Columbia University – "East Asian cultural sphere" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) "The East Asian cultural sphere evolves when Japan, Korea, and what is today Vietnam all share adapted elements of Chinese civilization of this period (that of the Tang dynasty), in particular Buddhism, Confucian social and political values, and literary Chinese and its writing system."
Edwin O. Reischauer, "The Sinic World in Perspective," Foreign Affairs 52.2 (January 1974): 341—348. JSTOR (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
msn.com
encarta.msn.com
East Asia. Encarta. Microsoft. [2008-01-12]. (原始内容存档于2009-10-31). the countries and regions of Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Mongolia, South Korea, North Korea and Japan.
"Many Japanese scholars expressed the idea of Nissen dōsoron (Theory of common ancestry between Japanese and Koreans), which maintained a common origin as well as inferior and superior positions of Koreans and Japanese. Other Japanese scholars concluded that Korea had been historically dominated by influences from the continent, particularly Manchuria." ALLEN, Chizuko: Ch'oe Namson at the Height of Japanese Imperialism. In: Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies. Vol. 5 No. 1. 2005. p. 27-49. http://sjeas.skku.edu/upload/201312/Chizuko%20T.PDF (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
springer.com
link.springer.com
East Asia. Springer Netherlands. [2019-09-01]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-02).
Columbia University – "East Asian cultural sphere" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) "The East Asian cultural sphere evolves when Japan, Korea, and what is today Vietnam all share adapted elements of Chinese civilization of this period (that of the Tang dynasty), in particular Buddhism, Confucian social and political values, and literary Chinese and its writing system."
Country Profiles: East Asia. Children and Armed Conflict Unit at the University of Essex. [2019-09-01]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-11).
East Asia. Springer Netherlands. [2019-09-01]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-02).
"Many Japanese scholars expressed the idea of Nissen dōsoron (Theory of common ancestry between Japanese and Koreans), which maintained a common origin as well as inferior and superior positions of Koreans and Japanese. Other Japanese scholars concluded that Korea had been historically dominated by influences from the continent, particularly Manchuria." ALLEN, Chizuko: Ch'oe Namson at the Height of Japanese Imperialism. In: Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies. Vol. 5 No. 1. 2005. p. 27-49. http://sjeas.skku.edu/upload/201312/Chizuko%20T.PDF (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
East Asia. Encarta. Microsoft. [2008-01-12]. (原始内容存档于2009-10-31). the countries and regions of Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Mongolia, South Korea, North Korea and Japan.