代孕 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "代孕" in Chinese language version.

Last modified: 17:36:27, 17 January 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank Chinese rank

2624web.archive.org

1^st place

77doi.org

2^nd place

5^th place

55worldcat.org

4^th place

44nih.gov

5^th place

3^rd place

44bbc.com

26^th place

38^th place

22gov.cn

1,182^nd place

58^th place

22qq.com

293^rd place

14^th place

21yicai.com

8,102^nd place

444^th place

21jwview.com

low place

6,261^st place

11webmd.com

2,056^th place

1,593^rd place

11people.com

69^th place

231^st place

11cnki.com.cn

3,132^nd place

151^st place

11nature.com

207^th place

205^th place

11semanticscholar.org

15^th place

141^st place

11financialtribune.com

low place

11americanprogress.org

low place

11cfas.ca

low place

11hcch.net

low place

11eur.nl

low place

11state.gov

228^th place

286^th place

11elgaronline.com

low place

11bjmu.edu.cn

low place

4,787^th place

11zh.wikisource.org

410^th place

16^th place

11ltn.com.tw

342^nd place

10^th place

11chinatimes.com

627^th place

34^th place

americanprogress.org (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Guide to State Surrogacy Laws. Center for American Progress. December 17, 2007 [2022-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2024-02-26）（英语）.

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; Chinese: 38^th place)

Ponniah, Kevin. The corner of Europe where women rent out their wombs. BBC News. February 13, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-05-19）.
Head, Jonathan. Thai 'baby factory' saga reaches uneasy end. BBC News. February 26, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-21）.
Head, Jonathan. Thai 'baby factory' saga reaches uneasy end. BBC News. February 26, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-21）.
Perasso, Valeria. 'I gave birth but it's not my baby'. BBC News. December 4, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-05-13）.

bjmu.edu.cn (Global: low place; Chinese: 4,787^th place)

cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn

中华人民共和国卫生部. 人类辅助生殖技术规范. 中国生育健康杂志: 4-9. [2021-01-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-28）.

cfas.ca (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Baudouin, Christine. "Surrogacy in Quebec: First Legal Test" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society.

chinatimes.com (Global: 627^th place; Chinese: 34^th place)

朱真楷. 代理孕母法一讀可給酬金. 中时电子报. 2020-05-02 [2020-05-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-09）（中文（繁體））.

cnki.com.cn (Global: 3,132^nd place; Chinese: 151^st place)

cdmd.cnki.com.cn

赵璇. 【摘要】. 《从典妻到代孕—约束条件下的制度变迁》 (硕士论文). 南京大学. [2019年] [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-05）（中文（简体））.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Chinese: 5^th place)

Bhatia, Kalsang; Martindale, Elizabeth A.; Rustamov, Oybek; Nysenbaum, Anthony M. Surrogate pregnancy: an essential guide for clinicians. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 2009, 11 (1): 49–54. ISSN 1744-4667. doi:10.1576/toag.11.1.49.27468 （英语）.
Brinsden, Peter R. Gestational surrogacy. Human Reproduction Update. 2003-09-01, 9 (5): 483–491. ISSN 1355-4786. PMID 14640380. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmg033 （英语）.
Simopoulou, M.; Sfakianoudis, K.; Tsioulou, P.; Rapani, A.; Anifandis, G.; Pantou, A.; Bolaris, S.; Bakas, P.; Deligeoroglou, E. Risks in Surrogacy Considering the Embryo: From the Preimplantation to the Gestational and Neonatal Period. BioMed Research International. 2018-07-17, 2018: 6287507. ISSN 2314-6133. PMC 6077588 . PMID 30112409. doi:10.1155/2018/6287507 .
Simopoulou, M.; Sfakianoudis, K.; Tsioulou, P.; Rapani, A.; Anifandis, G.; Pantou, A.; Bolaris, S.; Bakas, P.; Deligeoroglou, E. Risks in Surrogacy Considering the Embryo: From the Preimplantation to the Gestational and Neonatal Period. BioMed Research International. 2018-07-17, 2018: 6287507. ISSN 2314-6133. PMC 6077588 . PMID 30112409. doi:10.1155/2018/6287507 .
Zhao, Yue. Protection of rights and legal remedies for surrogate mothers in China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 2023-11-15, 10 (1) [2024-04-18]. ISSN 2662-9992. doi:10.1057/s41599-023-02370-x . （原始内容存档于2024-04-22）（英语）.
Aramesh, K. Iran's experience with surrogate motherhood: an Islamic view and ethical concerns.. Journal of Medical Ethics. May 2009, 35 (5): 320–322. PMID 19407039. S2CID 206995988. doi:10.1136/jme.2008.027763.
Aguiling-Pangalangan, Elizabeth H., Surrogacy in Asia, Research Handbook on Surrogacy and the Law (Edward Elgar Publishing), 2024-03-12: 395–435 [2024-04-10], ISBN 978-1-80220-765-1, doi:10.4337/9781802207651.00029, （原始内容存档于2024-04-12）

elgaronline.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Aguiling-Pangalangan, Elizabeth H., Surrogacy in Asia, Research Handbook on Surrogacy and the Law (Edward Elgar Publishing), 2024-03-12: 395–435 [2024-04-10], ISBN 978-1-80220-765-1, doi:10.4337/9781802207651.00029, （原始内容存档于2024-04-12）

eur.nl (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

repub.eur.nl

Beeson, Diane; Darnovsky, Marcy. RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Global surrogacy practices. ISS Working Paper Series / General Series (repub.eur.nl). December 31, 2014, 601: 1–54 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-01）.

financialtribune.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Infertile Couples in Iran Find New Hope in Surrogacy. April 25, 2017 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-10）.

gov.cn (Global: 1,182^nd place; Chinese: 58^th place)

我国开展打击代孕专项行动将清理相关信息和广告. 人民日报. 2015-04-10 [2021-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.
中华人民共和国卫生部令（第14号）人类辅助生殖技术管理办法_第6期国务院公报_中国政府网. 中国政府网. 2001年2月20日. （原始内容存档于2021年1月27日）（中文（简体））.

hcch.net (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

The private international law issues surrounding the status of children, including issues arising from international surrogacy arrangements – 2011–2013. hcch.net. （原始内容存档于2013-11-04）.

jwview.com (Global: low place; Chinese: 6,261^st place)

记者：周洁. 郑爽代孕追问：现有法律只处罚中介，所生子女权益受保护. 编辑：董湘依. 中经经纬，来源：新民周刊. 2018-12-12 [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-05）（中文（简体））.

ltn.com.tw (Global: 342^nd place; Chinese: 10^th place)

news.ltn.com.tw

記者：陳詩婷、胡清暉. 立法通過／人工生殖限定不孕夫妻. 自由时报电子报. 2007-03-06 [2020-05-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-09）（中文（繁體））.

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; Chinese: 205^th place)

Zhao, Yue. Protection of rights and legal remedies for surrogate mothers in China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 2023-11-15, 10 (1) [2024-04-18]. ISSN 2662-9992. doi:10.1057/s41599-023-02370-x . （原始内容存档于2024-04-22）（英语）.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; Chinese: 3^rd place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Brinsden, Peter R. Gestational surrogacy. Human Reproduction Update. 2003-09-01, 9 (5): 483–491. ISSN 1355-4786. PMID 14640380. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmg033 （英语）.
Simopoulou, M.; Sfakianoudis, K.; Tsioulou, P.; Rapani, A.; Anifandis, G.; Pantou, A.; Bolaris, S.; Bakas, P.; Deligeoroglou, E. Risks in Surrogacy Considering the Embryo: From the Preimplantation to the Gestational and Neonatal Period. BioMed Research International. 2018-07-17, 2018: 6287507. ISSN 2314-6133. PMC 6077588 . PMID 30112409. doi:10.1155/2018/6287507 .
Simopoulou, M.; Sfakianoudis, K.; Tsioulou, P.; Rapani, A.; Anifandis, G.; Pantou, A.; Bolaris, S.; Bakas, P.; Deligeoroglou, E. Risks in Surrogacy Considering the Embryo: From the Preimplantation to the Gestational and Neonatal Period. BioMed Research International. 2018-07-17, 2018: 6287507. ISSN 2314-6133. PMC 6077588 . PMID 30112409. doi:10.1155/2018/6287507 .
Aramesh, K. Iran's experience with surrogate motherhood: an Islamic view and ethical concerns.. Journal of Medical Ethics. May 2009, 35 (5): 320–322. PMID 19407039. S2CID 206995988. doi:10.1136/jme.2008.027763.

people.com (Global: 69^th place; Chinese: 231^st place)

存档副本. [2019-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-23）.

qq.com (Global: 293^rd place; Chinese: 14^th place)

news.qq.com

计划生育法草案：禁止买卖精子卵子受精卵和胚胎_新闻_腾讯网. 腾讯新闻. 2015-12-23. （原始内容存档于2015-12-27）（中文（简体））.
人口计生法修改：委员建议拿掉“禁止代孕”条款_新闻_腾讯网. 腾讯新闻. 2015-12-23. （原始内容存档于2021-06-12）（中文（简体））.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; Chinese: 141^st place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Aramesh, K. Iran's experience with surrogate motherhood: an Islamic view and ethical concerns.. Journal of Medical Ethics. May 2009, 35 (5): 320–322. PMID 19407039. S2CID 206995988. doi:10.1136/jme.2008.027763.

state.gov (Global: 228^th place; Chinese: 286^th place)

travel.state.gov

Important Information for U.S. Citizens Considering the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Abroad. travel.state.gov. （原始内容存档于September 7, 2015）.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; Chinese: 1^st place)

Using a Surrogate Mother: What You Need to Know. WebMD. [April 6, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-29）.
存档副本. [2019-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-23）.
彭晓玲. 郑爽代孕追问：现有法律只处罚中介，所生子女权益受保护. 责编：李刚. 第一财经网站. 2021-01-20 [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-09）（中文（简体））.
赵璇. 【摘要】. 《从典妻到代孕—约束条件下的制度变迁》 (硕士论文). 南京大学. [2019年] [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-05）（中文（简体））.
Zhao, Yue. Protection of rights and legal remedies for surrogate mothers in China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 2023-11-15, 10 (1) [2024-04-18]. ISSN 2662-9992. doi:10.1057/s41599-023-02370-x . （原始内容存档于2024-04-22）（英语）.
Ponniah, Kevin. The corner of Europe where women rent out their wombs. BBC News. February 13, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-05-19）.
Head, Jonathan. Thai 'baby factory' saga reaches uneasy end. BBC News. February 26, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-21）.
Head, Jonathan. Thai 'baby factory' saga reaches uneasy end. BBC News. February 26, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-21）.
Perasso, Valeria. 'I gave birth but it's not my baby'. BBC News. December 4, 2018 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-05-13）.
Infertile Couples in Iran Find New Hope in Surrogacy. April 25, 2017 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-10）.
Guide to State Surrogacy Laws. Center for American Progress. December 17, 2007 [2022-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2024-02-26）（英语）.
Baudouin, Christine. "Surrogacy in Quebec: First Legal Test" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society.
The private international law issues surrounding the status of children, including issues arising from international surrogacy arrangements – 2011–2013. hcch.net. （原始内容存档于2013-11-04）.
Beeson, Diane; Darnovsky, Marcy. RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Global surrogacy practices. ISS Working Paper Series / General Series (repub.eur.nl). December 31, 2014, 601: 1–54 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-01）.
Important Information for U.S. Citizens Considering the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Abroad. travel.state.gov. （原始内容存档于September 7, 2015）.
Aguiling-Pangalangan, Elizabeth H., Surrogacy in Asia, Research Handbook on Surrogacy and the Law (Edward Elgar Publishing), 2024-03-12: 395–435 [2024-04-10], ISBN 978-1-80220-765-1, doi:10.4337/9781802207651.00029, （原始内容存档于2024-04-12）
记者：周洁. 郑爽代孕追问：现有法律只处罚中介，所生子女权益受保护. 编辑：董湘依. 中经经纬，来源：新民周刊. 2018-12-12 [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-05）（中文（简体））.
我国开展打击代孕专项行动将清理相关信息和广告. 人民日报. 2015-04-10 [2021-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.
中华人民共和国卫生部令（第14号）人类辅助生殖技术管理办法_第6期国务院公报_中国政府网. 中国政府网. 2001年2月20日. （原始内容存档于2021年1月27日）（中文（简体））.
中华人民共和国卫生部. 人类辅助生殖技术规范. 中国生育健康杂志: 4-9. [2021-01-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-28）.
计划生育法草案：禁止买卖精子卵子受精卵和胚胎_新闻_腾讯网. 腾讯新闻. 2015-12-23. （原始内容存档于2015-12-27）（中文（简体））.
人口计生法修改：委员建议拿掉“禁止代孕”条款_新闻_腾讯网. 腾讯新闻. 2015-12-23. （原始内容存档于2021-06-12）（中文（简体））.
記者：陳詩婷、胡清暉. 立法通過／人工生殖限定不孕夫妻. 自由时报电子报. 2007-03-06 [2020-05-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-09）（中文（繁體））.
朱真楷. 代理孕母法一讀可給酬金. 中时电子报. 2020-05-02 [2020-05-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-09）（中文（繁體））.

webmd.com (Global: 2,056^th place; Chinese: 1,593^rd place)

Using a Surrogate Mother: What You Need to Know. WebMD. [April 6, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-29）.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; Chinese: 4^th place)

Bhatia, Kalsang; Martindale, Elizabeth A.; Rustamov, Oybek; Nysenbaum, Anthony M. Surrogate pregnancy: an essential guide for clinicians. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 2009, 11 (1): 49–54. ISSN 1744-4667. doi:10.1576/toag.11.1.49.27468 （英语）.
Brinsden, Peter R. Gestational surrogacy. Human Reproduction Update. 2003-09-01, 9 (5): 483–491. ISSN 1355-4786. PMID 14640380. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmg033 （英语）.
Simopoulou, M.; Sfakianoudis, K.; Tsioulou, P.; Rapani, A.; Anifandis, G.; Pantou, A.; Bolaris, S.; Bakas, P.; Deligeoroglou, E. Risks in Surrogacy Considering the Embryo: From the Preimplantation to the Gestational and Neonatal Period. BioMed Research International. 2018-07-17, 2018: 6287507. ISSN 2314-6133. PMC 6077588 . PMID 30112409. doi:10.1155/2018/6287507 .
Simopoulou, M.; Sfakianoudis, K.; Tsioulou, P.; Rapani, A.; Anifandis, G.; Pantou, A.; Bolaris, S.; Bakas, P.; Deligeoroglou, E. Risks in Surrogacy Considering the Embryo: From the Preimplantation to the Gestational and Neonatal Period. BioMed Research International. 2018-07-17, 2018: 6287507. ISSN 2314-6133. PMC 6077588 . PMID 30112409. doi:10.1155/2018/6287507 .
Zhao, Yue. Protection of rights and legal remedies for surrogate mothers in China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 2023-11-15, 10 (1) [2024-04-18]. ISSN 2662-9992. doi:10.1057/s41599-023-02370-x . （原始内容存档于2024-04-22）（英语）.

yicai.com (Global: 8,102^nd place; Chinese: 444^th place)

彭晓玲. 郑爽代孕追问：现有法律只处罚中介，所生子女权益受保护. 责编：李刚. 第一财经网站. 2021-01-20 [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-09）（中文（简体））.

zh.wikisource.org (Global: 410^th place; Chinese: 16^th place)

中华人民共和国人口与计划生育法. 维基文库. 第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会. 2015-12-27.

代孕 (Chinese Wikipedia)

americanprogress.org (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

bbc.com (Global: 26th place; Chinese: 38th place)

bjmu.edu.cn (Global: low place; Chinese: 4,787th place)

cjrh.bjmu.edu.cn

cfas.ca (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

chinatimes.com (Global: 627th place; Chinese: 34th place)

cnki.com.cn (Global: 3,132nd place; Chinese: 151st place)

cdmd.cnki.com.cn

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; Chinese: 5th place)

elgaronline.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

eur.nl (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

repub.eur.nl

financialtribune.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

gov.cn (Global: 1,182nd place; Chinese: 58th place)

hcch.net (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

jwview.com (Global: low place; Chinese: 6,261st place)

ltn.com.tw (Global: 342nd place; Chinese: 10th place)

news.ltn.com.tw

nature.com (Global: 207th place; Chinese: 205th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; Chinese: 3rd place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

people.com (Global: 69th place; Chinese: 231st place)

qq.com (Global: 293rd place; Chinese: 14th place)

news.qq.com

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; Chinese: 141st place)

api.semanticscholar.org

state.gov (Global: 228th place; Chinese: 286th place)

travel.state.gov

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; Chinese: 1st place)

webmd.com (Global: 2,056th place; Chinese: 1,593rd place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; Chinese: 4th place)

yicai.com (Global: 8,102nd place; Chinese: 444th place)

zh.wikisource.org (Global: 410th place; Chinese: 16th place)

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; Chinese: 38^th place)

bjmu.edu.cn (Global: low place; Chinese: 4,787^th place)

chinatimes.com (Global: 627^th place; Chinese: 34^th place)

cnki.com.cn (Global: 3,132^nd place; Chinese: 151^st place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Chinese: 5^th place)

gov.cn (Global: 1,182^nd place; Chinese: 58^th place)

jwview.com (Global: low place; Chinese: 6,261^st place)

ltn.com.tw (Global: 342^nd place; Chinese: 10^th place)

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; Chinese: 205^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; Chinese: 3^rd place)

people.com (Global: 69^th place; Chinese: 231^st place)

qq.com (Global: 293^rd place; Chinese: 14^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; Chinese: 141^st place)

state.gov (Global: 228^th place; Chinese: 286^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; Chinese: 1^st place)

webmd.com (Global: 2,056^th place; Chinese: 1,593^rd place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; Chinese: 4^th place)

yicai.com (Global: 8,102^nd place; Chinese: 444^th place)

zh.wikisource.org (Global: 410^th place; Chinese: 16^th place)