constitution of India.
Article 343(1).
Articles 343(2) and (3).
Article 120(1).
Article 120(2).
Article 120(1) first proviso.
Article 348(1).
Article 348(1)(a).
Article 348(1), leading text.
Constitution of India, Article 350.
Constitution of India, Article 345

constitutionofindia.net

"காப்பகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட நகல்". Archived from the original on 2020-11-25. Retrieved 2019-11-05.

dnaindia.com

Punjabi is officially designated as the "second language" of Haryana in March 2010. Before that, Tamil was the official second language.Punjabi edges out Tamil in Haryana

doi.org

Forrester, Duncan B., "The Madras Anti-Hindi Agitation, 1965: Political Protest and its Effects on Language Policy in India", Pacific Affairs, 39 (1/2): 19–36 Spring — Summer 1966, doi:10.2307/2755179.

e-pao.net

Section 2(f) of the Manipur Official Language Act, 1979 states that the official language of Manipur is the Manipuri language (an older English name for the Meitei language) written in the Bengali script. The Sangai Express, Mayek body threatens to stall proceeding, retrieved 2007-07-16.

google.com

"Kanchan Chandra, "Ethnic Bargains, Group Instability, and Social Choice Theory," Politics and Society 29, 3: 337-62".

hindu.com

The Andhra Pradesh Official Language Act, 1966, declares Telugu to be the official language. This enactment was implemented by GO Ms No 420 in 2005. Rao, M. Malleswara (September 18, 2005), "Telugu declared official language", தி இந்து (Online edition), archived from the original on 2007-08-10, retrieved 2007-07-16
Himachal Pradesh adopted Hindi as the sole official language in 2008.Hindi to be official language of H.P. பரணிடப்பட்டது 2011-09-24 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்

india.gov.in

"National Portal of India". www.india.gov.in.
"Official Language - Constitutional/Statutory Provisions". இந்திய அரசு.

indianexpress.com

"Urdu is Telangana's second official language" (in en-US). இந்தியன் எக்சுபிரசு. 16 November 2017. http://indianexpress.com/article/india/urdu-is-telanganas-second-official-language-4940595/.

indianrailways.gov.in

"THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGES ACT, 1963".

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

Jan 25, Saeed Khan; 2010; Ist, 0:34. "There's no national language in India: Gujarat High Court - India News - Times of India". The Times of India. {{cite web}}: |last2= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Urdu and Punjabi are the second official languages of Delhi under the Delhi Official Language Bill, 2000 Punjabi, Urdu made official languages in Delhi, தி டைம்ஸ் ஆஃப் இந்தியா, 2003-06-25, retrieved 2007-07-17

intoday.in

indiatoday.intoday.in

Bengal will now have as many as six "second official" languages..... English and Bengali are the two official (presumably, first official) languages of the state. To these will be added Urdu, Gurmukhi, Nepali, Ol-Chiki, Oriya and Hindi. Roy, Anirban (27 May 2011). "West Bengal to have six more languages for official use". இந்தியா டுடே. http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/story/west-bengal-mamata-banerjee-recognizes-six-non-bengali-languages/1/139450.html. பார்த்த நாள்: 1 July 2011.

kar.nic.in

dpal.kar.nic.in

"The Karnataka Official Language Act, 1963" (PDF), Official website of Government of Karnataka, Government of Karnataka, retrieved 2007-07-16
"The Karnataka Local Authorities (Official Language) Act, 1981" (PDF), Official website of Government of Karnataka, Government of Karnataka, retrieved 2007-07-16

languageinindia.com

"Language in India". www.languageinindia.com.
உருது is used as a second official language in certain districts for certain specific purposes. Fatihi, A.R., "உருது in Andhra Pradesh", Language in India, 3 (4), ISSN: 1930-2940, retrieved 2007-07-16^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}
Fatihi, A.R. (September 9, 2003), "உருது in Gujarat", Language in India, 3, retrieved 2007-07-16^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}
"Malayalam, How to Arrest its Withering Away?", M. K. Chand Raj, Ph.D. on Language in India, Central Institute of Indian Languages,Mysore, retrieved 2007-07-16
Three languages are used for official purposes - Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam. However, English and French are also reorganized for official purpose as per the official language policy. The official language policy of the union territory states that the Tamil language should be used for all or any of the official purposes of the union territory. In case of Mahe and Yanam, Malayalam and Telugu may be respectively used for official purpose. The English language may also be used for all or any of the official purposes. The French language shall remain the official language of the establishments so long as the elected representatives of the people shall not decide otherwise (ACT 28, Gazetteer, Pondicherry Vol. 1, P. II)Multilingualism and second language acquisition and learning in Pondicherry

lawsofindia.org

The The Chhattisgarh Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2007 added "Chhattisgarhi" as an official language of the state, in addition to Hindi."The Chhattisgarh Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2007". Government of India. Archived from the original on 1 அக்டோபர் 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
Tripura Official Language Act, 1964 www.lawsofindia.org

loc.gov

lcweb2.loc.gov

1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica, India—Linguistic Composition. Quote: "By far the most widely spoken is Hindi, the country's official language, with more than 300 million speakers." 2. Oldenburg, Phillip. (1997-2007) Encarta Encyclopedia "India: Official Languages." Quote: "Hindi is the main language of more than 40 percent of the population. No single language other than Hindi can claim speakers among even 10 percent of the total population. Hindi was therefore made India’s official language in 1965. English, which was associated with British rule, was retained as an option for official use because some non-Hindi speakers, particularly in Tamil Nādu, opposed the official use of Hindi." 3. United Kingdom, Foreign and Commonwealth Office: India—Country Profile. Quote: "The official language of India is Hindi written in the Devanagari script and spoken by some 30% of the population as a first language. Since 1965 English has been recognised as an 'associated language'." 4. UNESCO: Education for All—The Nine Largest Countries பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-12-30 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் Quote: "Hindi is the language of 30% of the population and the official language of India." 5. United States Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Profile: India Quote: "Languages: Hindi is the official language and the most commonly spoken, but not all dialects are mutually comprehensible. English also has official status and is widely used in business and politics, although knowledge of English varies widely from fluency to knowledge of just a few words." 6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Country Profile: India Quote: "Hindi is constitutionally designated as the official language of India, with English as an associate official language."

maharashtra.gov.in

Palkar, A.B (2007), Report of One Man Commission Justice A.B.Palkar: Shri Bhaurao Dagadu Paralkar & Others V/s State of Maharashtra (PDF), vol. I, p. 41, retrieved 2007-07-16

maharashtratourism.gov.in

"Maharashtra Tourism: Trivia", Official website of Maharashtra Tourism, Government of Maharashtra, archived from the original on 2021-05-02, retrieved 2007-07-16

mapsofindia.com

In three districts of Barak Valley in Assam

megassembly.gov.in

The 43rd report of the National Commission of Linguistic Minorities reports that, from a date to be determined, Khasi will have the status of an associate official language in the districts of the East Khasi Hills, West Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills and Ri Bhoi. Garo will have a similar status in the districts of the East Garo Hills, West Garo Hills and South Garo Hills. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, p. para 25.1, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16. On the 21st of March 2006, the Chief Minister of Meghalaya stated in the State Assembly that a notification to this effect had been issued. Meghalaya Legislative Assembly, Budget session: Starred Questions and Answers - Tuesday, the 21st March 2006., archived from the original on 2007-09-27, retrieved 2007-07-16.

mpgovt.nic.in

"Language and Literature", Official website of Government of Madhya Pradesh, Government of Madhya Pradesh, archived from the original on 2007-09-29, retrieved 2007-07-16

nclm.nic.in

"Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 ஜூலை 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
"Commissioner Linguistic Minorities". Archived from the original on 2009-09-19. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 2.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Five languages spoken by the principal tribes in Arunachal Pradesh - Adi, Apatani, Bhoti, Khampti and Nishi are offered to students in state schools, however English is the language of administration and recruitment. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 2.3–2.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Assamese is the official language of the State. Bodo is used as an associate official language for specific purposes in the districts of Kokrajhar and Nalbari and in the Udalguri sub division. Bengali is used for administrative and other official purposes in the districts of the Barak valley.Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 3.5, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06. See also Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 3.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 20.5, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
உருது is recognised as an additional official language for seven specific purposes, namely, receiving and replying to representations from the public; receiving documents in government offices; publishing rules, regulations and notices; issuing important letters and orders; publishing important advertisements; publishing government gazettes; and signboards at important places and offices.Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 20.5, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 39th report: July 2000 - June 2001, p. section 6, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
The Goa, Daman and Diu Official Language Act, 1987 makes Konkani the sole official language, but provides that Marathi may also be used for "for all or any of the official purposes". The Government also has a policy of replying in Marathi to correspondence received in Marathi. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 11.3, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06 A petition is pending before the Supreme Court demanding official language status to Marathi as well. UNI (May 30, 2007), Marathi vs Konkani debate continues in Goa, retrieved 2007-06-06
"Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 28.3, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 29.7, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
"52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 25.5, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
The 43rd report of the National Commission of Linguistic Minorities reports that, from a date to be determined, Khasi will have the status of an associate official language in the districts of the East Khasi Hills, West Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills and Ri Bhoi. Garo will have a similar status in the districts of the East Garo Hills, West Garo Hills and South Garo Hills. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, p. para 25.1, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16. On the 21st of March 2006, the Chief Minister of Meghalaya stated in the State Assembly that a notification to this effect had been issued. Meghalaya Legislative Assembly, Budget session: Starred Questions and Answers - Tuesday, the 21st March 2006., archived from the original on 2007-09-27, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Mizo is the sole official language under the Official Languages Act. However, this statute does not apply to autonomous regions of Mizoram.Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 41st report: July 2002 - June 2003, p. paras 28.4, 28.9, archived from the original on 2007-02-24, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, p. para 17.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 5.4, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Punjabi is the official language of the state. Section 8 of Punjab's Official Language Act requires the state Government to "take suitable steps to develop the Hindi language in the State" but does not give Hindi any official status. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 19.6, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 26.4, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Whilst Tamil is the only official language, important communications are published in minority languages, and electoral rolls are published in Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam in areas where they are widely used. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 15.4, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 – June 2005, pp. paras 6.1–6.2, archived from the original on 10 April 2009, retrieved 16 July 2007
Bengali is the official language of West Bengal. Nepali is recognised as an additional official language in டார்ஜிலிங் மாவட்டம். In addition, the government has a policy of replying to representations received in minority languages in those languages. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 18.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.

rajbhasha.gov.in

"Committee of Parliament on Official Language report" (PDF).
Official Languages Act, 1963, S. 3(5) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
Notification No. 2/8/60-O.L. (Ministry of Home Affairs), dated 27th April, 1960.
Official Languages Act, 1963, S. 3(1) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
Official Languages Resolution, 1968, para. 1.
Official Languages Act, 1963, S. 3(1)(b) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
Official Languages Act, 1963, Ss. 5(1) and (2) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
"Official language policy of the Union."
S. 3(3) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் names, amongst others, resolutions, general orders, rules, notifications, administrative or other reports or press communiques issued by a government department, agency or corporation; administrative and other reports and official papers laid before a House or the Houses of Parliament; and ஒப்பந்தம்s and agreements executed, and licences, permits, notices and forms of tender issued by or on behalf of the government (including government companies).
Official Languages (Use for Official Purpose of the Union) Rules, 1976, paragraph 1(ii)
Official Languages (Use for Official Purpose of the Union) Rules, 1976, paragraph 4(a)
Official Languages (Use for Official Purpose of the Union) Rules, 1976, paragraphs 4(b) and (c)
Official Languages (Use for Official Purpose of the Union) Rules, 1976, paragraph 4(d)
Official Languages (Use for Official Purpose of the Union) Rules, 1976, paragraph 8

rajbhasha.nic.in

"DOL".

rediff.com

The Goa, Daman and Diu Official Language Act, 1987 makes Konkani the sole official language, but provides that Marathi may also be used for "for all or any of the official purposes". The Government also has a policy of replying in Marathi to correspondence received in Marathi. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 11.3, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06 A petition is pending before the Supreme Court demanding official language status to Marathi as well. UNI (May 30, 2007), Marathi vs Konkani debate continues in Goa, retrieved 2007-06-06

sikkim.gov.in

"1977 Sikkim government gazette" (PDF). sikkim.gov.in. Governor of Sikkim. p. 188. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.

thenewsminute.com

"Urdu is second official language in Telangana as state passes Bill". The News Minute. 17 November 2017. https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/urdu-second-official-language-telangana-state-passes-bill-71742.

time.com

"The force of words", Time, 1965-02-19, archived from the original on 2013-08-24, retrieved 2007-06-05

tribuneindia.com

Pratibha Chauhan (17 February 2019). "Bill to make Sanskrit second official language of HP passed". The Tribune (Shimla). https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/bill-to-make-sanskrit-second-official-language-of-hp-passed/730075.html.

tripura.gov.in

"Bengali and Kokborok are the state/official language, English, Hindi, Manipuri and Chakma are other languages". Tripura Official government website இம் மூலத்தில் இருந்து 12 February 2015 அன்று. பரணிடப்பட்டது.. https://web.archive.org/web/20150212025154/http://tripura.gov.in/knowtripura.

unesco.org

www2.unesco.org

1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica, India—Linguistic Composition. Quote: "By far the most widely spoken is Hindi, the country's official language, with more than 300 million speakers." 2. Oldenburg, Phillip. (1997-2007) Encarta Encyclopedia "India: Official Languages." Quote: "Hindi is the main language of more than 40 percent of the population. No single language other than Hindi can claim speakers among even 10 percent of the total population. Hindi was therefore made India’s official language in 1965. English, which was associated with British rule, was retained as an option for official use because some non-Hindi speakers, particularly in Tamil Nādu, opposed the official use of Hindi." 3. United Kingdom, Foreign and Commonwealth Office: India—Country Profile. Quote: "The official language of India is Hindi written in the Devanagari script and spoken by some 30% of the population as a first language. Since 1965 English has been recognised as an 'associated language'." 4. UNESCO: Education for All—The Nine Largest Countries பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-12-30 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் Quote: "Hindi is the language of 30% of the population and the official language of India." 5. United States Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Profile: India Quote: "Languages: Hindi is the official language and the most commonly spoken, but not all dialects are mutually comprehensible. English also has official status and is widely used in business and politics, although knowledge of English varies widely from fluency to knowledge of just a few words." 6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Country Profile: India Quote: "Hindi is constitutionally designated as the official language of India, with English as an associate official language."

unhcr.org

1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica, India—Linguistic Composition. Quote: "By far the most widely spoken is Hindi, the country's official language, with more than 300 million speakers." 2. Oldenburg, Phillip. (1997-2007) Encarta Encyclopedia "India: Official Languages." Quote: "Hindi is the main language of more than 40 percent of the population. No single language other than Hindi can claim speakers among even 10 percent of the total population. Hindi was therefore made India’s official language in 1965. English, which was associated with British rule, was retained as an option for official use because some non-Hindi speakers, particularly in Tamil Nādu, opposed the official use of Hindi." 3. United Kingdom, Foreign and Commonwealth Office: India—Country Profile. Quote: "The official language of India is Hindi written in the Devanagari script and spoken by some 30% of the population as a first language. Since 1965 English has been recognised as an 'associated language'." 4. UNESCO: Education for All—The Nine Largest Countries பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-12-30 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் Quote: "Hindi is the language of 30% of the population and the official language of India." 5. United States Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Profile: India Quote: "Languages: Hindi is the official language and the most commonly spoken, but not all dialects are mutually comprehensible. English also has official status and is widely used in business and politics, although knowledge of English varies widely from fluency to knowledge of just a few words." 6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Country Profile: India Quote: "Hindi is constitutionally designated as the official language of India, with English as an associate official language."

web.archive.org

"Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 ஜூலை 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica, India—Linguistic Composition. Quote: "By far the most widely spoken is Hindi, the country's official language, with more than 300 million speakers." 2. Oldenburg, Phillip. (1997-2007) Encarta Encyclopedia "India: Official Languages." Quote: "Hindi is the main language of more than 40 percent of the population. No single language other than Hindi can claim speakers among even 10 percent of the total population. Hindi was therefore made India’s official language in 1965. English, which was associated with British rule, was retained as an option for official use because some non-Hindi speakers, particularly in Tamil Nādu, opposed the official use of Hindi." 3. United Kingdom, Foreign and Commonwealth Office: India—Country Profile. Quote: "The official language of India is Hindi written in the Devanagari script and spoken by some 30% of the population as a first language. Since 1965 English has been recognised as an 'associated language'." 4. UNESCO: Education for All—The Nine Largest Countries பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-12-30 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் Quote: "Hindi is the language of 30% of the population and the official language of India." 5. United States Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Profile: India Quote: "Languages: Hindi is the official language and the most commonly spoken, but not all dialects are mutually comprehensible. English also has official status and is widely used in business and politics, although knowledge of English varies widely from fluency to knowledge of just a few words." 6 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Country Profile: India Quote: "Hindi is constitutionally designated as the official language of India, with English as an associate official language."
"காப்பகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட நகல்". Archived from the original on 2020-11-25. Retrieved 2019-11-05.
"Commissioner Linguistic Minorities". Archived from the original on 2009-09-19. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
"The force of words", Time, 1965-02-19, archived from the original on 2013-08-24, retrieved 2007-06-05
Official Languages Act, 1963, S. 3(5) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
Official Languages Act, 1963, S. 3(1) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
Official Languages Act, 1963, S. 3(1)(b) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
Official Languages Act, 1963, Ss. 5(1) and (2) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்.
S. 3(3) பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-12-10 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் names, amongst others, resolutions, general orders, rules, notifications, administrative or other reports or press communiques issued by a government department, agency or corporation; administrative and other reports and official papers laid before a House or the Houses of Parliament; and ஒப்பந்தம்s and agreements executed, and licences, permits, notices and forms of tender issued by or on behalf of the government (including government companies).
The Andhra Pradesh Official Language Act, 1966, declares Telugu to be the official language. This enactment was implemented by GO Ms No 420 in 2005. Rao, M. Malleswara (September 18, 2005), "Telugu declared official language", தி இந்து (Online edition), archived from the original on 2007-08-10, retrieved 2007-07-16
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 2.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Five languages spoken by the principal tribes in Arunachal Pradesh - Adi, Apatani, Bhoti, Khampti and Nishi are offered to students in state schools, however English is the language of administration and recruitment. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 2.3–2.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Assamese is the official language of the State. Bodo is used as an associate official language for specific purposes in the districts of Kokrajhar and Nalbari and in the Udalguri sub division. Bengali is used for administrative and other official purposes in the districts of the Barak valley.Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 3.5, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06. See also Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 3.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 20.5, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
உருது is recognised as an additional official language for seven specific purposes, namely, receiving and replying to representations from the public; receiving documents in government offices; publishing rules, regulations and notices; issuing important letters and orders; publishing important advertisements; publishing government gazettes; and signboards at important places and offices.Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 20.5, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
The The Chhattisgarh Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2007 added "Chhattisgarhi" as an official language of the state, in addition to Hindi."The Chhattisgarh Official Language (Amendment) Act, 2007". Government of India. Archived from the original on 1 அக்டோபர் 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 39th report: July 2000 - June 2001, p. section 6, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
The Goa, Daman and Diu Official Language Act, 1987 makes Konkani the sole official language, but provides that Marathi may also be used for "for all or any of the official purposes". The Government also has a policy of replying in Marathi to correspondence received in Marathi. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 11.3, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06 A petition is pending before the Supreme Court demanding official language status to Marathi as well. UNI (May 30, 2007), Marathi vs Konkani debate continues in Goa, retrieved 2007-06-06
"Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 28.3, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
Himachal Pradesh adopted Hindi as the sole official language in 2008.Hindi to be official language of H.P. பரணிடப்பட்டது 2011-09-24 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 29.7, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
"52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
"Jharkhand gives second language status to Magahi, Angika, Bhojpuri and Maithili". The Avenue Mail. 21 March 2018 இம் மூலத்தில் இருந்து 28 March 2019 அன்று. பரணிடப்பட்டது.. https://web.archive.org/web/20190328090028/https://www.avenuemail.in/ranchi/jharkhand-gives-second-language-status-to-magahi-angika-bhojpuri-and-maithili/118291/.
"Language and Literature", Official website of Government of Madhya Pradesh, Government of Madhya Pradesh, archived from the original on 2007-09-29, retrieved 2007-07-16
"Maharashtra Tourism: Trivia", Official website of Maharashtra Tourism, Government of Maharashtra, archived from the original on 2021-05-02, retrieved 2007-07-16
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 25.5, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16
The 43rd report of the National Commission of Linguistic Minorities reports that, from a date to be determined, Khasi will have the status of an associate official language in the districts of the East Khasi Hills, West Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills and Ri Bhoi. Garo will have a similar status in the districts of the East Garo Hills, West Garo Hills and South Garo Hills. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, p. para 25.1, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16. On the 21st of March 2006, the Chief Minister of Meghalaya stated in the State Assembly that a notification to this effect had been issued. Meghalaya Legislative Assembly, Budget session: Starred Questions and Answers - Tuesday, the 21st March 2006., archived from the original on 2007-09-27, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Mizo is the sole official language under the Official Languages Act. However, this statute does not apply to autonomous regions of Mizoram.Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 41st report: July 2002 - June 2003, p. paras 28.4, 28.9, archived from the original on 2007-02-24, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, p. para 17.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 5.4, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16.
Punjabi is the official language of the state. Section 8 of Punjab's Official Language Act requires the state Government to "take suitable steps to develop the Hindi language in the State" but does not give Hindi any official status. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 19.6, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-06-06.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 26.4, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16.
"1977 Sikkim government gazette" (PDF). sikkim.gov.in. Governor of Sikkim. p. 188. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
Whilst Tamil is the only official language, important communications are published in minority languages, and electoral rolls are published in Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam in areas where they are widely used. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 42nd report: July 2003 - June 2004, p. para 15.4, archived from the original on 2007-10-08, retrieved 2007-07-16.
"Bengali and Kokborok are the state/official language, English, Hindi, Manipuri and Chakma are other languages". Tripura Official government website இம் மூலத்தில் இருந்து 12 February 2015 அன்று. பரணிடப்பட்டது.. https://web.archive.org/web/20150212025154/http://tripura.gov.in/knowtripura.
Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 – June 2005, pp. paras 6.1–6.2, archived from the original on 10 April 2009, retrieved 16 July 2007
Bengali is the official language of West Bengal. Nepali is recognised as an additional official language in டார்ஜிலிங் மாவட்டம். In addition, the government has a policy of replying to representations received in minority languages in those languages. Commissioner Linguistic Minorities, 43rd report: July 2004 - June 2005, pp. para 18.4, archived from the original on 2009-04-10, retrieved 2007-07-16.
"Most of Indian languages are spoken in Andaman and Nicobar Islands because of its cosmopolitan nature. The common language is Hindi whereas English and Hindi are used in official correspondence." Andaman District Administration, Profile, archived from the original on 2011-12-13, retrieved 2007-06-06

webcitation.org

The official language of the state is English and Hindi is taught as a second language in school.Das, Varsha. "Production of Literacy Materials in Minor Languages" (PDF). National Book Trust of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 ஆகஸ்ட் 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

உருது is used as a second official language in certain districts for certain specific purposes. Fatihi, A.R., "உருது in Andhra Pradesh", Language in India, 3 (4), ISSN: 1930-2940, retrieved 2007-07-16^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}
Fatihi, A.R. (September 9, 2003), "உருது in Gujarat", Language in India, 3, retrieved 2007-07-16^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}