反法西斯 (美国) (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "反法西斯 (美国)" in Chinese language version.

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11alive.com (Global: 7,338^th place; Chinese: low place)

Counter-protesters march through streets of Stone Mountain after park remains closed. WXIA. 2019-02-02 [2019-02-03].

abc7.com (Global: 2,722^nd place; Chinese: low place)

Trump says he'll designated antifa as a terrorist group but offers few details. ABC. 2025-09-18 [2025-09-18].

adl.org (Global: 1,810^th place; Chinese: 5,126^th place)

見反誹謗聯盟的研究：
- Murder and Extremism in the United States in 2022. Anti-Defamation League. 2023-02-20 [2025-09-23].
- Who are the Antifa?. Anti-Defamation League. 2017 [2019-07-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-01）.
- Who are Antifa?. Anti-Defamation League. 2020 [2020-10-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-11）. Right-wing extremists have been one of the largest and most consistent sources of domestic terror incidents in the United States for many years; they have murdered hundreds of people in this country over the last ten years alone. To date, there has been one suspected antifa-related murder, which took place on August 29, 2020, in Portland, Oregon.
- Disinformation: Antifa manual. Anti-Defamation League. [2021-03-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-06）.

ajc.com (Global: 685^th place; Chinese: 1,436^th place)

Kass, Arielle. Protesters march on Stone Mountain Village after park is closed. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. 2019-02-02 [2019-02-03]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-03）.
Joyner, Chris. 'Pro-white' rally at Stone Mountain collapses amid internal strife. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. 2019-02-02 [2019-02-03]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-03）.

aljazeera.com (Global: 268^th place; Chinese: 470^th place)

Strickland, Patrick. US anti-fascists: 'We can make racists afraid again'. Al-Jazeera. 2017-02-21 [2020-09-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-27）.

americansurveycenter.org (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

After the ballots are counted: Conspiracies, political violence, and American exceptionalism. The Survey Center on American Life. 2021-02-11 [2021-02-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-18）（英语）.

aol.com (Global: 1,474^th place; Chinese: 3,233^rd place)

Steakin, William. What is Antifa? Controversial far-left group defends use of violence. AOL. 2017-05-04 [2017-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-14）.
Bostock, Bill. 'You are not safe': Protestors sieged Fox News host Tucker Carlson's DC home in the middle of the night. AOL. 2018-11-08 [2018-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-10）.

apnews.com (Global: 129^th place; Chinese: 436^th place)

Galofaro, Claire; Kunzelman, Michael. Trump, social media, right-wing news stir up antifa scares. Associated Press. 2020-09-23 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.
Fox, Ben; Tucker, Eric. FBI director says antifa is an ideology, not an organization. Associated Press. 2020-09-17 [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17）.
Khalil, Ashraf. Protesters target home of Fox News' Tucker Carlson. Associated Press. 2018-11-09 [2020-06-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）.
Protesters target home of Fox News' Tucker Carlson. AP News. 2018-11-09 [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-13）.
Miller, Zeke. White House answers online petitions, ducks tax-return issue. Associated Press. 2018-02-28 [2019-04-01]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-01）.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; Chinese: 4^th place)

意識形態（學術來源）：
- Bray, Mark. Introduction. Antifa: The Antifascist Handbook. London: Melville House. 2017. ISBN 978-1-61219-703-6. In the United States, most [antifa groups] have been anarchist or antiauthoritarian since the emergence of modern antifa under the name Anti-Racist Action (ARA) in the late eighties.
- Bray, Mark. Introduction. Antifa: The Antifascist Handbook. London: Melville House. 2017. ISBN 978-1-61219-703-6. In the United States, most [antifa groups] have been anarchist or antiauthoritarian since the emergence of modern antifa under the name Anti-Racist Action (ARA) in the late eighties.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; Chinese: 18^th place)

Levy, Rachel. What Is Antifa?. The Wall Street Journal. （原始内容存档于2020-09-02）.
Meyer, Josh. FBI, Homeland Security warn of more 'antifa' attacks. Politico. 2017-09-01 [2017-09-01]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-01）. Federal authorities have been warning state and local officials since early 2016 that leftist extremists known as 'antifa' had become increasingly confrontational and dangerous, so much so that the Department of Homeland Security formally classified their activities as 'domestic terrorist violence', according to interviews and confidential law enforcement documents obtained by POLITICO.
Klippenstein, Ken. The FBI Finds 'No Intel Indicating Antifa Involvement' in Sunday's Violence. The Nation. 2020-06-02 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-03）.

azcentral.com (Global: 814^th place; Chinese: 2,741^st place)

Anglen, Robert; Longhi, Lorraine; Ruelas, Richard. Fake social media posts incite fear of suburban marauders, rape and murder across the U.S.. The Arizona Republic. 2020-06-05 [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-14）.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; Chinese: 32^nd place)

Antifa: Trump says group will be designated 'terrorist organisation'. BBC News. 2020-05-31 [2020-05-31]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-08）.

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; Chinese: 41^st place)

Far-right smear campaign against Antifa exposed by Bellingcat. BBC News. 2017-08-24 [2017-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-24）.
Cammeron, Brenna. Antifa: Left-wing militants on the rise. BBC News. 2017-08-14 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-21）. Antifa is anti-government and anti-capitalist, and their methodologies are often perceived as more closely aligned with anarchists than the mainstream left.
Cammeron, Brenna. Antifa: Left-wing militants on the rise. BBC News. 2017-08-14 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-21）.

billmoyers.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Stan, Adele. White Supremacist Chaos in Charlottesville Is Just the Beginning. Moyers & Company. 2017-08-14 [2017-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-15）.

bloomberg.com (Global: 99^th place; Chinese: 225^th place)

Capps, Kriston. Trump Releases a 'Platinum Plan' for Black Voters. Bloomberg News. 2020-09-29 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-20）.
Syeed, Nafeesa. Pro-Russian Bots Sharpen Online Attacks for 2018 U.S. Vote. Bloomberg News. 2017-09-01 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-17）.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; Chinese: 8^th place)

Bray, Mark. Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook. New York: Melville House. 2017: 54 [2022-08-20]. ISBN 978-1-61219-703-6. （原始内容存档于2021-03-07）.
Vysotsky, Stanislav. 2. American Antifa: The Tactics, Culture, and Practice of Militant Antifascism. Routledge. 2020 [2022-10-24]. ISBN 978-0-367-21057-1. （原始内容存档于2023-02-13） –通过Google Books.

businessinsider.com (Global: 140^th place; Chinese: 399^th place)

Mark, Michelle. Trump and the right's post-Charlottesville bogeyman is antifa, a movement with a complicated history. Business Insider. 2017-08-23 [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-06）. Updated by Michelle Mark and Connor Perrett to "Trump said he intends to declare antifa as a terrorist organization. Here's what we know about the decades-old, leaderless group." on 2020-06-02.
Relman, Eliza. GOP Sen. Tom Cotton calls for the US Army's toughest soldiers to quell 'domestic terrorism' and suggests protesters should be shown no mercy. Business Insider. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-30）.
Pasley, James. Trump frequently accuses the far-left of inciting violence, yet right-wing extremists have killed 329 victims in the last 25 years, while antifa members haven't killed any, according to a new study. Business Insider. [2020-10-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-07）.
Zitser, Joshua. Far-right group Proud Boys claim they will attend January 6 DC rally 'incognito' and wear all-black to blend in with antifa protesters. Business Insider (Insider Inc.). 2021-01-03 [2021-01-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-12）.

buzzfeednews.com (Global: 1,368^th place; Chinese: 4,144^th place)

Bernstein, Joseph. Meet Andy Ngo: The Man Whose Attack By Portland Antifa Has Made Him a Victim and a Star. BuzzFeed News. 2019-07-18 [2019-07-27]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-28）.

cato.org (Global: 4,789^th place; Chinese: 5,374^th place)

出自對加图研究所的2025年研究結果分析，見Schneid, Rebecca. Trump Called for a Crackdown on the 'Radical Left.' But Right-Wing Extremists Are Responsible for More Political Violence. Time. 2025-09-16 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-18）. 。引述的數據集出處為Nowrasteh, Alex. Politically Motivated Violence Is Rare in the United States. Cato Institute. 2025-09-11 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-17）. Table 2.

cavalierdaily.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Bellows, Kate. Charlottesville activists, religious leaders to counter KKK rally with community events Saturday. The Cavalier Daily. 2017-07-06 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-27）.

chicagotribune.com (Global: 95^th place; Chinese: 678^th place)

Stein, Perry. Anarchists and the antifa: The history of activists Trump condemns as the 'alt-left'. Chicago Tribune. 2017-08-16 [2017-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-15）.

citypages.com (Global: 6,216^th place; Chinese: low place)

Snyders, Matt. Skinheads at Forty. City Pages. 2008-02-20 [2012-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2012-08-03）.

cnn.com (Global: 28^th place; Chinese: 71^st place)

cnn.com

Perez, Evan; Hoffman, Jason. Trump tweets Antifa will be labeled a terrorist organization but experts believe that's unconstitutional. CNN. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）.
Seurth, Jessica. What is Antifa?. CNN. 2017-08-14 [2017-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-17）.
Stelter, Brian. Police called after left-wing activists descend on Fox host Tucker Carlson's home. CNN. 2018-11-08 [2018-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-08）.
Cohen, Zachary. Whistleblower accuses Trump appointees of downplaying Russian interference and White supremacist threat. CNN. 2020-09-09 [2020-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-10）.
Treene, Alayna; Judd, Donald; Liptak, Kevin. Trump says he’s designating Antifa as a terrorist organization. CNN. 2025-09-18 [2025-09-18] （英语）.
Trump says he's designating Antifa as a terrorist organization. CNN. 2025-09-17 [2025-09-18].

edition.cnn.com

Unmasking the leftist Antifa movement. CNN. 2017-08-17 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-02）.
Stelter, Brian. Tucker Carlson claimed his door was 'cracked' by Antifa protesters. The police saw no sign of that.. CNN. 2018-11-17 [2020-06-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-07）. The group defended its decision to show up at Carlson's home. They believe Carlson supports and promotes a white nationalist agenda on Fox News, a charge Carlson denies.
Vazquez, Maegan. Trump unveils 'Platinum Plan' for Black Americans. CNN. 2020-10-07 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-26）.

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053^rd place; Chinese: 1,824^th place)

Antifa. CollinsDictionary.com. [2019-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-21）.

communemag.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Gittlitz, A. M. Anti-Anti-Antifa. Commune. 2018-12-06 [2019-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-26）.

congress.gov (Global: 730^th place; Chinese: 1,463^rd place)

crsreports.congress.gov

Sacco, Lisa N. Are Antifa Members Domestic Terrorists? Background on Antifa and Federal Classification of Their Actions InFocus IF10839. Congressional Research Service. 2020-06-09 [2020-09-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）.

csis.org (Global: 2,367^th place; Chinese: 2,723^rd place)

Jones, Seth G. Who Are Antifa, and Are They a Threat?. Center for Strategic and International Studies. 2020-06-04 [2020-09-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-02）.

dailydot.com (Global: 998^th place; Chinese: 1,532^nd place)

Fake 'antifa' campaign telling people to 'punch white women' is a 4chan hoax. The Daily Dot. 2017-08-24 [2019-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-09-20）.

democracynow.org (Global: 3,745^th place; Chinese: 7,103^rd place)

The Red Cross Won't Save Houston. Texas Residents Are Launching Community Relief Efforts Instead. Democracy Now!. 2017-08-30 [2017-09-02]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-02）.
Blackmon, Traci; Goodman, Amy; West, Cornel. Cornel West & Rev. Traci Blackmon: Clergy in Charlottesville Were Trapped by Torch-Wielding Nazis. Democracy Now!. 2017-08-14 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-17）.

democraticleader.gov (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Pelosi, Nancy. Pelosi Statement Condemning Antifa Violence in Berkeley (新闻稿). The Office of Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi. 2017-08-29 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-29）.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Chinese: 23^rd place)

LaFree, Gary. Is Antifa a Terrorist Group?. Society. 2018, 55 (3): 248–252. ISSN 1936-4725. doi:10.1007/s12115-018-0246-x. In general, antifa falls on the less structured side of this continuum. It is not a highly organized entity. It has not persisted over time. There is little evidence of a chain of command or a stable leadership structure. To this point in time antifa seems to be more of a movement than a group.
Jaccoud, Lachlan; Molnar, Lorena; Aebi, Marcelo F. Antifa's Political Violence on Twitter: a Grounded Theory Approach. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. September 2023, 29 (3): 495–513. ISSN 0928-1371. doi:10.1007/s10610-023-09558-6 .
Perliger, Lauren R.; Shapiro, Arie. Terrorism: Domestic. Maras, Marie-Helen; Sweeney, Matthew M. (编). Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management. New York: Springer International Publishing: 1–9. 2018. ISBN 978-3-319-69891-5. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69891-5_250-1. [...] Antifa, a far-left anti-fascist movement. [...] The American Far Left includes 'groups or individuals that embrace anticapitalist, Communist, or Socialist doctrines and [seek] to bring about change through violent revolution' (Department of Homeland Security 2009, p. 6).
Alizadeh, Meysam; Weber, Ingmar; Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio; Fortunato, Santo; Macy, Michael. Psychology and morality of political extremists: evidence from Twitter language analysis of alt-right and Antifa. EPJ Data Science. 2019, 8 (1): 17. ISSN 2193-1127. doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-019-0193-9. [...] during 2016 and 2017, far-left movements in the U.S. such as Antifa were actively engaging in violent actions attacking alt-right demonstrators [...]. While the antifascist movements seemed to be disappeared with the end of WWII, they are on rise in the United States and Europe, in part due to the growth of neo-Nazism (LaFree, Arlow).
Vysotsky, Stanislav. American Antifa: The Tactics, Culture, and Practice of Militant Antifascism. London: Routledge. 2020. ISBN 978-0-429-26517-4. doi:10.4324/9780429265174. Since the election of President Trump and the rise in racism and white supremacist activity, the militant anti-fascist movement known as antifa has become increasingly active and high profile in the United States.
LaFree, Gary. Is Antifa a Terrorist Group?. Society. 2018, 55 (3): 248–252. doi:10.1007/s12115-018-0246-x.

dw.com (Global: 204^th place; Chinese: 124^th place)

Sobhan, Shakeel. Trump labels Antifa as 'domestic terrorist organization'. Deutsche Welle. 2025-09-23 [2025-09-23].

economist.com (Global: 254^th place; Chinese: 330^th place)

What is Antifa?. The Economist. 2017-07-29 [2017-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-17）.

fbi.gov (Global: 881^st place; Chinese: 1,292^nd place)

Wray, Christopher A. FBI Director Christopher Wray's Remarks at Press Conference Regarding Civil Unrest in Wake of George Floyd's Death (新闻稿). Federal Bureau of Investigation. 2020-06-04 [2020-06-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.

forbes.com (Global: 54^th place; Chinese: 88^th place)

Cohen, Seth. More Than Juneteenth? What's In Trump’s $500 Billion 'Platinum Plan' For Black America. Forbes. [2020-09-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-25）.

foxnews.com (Global: 152^nd place; Chinese: 440^th place)

Kaplan, Talia. Ted Cruz: Rioting cannot be tolerated, this is 'terrorist assault' on America. Fox News. 2020-06-02 [2020-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-07）.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; Chinese: 657^th place)

Qiu, Linda. Trump's Lawyers Repeated Inaccurate Claims in Impeachment Trial. The New York Times. 2021-02-13. （原始内容存档于2021-12-28）.

globalnews.ca (Global: 985^th place; Chinese: 2,186^th place)

Antifa activist didn't beat cop in Charlottesville (Faked image has been around for years). Global News. 2017-08-19 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.

go.com (Global: 48^th place; Chinese: 146^th place)

abcnews.go.com

Mallin, Alexander. What is antifa? Behind the group Trump wants to designate as a terrorist organization. ABC News. 2020-06-03 [2020-06-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-07）.
Mallin, Alexander. Evidence that antifa, 'foreign actors' involved in sowing unrest and violence: AG Barr. ABC News. 2020-06-04 [2020-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-04）.

gq.com (Global: 568^th place; Chinese: 1,570^th place)

Chiel, Ethan. Right Wing Publications Can't Stop Getting Duped By Fake Antifa Accounts. GQ. 2017-08-22 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.

heinonline.org (Global: 3,322^nd place; Chinese: 6,894^th place)

Duran, Celinet. Far-Left versus Far-Right Fatal Violence: An Empirical Assessment of the Prevalence of Ideologically Motivated Homicides in the United States. Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society. 2021, 22: 1.

house.gov (Global: 529^th place; Chinese: 1,280^th place)

intelligence.house.gov

Murphy, Brian. In the Matter of Murphy, Brian Principal Deputy Under Secretary Department of Homeland Security Office of Intelligence & Analysis Complaint (PDF). United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. 2020-09-08 [2020-09-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-09）.

houstonchronicle.com (Global: 1,607^th place; Chinese: 5,799^th place)

Wallace, Jeremy. Ted Cruz says Antifa protesters are 'behaving like bigots'. Houston Chronicle. 2020-06-02 [2020-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-07）.

ijoc.org (Global: low place; Chinese: 8,564^th place)

Klein, Adam. From Twitter to Charlottesville: Analyzing the Fighting Words Between the Alt-Right and Antifa. International Journal of Communication. 2019, 13: 22 [2020-11-19]. ISSN 1932-8036. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）. This present climate of partisan tribalism has given rise to new actors and factions representing the far ends of the political spectrum. [...] On the far left, Antifa represents a fast-growing crusade designed to confront all forms of fascism, principally the aforementioned groups but also, at times, law enforcement. Antifa has no single spokesperson but rather presents its movement as a collective of nameless vigilantes, typically outfitted in concealing masks and black combat gear, ready for battle.
Xu, Weiai Wayne. Mapping Connective Actions in the Global Alt-Right and Antifa Counterpublics. International Journal of Communication (Los Angeles: USC Annenberg Press). 2020, 14: 22 [2020-11-19]. ISSN 1932-8036. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.

independent.co.uk (Global: 36^th place; Chinese: 153^rd place)

Smith, Lydia. Hurricane Harvey: Antifa are on the ground in Texas helping flooding relief efforts. The Independent. 2017-08-31 [2017-09-02]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-04）.
Mindock, Clark. Antifa group shares link to list of 1,600 ICE employees alongside photos, locations, and job titles. The Independent. 2018-06-22 [2018-07-04]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-04）.
Oppenheim, Maya. Noam Chomsky: Antifa is a 'major gift to the right'. The Independent. 2017-08-22 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-25）.
Massie, Graeme. Donald Trump hints he could fire FBI director over Antifa disagreement. The Independent. 2020-09-18 [2020-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-19）.
Graziosi, Graig. Rudy Giuliani says Black Lives Matter 'wants to come and take your house away from you' in Fox News rant. The Independent. 2020-06-23 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-11）.

itsgoingdown.org (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Anti Fascist News; Ross, Alexander Reid. Responding to the Fascist Creep: An Interview With Alexander Reid Ross – It's Going Down. It's Going Down. 2017-01-23 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-18）.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; Chinese: 113^th place)

Copsey, Nigel; Merrill, Samuel. Violence and Restraint within Antifa: A View from the United States. Perspectives on Terrorism. 2020, 14 (6): 122–138. ISSN 2334-3745. JSTOR 26964730.
Cannistraro, Philip V. Luigi Antonini and the Italian Anti-Fascist Movement in the United States, 1940–1943. Journal of American Ethnic History. 1985, 5 (1): 21–40. ISSN 0278-5927. JSTOR 27500414.

jta.org (Global: 1,757^th place; Chinese: 3,449^th place)

Sales, Ben. What you need to know about antifa, the group that fought white supremacists in Charlottesville. Jewish Telegraph Agency. 2017-08-16 [2017-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-26）.

justice.gov (Global: 918^th place; Chinese: 1,784^th place)

Attorney General William P. Barr's Statement on Riots and Domestic Terrorism (新闻稿). United States Department of Justice. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-31）.

kansascity.com (Global: 1,651^st place; Chinese: 6,350^th place)

Davis, Mark. KC police disarm antifa groups, others at Washington Square rally. Kansas City Star. 2017-09-09 [2019-07-27]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-27）.

kgw.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Gordon, Tim. Here's what antifa is and its connection to Portland. KGW. NBC. 2020-10-01 [2020-10-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-02）.

lareviewofbooks.org (Global: 4,846^th place; Chinese: low place)

Bray, Mark; Sycamore, Mattilda Bernstein. Anti-Fascism Beyond the Headlines: Mattilda Bernstein Sycamore Interviews Mark Bray. Los Angeles Review of Books. 2017-12-11 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-18）.

latimes.com (Global: 22^nd place; Chinese: 110^th place)

John, Paige St.; Queally, James. 'Antifa' violence in Berkeley spurs soul-searching within leftist activist community. Los Angeles Times. 2017-08-29 [2017-09-02]. ISSN 0458-3035. （原始内容存档于2017-09-02）.
Queally, James; St. John, Paige; Oreskes, Benjamin; Zahniser, David. Counter-demonstrators vastly out number Trump supporters at Berkeley rally. Los Angeles Times. 2017-08-27 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-18）.

lawandcrime.com (Global: 9,323^rd place; Chinese: low place)

Proud Boys Spent Weeks Planning the U.S. Capitol Siege; Leader Ethan Nordean Poses a 'Serious Risk of Flight': Prosecutors. 2021-02-06 [2021-02-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-12）.

lemonde.fr (Global: 83^rd place; Chinese: 1,055^th place)

Trump signs order designating Antifa as a 'domestic terrorist' group. Le Monde. 2025-09-23 [2025-09-23] （英语）.

masslive.com (Global: 2,719^th place; Chinese: 5,173^rd place)

Glaun, Dan. Fake Boston Antifa group, which claimed credit for anti-racism banner at Red Sox game, is actually run by right wing trolls. The Republican. 2017-09-14 [2019-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-14）.

mediaite.com (Global: 3,894^th place; Chinese: low place)

Nieto, Phillip. Trump Campaign Sends Alarming Text to Supporters. Mediaite. 2020-06-13 [2020-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17）.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; Chinese: 356^th place)

Words We're Watching: 'Antifa'. Merriam-Webster. 2017 [2018-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-03-14）.

motherjones.com (Global: 2,008^th place; Chinese: 3,294^th place)

Enzinna, Wes. Inside the Underground Anti-Racist Movement That Brings the Fight to White Supremacists. Mother Jones. 2017-04-27 [2020-09-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-11）.

nbcbayarea.com (Global: 6,487^th place; Chinese: 5,922^nd place)

Campos, Robert; Carroll, Jeremy; Guyen, Vicky; Jaworski, Jonathan; Jewett, Chris; Rutanashoodech, Tony. An Inside Look at the Antifa Movement. KNTV. 2017-09-27 [2017-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-14）. NBC Bay Area sat down with several militant Antifa protesters [...].

nbcnews.com (Global: 137^th place; Chinese: 538^th place)

Antifa violence is ethical? This author explains why. NBC News. [2021-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-15）.
Antifa group chants outside Fox commentator Tucker Carlson's home. NBC News. [2018-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-26）.
Stelloh, Tim. Florida 'antifa hunter' sentenced to three years after threatening Black political candidate, activist. NBC News. 2020-09-01 [2020-09-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-01）.
McCausland, Phil. Attorney General Barr blames 'far-left extremist groups' for violent protests. NBC News. 2020-05-30 [2020-05-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-10）.
Smith, Allan. Trump says he will designate antifa a terrorist organization as GOP points fingers at extremists. NBC News. 2020-05-31 [2020-05-31]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-29）.
Trump says he will designate antifa a terrorist organization as GOP points fingers at extremists. NBC News. 2020-05-31 [2020-05-31]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-29）.
Collins, Ben. Trump's 'plane loaded with thugs' conspiracy theory matches months-old rumor. NBC News. 2020-09-01 [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-12）.
Collins, Ben; Zadrozny, Brandy. False antifa rumors about a suburban invasion take over neighborhood social media apps. NBC News. 2020-06-02 [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-12）.
Collins, Ben; Zadrozny, Brandy. In Klamath Falls, Oregon, victory declared over antifa, which never showed up. NBC News. 2020-06-06 [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-12）.
Collins, Ben; Zadrozny, Brandy; Saliba, Emmanuelle. White nationalist group posing as antifa called for violence on Twitter. NBC News. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）.
見：
- Zadrozny, Brandy; Collins, Ben. Trump loyalists push evidence-free claims that antifa activists fueled mob. NBC News. 2021-01-07 [2021-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.
- Zadrozny, Brandy. Trump loyalists push evidence-free claims that antifa activists fueled mob. NBC News. 2021-01-06 [2021-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.

ncri.io (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Donohue, John K.; Farmer, John; Finkelstein, Joel; Goldenberg, Alex; Jussim, Lee; Paresky, Pamela; Stevens, Sean. Network-Enabled Anarchy: How Militant Anarcho-Socialist Networks Use Social Media to Instigate Widespread Violence Against Political Opponents and Law Enforcement. Network Contagion Research Institute. 2020-09-14 [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-16）.

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Porter, Tom. Who are the alt-right leaders and provocateurs addressing the Charlottesville white nationalist rally?. Newsweek. 2017-08-12 [2017-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-13）.
Porter, Tom. Berkeley's mayor wants antifa to be classified as a gang. Newsweek. 2017-08-29 [2017-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-29）.
Hayden, Michael Edison. 'Antifa' Waging Civil War on November 4, According to Right Wing Conspiracy. Newsweek. 2017-10-11 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-27）.
Hayden, Michael Edison. 'Antifa Civil War' on November 4 Was Really Just a Few Protests Against Trump. Newsweek. 2017-11-04 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-20）.

njhomelandsecurity.gov (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Anarchist Extremists: Antifa. New Jersey Office of Homeland Security and Preparedness. 2017-06-12 [2017-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-27）.
2019 Terrorism Threat Assessment. New Jersey Office of Homeland Security and Preparedness. 2019 [2019-07-18]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-11）.

npr.org (Global: 92^nd place; Chinese: 352^nd place)

Mann, Brian. Trump Supporter: 'He Called For Unity, I Never Saw Obama Call For Unity'. NPR. 2017-08-14 [2017-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-15）.
Bowman, Emma. Scattered Violence Erupts at Large, Left-Wing Berkeley Rally. NPR. 2017-08-28 [2017-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-28）.
Trump Lays Blame For Clashes On 'Radical-Left Anarchists'. NPR. 2020-05-31 [2020-05-31]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-29）.
Lucas, Ryan. No Sign Of Antifa So Far In Justice Department Cases Brought Over Unrest. NPR. 2020-06-09 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）.

nymag.com (Global: 346^th place; Chinese: 930^th place)

Feldman, Brian. How to Spot a Fake Antifa Account. New York. 2017-08-21 [2019-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-14）.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; Chinese: 31^st place)

引文出處見Sanger, David. Trump Downplays Violence on the Right and Says the Left Is the Problem. The New York Times. 2025-09-12 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-14）.
Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas. What Is Antifa? Explaining the Movement to Confront the Far Right. The New York Times. 2019-07-02 [2019-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-24）.
Feuer, Alan; Goldman, Adam; MacFarquhar, Neil. Federal Arrests Show No Sign That Antifa Plotted Protests. The New York Times. 2020-06-11 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-13）. Despite claims by President Trump and Attorney General William P. Barr, there is scant evidence that loosely organized anti-fascists are a significant player in protests. [...] A review of the arrests of dozens of people on federal charges reveals no known effort by antifa to perpetrate a coordinated campaign of violence. Some criminal complaints described vague, anti-government political leanings among suspects, but a majority of the violent acts that have taken place at protests have been attributed by federal prosecutors to individuals with no affiliation to any particular group.
Haberman, Maggie; Savage, Charlie. Trump, Lacking Clear Authority, Says U.S. Will Declare Antifa a Terrorist Group. The New York Times. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）.
Savage, Charlie. Justice Dept. Demands Data on Visitors to Anti-Trump Website, Sparking Fight. The New York Times. 2017-08-16 [2017-08-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-16）.
Fuller, Thomas; Feuer, Alan; Kovaleski, Serge F. 'Antifa' Grows as Left-Wing Faction Set to, Literally, Fight the Far Right. The New York Times. 2017-08-17 [2017-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-06）. [...] the diverse collection of anarchists, communists and socialists has found common cause in opposing right-wing extremists and white supremacists.
Beale, Andrew; Kehrt, Sonner. Behind Berkeley's Semester of Hate. The New York Times. 2017-08-04 [2017-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-06）.
Bowles, Nellie. Abolish the Police? Those Who Survived the Chaos in Seattle Aren't So Sure. The New York Times. 2020-08-07 [2020-08-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-09）.
Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas; Garcia, Sandra E. What Is Antifa, the Movement Trump Wants to Declare a Terror Group?. The New York Times. 2020-09-28 [2020-10-01]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-24）. One of the first groups in the United States to use the name was Rose City Antifa, which says it was founded in 2007 in Portland.
Qiu, Linda. Trump Asks, 'What About the Alt-Left?' Here's an Answer. The New York Times. 2017-08-15 [2017-08-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-16）.
Paulas, Rick. What to Wear to Smash the State. The New York Times. 2017-11-29 [2018-08-09]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-06）.
Roose, Kevin. The Alt-Right Finds a New Enemy in Silicon Valley. The New York Times. 2017-08-09 [2017-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-30）.
Haberman, Maggie; Savage, Charlie. Trump, Lacking Clear Authority, Says U.S. Will Declare Antifa a Terrorist Group. The New York Times. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）. First, antifa is not an organization. It does not have a leader, membership roles or any defined, centralized structure. Rather, it is a vaguely defined movement of people who share common protest tactics and targets. More important, even if antifa were a real organization, the laws that permit the federal government to deem entities terrorists and impose sanctions on them are limited to foreign groups. There is no domestic terrorism law, despite periodic proposals to create one.
Can Trump Actually Designate Antifa a Terrorist Group? Here Are the Facts. The New York Times. 2025-09-18 [2025-09-18].
Alba, Davey. Misinformation About George Floyd Protests Surges on Social Media. The New York Times. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.
Alba, Davey; Decker, Ben. 41 Cities, Many Sources: How False Antifa Rumors Spread Locally. The New York Times. 2020-06-22 [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-23）.
Qiu, Linda. Trump's Lawyers Repeated Inaccurate Claims in Impeachment Trial. The New York Times. 2021-02-13. （原始内容存档于2021-12-28）.
Alba, Davey. F.B.I. says there is no evidence antifa participated in storming the Capitol.. The New York Times. 2021-01-08 [2021-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-09）.
Michael M. Grynbaum, Davey Alba, and Reid J. Epstein, How Pro-Trump Forces Pushed a Lie About Antifa at the Capitol Riot, New York Times (March 1, 2021).

ocregister.com (Global: 1,086^th place; Chinese: 2,903^rd place)

Bharath, Deepa. As Nov. 3 election draws near, fears mount of escalating street violence. The Orange County Register. 2020-09-07 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）. 'The Portland incident is an outlier but also a bellwether,' he said. 'Once violence becomes more normalized, it doesn't go back in the shell.' [...] 'You have a perfect storm in this country with a polarized population, a presidential election, a global pandemic that is frustrating and devastating people, and disinformation and conspiracy theories spreading on social media,' he said.

oup.com (Global: 485^th place; Chinese: 489^th place)

languages.oup.com

Word of the Year 2017: shortlist. Oxford Languages. Oxford University Press. 2017-12-14 [2019-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-21）.

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Family harassed in Forks after being accused of being members of Antifa. Peninsula Daily News. 2020-06-05 [2020-06-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.

politicalresearch.org (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Sunshine, Spencer. Rumors of Civil War. Political Research Associates. 2017-10-31 [2010-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-02）.

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Nguyen, Tina. How 'antifa' became a Trump catch-all. Politico. 2020-06-02 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）.
Swan, Betsy Woodruff. DHS draft document: White supremacists are greatest terror threat. Politico. 2020-09-04 [2020-09-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-04）.
Meyer, Josh. FBI, Homeland Security warn of more 'antifa' attacks. Politico. 2017-09-01 [2017-09-01]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-01）. Federal authorities have been warning state and local officials since early 2016 that leftist extremists known as 'antifa' had become increasingly confrontational and dangerous, so much so that the Department of Homeland Security formally classified their activities as 'domestic terrorist violence', according to interviews and confidential law enforcement documents obtained by POLITICO.
White House 'antifa' petition written by pro-Trump troll. Politico. 2017-04-27 [2019-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-03）.
Niedzwiadek, Nick. Trump hits FBI director again over testimony on antifa, Russia. Politico. 2020-09-18 [2020-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-27）.
Pellish, Aaron. Trump says he will label antifa as a terrorist organization. Politico. 2025-09-17 [2025-09-18].
Pellish, Aaron. Trump issues promised 'terrorist organization' designation for antifa. Politico. 2025-09-22 [2025-09-23].
Misinformation Is the New Normal of Mass Shootings. Politico. 2017-10-02 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-12）.

politifact.com (Global: 3,208^th place; Chinese: 7,644^th place)

O'Rourke, Clara. No, the FBI didn't confirm antifa activists breached the Capitol. PolitiFact. 2021-01-08 [2021-06-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-07）.

portlandmercury.com (Global: 9,854^th place; Chinese: low place)

Brown, Doug. 82nd Avenue of the Roses Parade Cancelled after Threats of Political Protests, Violence. The Portland Mercury. 2017-04-25 [2017-08-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-02）.

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; Chinese: 81^st place)

Fact check: Joe Biden has condemned Antifa, violent protests. Reuters. 2020-10-16 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-21）.
Wolfe, Jan. U.S. Attorney General Barr says antifa 'flying around' U.S. to incite violence. Reuters. 2020-09-03 [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-10）.
Trump designates anti-fascist Antifa movement as a terrorist organization. Reuters. 2025-09-18 [2025-09-18].

rollingstone.com (Global: 47^th place; Chinese: 296^th place)

Feuer, Alan. Antifa on Trial: How a College Professor Joined the Left's Radical Ranks. Rolling Stone. 2018-05-15 [2019-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-07）.

salon.com (Global: 456^th place; Chinese: 1,212^th place)

Devega, Chauncey. There's a legacy of people resisting white supremacy in the US. Antifa is not new. Salon. 2017-07-20 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-06）.
Bernd, Candice. Antifa and leftists organize mutual aid and rescue networks in Houston. Salon. 2017-09-07 [2018-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-30）.
Maldonado, Alessandra. Antifa '#PunchWhiteWomen' campaign revealed as 4Chan hoax. Salon. 2017-08-24 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-31）. Reportedly, 'alt-right' activists have been using masked Twitter accounts and doctored photos of battered women to run a smear campaign against the antifa movement

scholasticahq.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

ccjls.scholasticahq.com

Duran, Celinet. Far-left versus Far-right Fatal Violence: An Empirical Assessment of the Prevalence of Ideologically Motivated Homicides in the United States (PDF). Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society. 2021-07-26, 22 (2): 8 (Figure 2) [2025-09-23]. ISSN 2332-886X. （原始内容存档于2025-09-11）.

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Deputies investigate after family on camping trip harassed. 2020-06-05 [2020-06-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.

slate.com (Global: 259^th place; Chinese: 738^th place)

Lithwick, Dahlia. Yes, What About the 'Alt-Left'?. Slate. 2017-08-16 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-09）.
Kang, Inkoo. Antifa Is Clickbait for Conspiracy Theorists. Slate. 2017-11-03 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-01）.
Mak, Aaron. Why the Far Right Thinks a Second U.S. Civil War Launches Saturday. Slate. 2017-11-03 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-31）.

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LaCapria, Kim. Is ‘Antifa’ Planning a Civil War?. Snopes. 2017-11-03 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-25）.
Is This 'Antifa Manual' Real?. Snopes. 2017-08-21 [2021-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-26）.

splcenter.org (Global: 2,003^rd place; Chinese: 4,782^nd place)

Designating Antifa as Domestic Terrorist Organization Is Dangerous, Threatens Civil Liberties. Southern Poverty Law Center. 2020-06-02 [2020-09-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-04）.

squarespace.com (Global: 2,953^rd place; Chinese: 7,308^th place)

static1.squarespace.com

Kivland, Chelsey. A Defense of the Charlottesville Counter-Protesters (PDF). Anthropology News 58 (5). 2017: 94–99. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-01-07）.

standard.co.uk (Global: 238^th place; Chinese: 1,132^nd place)

Luckhurst, Phoebe. Who is Milo Yiannopoulos? Everything you need to know about Donald Trump's alt-Right poster boy. London Evening Standard. 2016-11-25 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-06）.

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Mulder, Brandon. Fact-check: Did antifa storm Capitol Hill?. Austin American-Statesman. 2021-01-08 [2022-12-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-15）（美国英语）.

tagesschau.de (Global: 884^th place; Chinese: 7,951^st place)

Proteste in den USA: Die 'Antifa-Soros-Verschwörung' [Protests in the US: The 'Antifa-Soros Conspiracy']. Tagesschau. 2020-07-29 [2021-03-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-18）（德语）.

theatlantic.com (Global: 228^th place; Chinese: 597^th place)

Beinart, Peter. The Rise of the Violent Left. The Atalntic. 2017-09-06 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-13）.
Criticism:
- Beinart, Peter. What Trump Gets Wrong About Antifa. The Atlantic. 2017-08-16 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-21）. As I argued in my essay, some of their tactics are genuinely troubling. They're troubling tactically because conservatives use antifa's violence to justify—or at least distract from—the violence of white supremacists, as Trump did in his press conference. They're troubling strategically because they allow white supremacists to depict themselves as victims being denied the right to freely assemble. And they're troubling morally because antifa activists really do infringe upon that right.
- Friedersdorf, Conor. Distinguishing Between Antifa, the KKK, and Black Lives Matter. The Atlantic. 2017-08-31 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-12）.
- Beinart, Peter. Conservatives Conjure Up Liberal Support for Antifa Violence. The Atlantic (Washington, D.C.: Emerson Collective). 2019-07-04 [2020-06-01]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-16）.
- Beinart, Peter. What Trump Gets Wrong About Antifa. The Atlantic. 2017-08-16 [2017-08-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-21）.
- Coppins, McKay. The far right's day in Boston. The Atlantic. 2017-08-19 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-31）.

thebattleground.eu (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

Sunshine, Spencer. Blaming it on Antifa: Trump's Crisis Scapegoats. The Battleground. 2020-06-05 [2020-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-23）.

theconversation.com (Global: 928^th place; Chinese: 1,898^th place)

詳細分析見Jipson, Art; Becker, Paul J. Right-wing extremist violence is more frequent and more deadly than left-wing violence − what the data shows. The Conversation. 2025-09-17 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-18）.

thedailybeast.com (Global: 330^th place; Chinese: 895^th place)

Baragona, Justin; Sommer, Will. Lara Logan, the Fox 'Investigative Journalist' Who Keeps Falling for Antifa Hoaxes. The Daily Beast. 2020-06-11 [2020-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-14）.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; Chinese: 60^th place)

Beckett, Lois. Anti-fascists linked to zero murders in the US in 25 years. The Guardian. 2020-07-27 [2020-07-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-27）.
Flood, Alison. Antifa: the Anti-fascist Handbook. The Guardian. 2017-08-22 [2017-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-04）. What Trump said made the book seem even more urgent. Rushed into print after the US president said there were 'fine people on both sides' of the Charlottesville clashes, Mark Bray's guide provides tactics for those hoping to 'defeat the resurgent far right.'
Smith, David. Trump paints himself as the real victim of Charlottesville in angry speech. The Guardian. 2017-08-23 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-10）.
Wilson, Jacon. The alt-right is in decline. Has antifascist activism worked?. The Guardian. 2018-03-19 [2020-10-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-27）.
White House refuses to address petition calling on Trump to release tax returns. Associated Press. 2018-02-26 [2018-12-15]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-15） –通过The Guardian.
Beckett, Lois. White supremacists behind majority of US domestic terror attacks in 2020. The Guardian. 2020-10-22 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-16）.
Wilson, Jason. What is antifa and why is Donald Trump targeting it?. The Guardian. 2020-06-06 [2020-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-06）.
Wilson, Jason. Why the far right believes a US civil war will start on Saturday. The Guardian. 2017-11-01 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-30）.
Wilson, Jason. Rightwing vigilantes on armed patrol after fake rumours of antifa threat. The Guardian. 2020-06-06 [2020-06-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-06）.

thehill.com (Global: 476^th place; Chinese: 1,277^th place)

Balluck, Kyle. Fox News Twitter account dark for days due to Tucker Carlson home threats. The Hill. 2018-11-12 [2018-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-13）.
Samuels, Brett; Chalfant, Morgan. Trump mobilizes military in DC to quell protests as tear gas fired into crowds. The Hill. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-15）.
Concha, Joe. Laura Ingraham proposes declaring antifa a 'terrorist organization'. The Hill. 2017-08-29 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-30）.
Gstalter, Morgan. Family camping in Washington harassed by locals, accused of being antifa members. The Hill. 2020-06-05 [2020-06-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.

theintercept.com (Global: 2,523^rd place; Chinese: 3,383^rd place)

Lennard, Natasha. 'Alt-Right' Icon Richard Spencer Made the Case for Antifa. The Intercept. 2018-03-17 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-27）.

thenation.com (Global: 2,088^th place; Chinese: 3,020^th place)

Holland, Joshua. Antifa Has Richard Spencer on the Run. Does That Vindicate Its Tactics?. The Nation. 2018-03-21 [2020-10-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-26）.
Lennard, Natasha. Anti-Fascists Will Fight Trump's Fascism in the Streets. The Nation. 2017-01-19 [2020-09-09]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-15）.
Lennard, Natasha. Anti-Fascists Will Fight Trump's Fascism in the Streets. The Nation. 2017-01-19 [2017-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-15）.
Klippenstein, Ken. The FBI Finds 'No Intel Indicating Antifa Involvement' in Sunday's Violence. The Nation. 2020-06-02 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-03）.

theverge.com (Global: 114^th place; Chinese: 276^th place)

Robertson, Adi. The White House is answering online petitions again, but does it still matter?. The Verge. Vox Media. 2018-03-20 [2019-04-01]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-01）.

thinkprogress.org (Global: 6,968^th place; Chinese: low place)

Pyke, Alan. I was at the protest outside Tucker Carlson's house. Here's what actually happened.. ThinkProgress. 2018-11-09 [2018-11-15]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-15）.

time.com (Global: 61^st place; Chinese: 145^th place)

出自對加图研究所的2025年研究結果分析，見Schneid, Rebecca. Trump Called for a Crackdown on the 'Radical Left.' But Right-Wing Extremists Are Responsible for More Political Violence. Time. 2025-09-16 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-18）. 。引述的數據集出處為Nowrasteh, Alex. Politically Motivated Violence Is Rare in the United States. Cato Institute. 2025-09-11 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-17）. Table 2.
Steinmetz, Katy. What Is Antifa? Anti-Fascist Protesters Draw Attention After Charlottesville. Time. 2017-08-14 [2019-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-21）.

upenn.edu (Global: 702^nd place; Chinese: 1,153^rd place)

languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu

Liberman, Mark. Ask Language Log: How to pronounce "Antifa"?. Language Log. 2017-08-20 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-23）.
Liberman, Mark. Ask Language Log: How to pronounce "Antifa"?. Language Log. 2017-08-20 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-23）.

usatoday.com (Global: 41^st place; Chinese: 182^nd place)

usatoday.com

May, Ashley. Antifa protesters chant outside Fox's Tucker Carlson's home, break door. USA Today. 2018-11-08 [2018-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-08）.
Bajak, Aleszu. How the antifa conspiracy theory traveled from the fringe to the floor of Congress. USA Today. 2021-01-12 [2021-06-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-16）.

eu.usatoday.com

Bajak, Aleszu; Zarracina, Javier. How the antifa conspiracy theory traveled from the fringe to the floor of Congress. USA Today. 2021-01-13 [2021-02-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-18）.

vice.com (Global: 175^th place; Chinese: 714^th place)

A Fake Antifa Account Was 'Busted' for Tweeting from Russia. Vice News. 2017-09-28 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.
Mallett, Whitney. California Anti-Fascists Want Racists and the Trump Administration to Be Afraid. Vice News. 2017-05-10 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-04）.

voachinese.com (Global: 2,382^nd place; Chinese: 72^nd place)

安提法是什么组织？. 美国之音. 2020-06-17 [2020-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-03）.

voanews.com (Global: 581^st place; Chinese: 387^th place)

Farivar, Masood. Anarchist Groups Tied to Riots in 4 US Cities. Voice of America. 2020-09-16 [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17）.
As Trump Blames Antifa, Protest Records Show Scant Evidence. Associated Press. 2020-06-06 [2020-06-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-09） –通过Voice of America. The Associated Press analyzed court records, employment histories, social media posts and other sources of information for 217 people arrested last weekend [...] only a handful appeared to have any affiliation with organized groups. [...] Social media posts indicate only a few of those arrested are left-leaning activists, including a self-described anarchist. But others had indications of being on the political right, including some Trump supporters.
Farivar, Masood. Antifa Protester Implicated in Killing of Trump Supporter in Oregon. Voice of America. 2020-09-01 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-23）.
False Claims of Antifa Protesters Plague Small US Cities. Voice of America. 2020-06-04 [2020-06-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-09）.

vox.com (Global: 484^th place; Chinese: 976^th place)

Beauchamp, Zack. Antifa, explained. Vox. 2020-08-06 [2020-06-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）.
Illing, Sean. 'They have no allegiance to liberal democracy': an expert on antifa explains the group. Vox. 2017-08-25 [2017-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-28）.
Lopez, German. The case against antifa. Vox. 2017-08-29 [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-11）.
Beauchamp, Zack. Antifa, explained. Vox. 2020-06-08 [2020-11-19]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）. Take, for example, Trump's repeated vows to label antifa a terrorist organization.
Beauchamp, Zack. Antifa, explained. Vox. 2020-06-08 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）. Take, for example, Trump's repeated vows to label antifa a terrorist organization. He cannot do this legally: The federal government maintains a list of foreign terrorist organizations (FTOs) [...]. There is no such thing as a domestic terrorism designation, and it would require an act by Congress to create one. The president's proposal is, legally speaking, impossible.
Romano, Aja. After the Las Vegas shooting, 4chan and propagandists spread fake news. Vox. 2017-10-05 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.
Demsas, Jerusalem. The far right is falsely blaming antifa for the pro-Trump insurrection on Capitol Hill. Vox. 2021-01-07 [2021-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.

warontherocks.com (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

安提法目標：
- Clarke, Colin; Kenney, Michael. What Antifa Is, What It Isn't, and Why It Matters. War on the Rocks. 2020-06-23 [2020-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）. [...] Antifa, a highly decentralized movement of anti-racists who seek to combat neo-Nazis, white supremacists, and far-right extremists whom Antifa's followers consider 'fascist' [...].
- Clarke, Colin; Kenney, Michael. What Antifa Is, What It Isn't, and Why It Matters. War on the Rocks. 2020-06-23 [2020-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）.

washingtonpost.com (Global: 34^th place; Chinese: 129^th place)

Bray, Mark. Who are the antifa?. The Washington Post. 2017-08-16 [2017-11-10]. ISSN 0190-8286. （原始内容存档于2020-05-22）.
Peiser, Jaclyn. 'Their tactics are fascistic': Barr slams Black Lives Matter, accuses the left of 'tearing down the system'. The Washington Post. 2020-08-10 [2020-08-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-10）.
Bray, Mark. Antifa isn't the problem. Trump's bluster is a distraction from police violence. The Washington Post. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-03）.
Miller, Michael E. Antifa: Guardians against fascism or lawless thrill-seekers?. The Washington Post. 2017-09-14 [2017-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-14）. It was a call to arms for militant anti-fascists, or 'antifa' – and Hines was heeding it.
Hawkins, Derek. A Dartmouth antifa expert was disavowed by his college president for 'supporting violent protest,' angering many faculty. The Washington Post. 2017-08-29 [2020-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-03）.
Lozada, Carlos. The history, theory and contradictions of antifa. The Washington Post. 2017-09-01 [2017-09-01]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-01）.
Bray, Mark. Five myths about antifa. The Washington Post. 2020-09-11 [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17）.
Swenson, Kyle. Black-clad antifa attack peaceful right wing demonstrators in Berkeley. The Washington Post. 2017-08-28 [2017-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-29）.
Mettler, Katie. Portland rose parade canceled after 'antifascists' threaten GOP marchers. The Washington Post. 2017-04-27 [2017-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-17）.
Bauer, Shane. Pro-Trump group cancels San Francisco rally as hundreds of counterprotesters march on the streets. The Washington Post. 2017-08-25 [2018-07-04]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-17）.
Chiu, Allyson. 'They were threatening me and my family': Tucker Carlson's home targeted by protesters. The Washington Post. 2018-11-08 [2018-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-11）.
Svrluga, Susan. 'Antifa is winning': Richard Spencer rethinks his college tour after violent protests. The Washington Post. 2018-03-12 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-28）.
Wray claims FBI sees 'anarchists like Antifa' exploiting George Floyd protests. The Washington Post. 2020-06-04 [2020-09-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-13）.
Lati, Marisa. Antifa resolution: Cruz, Cassidy call anti-fascists 'domestic terrorists'. The Washington Post. 2019-07-20 [2020-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-22）.
Alemany, Jacqueline; Klemko, Robert; Zapotosky, Matt. In Trump's campaign against antifa, observers see an attempt to distract from protesters' genuine outrage. The Washington Post. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-13）. Trump cannot, for practical and legal reasons, formally designate antifa a terrorist organization [...]. Although Trump vowed Sunday to designate antifa a terrorist organization, legal observers say it is impossible for him to do so with any domestic group.
Kelly, Meg; Samuels, Elyse. Who caused the violence at protests? It wasn't antifa.. The Washington Post. 2020-06-22 [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-22）.
Barrett, Devlin; Itkowitz, Colby. Trump suggests he'd consider removing FBI director over unfavorable testimony. The Washington Post. 2020-09-19 [2020-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-20）.
What the law says as Trump tries to designate 'antifa' a terrorist group. The Washington Post. 2025-09-18 [2025-09-18].
Bump, Philip. Analysis | Half of Republicans say that the Capitol violence was mostly antifa's fault. The Washington Post. [2021-02-19]. ISSN 0190-8286. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）（美国英语）.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; Chinese: 1^st place)

引文出處見Sanger, David. Trump Downplays Violence on the Right and Says the Left Is the Problem. The New York Times. 2025-09-12 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-14）.
出自對加图研究所的2025年研究結果分析，見Schneid, Rebecca. Trump Called for a Crackdown on the 'Radical Left.' But Right-Wing Extremists Are Responsible for More Political Violence. Time. 2025-09-16 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-18）. 。引述的數據集出處為Nowrasteh, Alex. Politically Motivated Violence Is Rare in the United States. Cato Institute. 2025-09-11 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-17）. Table 2.
詳細分析見Jipson, Art; Becker, Paul J. Right-wing extremist violence is more frequent and more deadly than left-wing violence − what the data shows. The Conversation. 2025-09-17 [2025-09-23]. （原始内容存档于2025-09-18）.
Liberman, Mark. Ask Language Log: How to pronounce "Antifa"?. Language Log. 2017-08-20 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-23）.
安提法是什么组织？. 美国之音. 2020-06-17 [2020-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-03）.
Klein, Adam. From Twitter to Charlottesville: Analyzing the Fighting Words Between the Alt-Right and Antifa. International Journal of Communication. 2019, 13: 22 [2020-11-19]. ISSN 1932-8036. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）. This present climate of partisan tribalism has given rise to new actors and factions representing the far ends of the political spectrum. [...] On the far left, Antifa represents a fast-growing crusade designed to confront all forms of fascism, principally the aforementioned groups but also, at times, law enforcement. Antifa has no single spokesperson but rather presents its movement as a collective of nameless vigilantes, typically outfitted in concealing masks and black combat gear, ready for battle.
Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas. What Is Antifa? Explaining the Movement to Confront the Far Right. The New York Times. 2019-07-02 [2019-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-24）.
Gordon, Tim. Here's what antifa is and its connection to Portland. KGW. NBC. 2020-10-01 [2020-10-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-02）.
Beauchamp, Zack. Antifa, explained. Vox. 2020-08-06 [2020-06-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）.
Sacco, Lisa N. Are Antifa Members Domestic Terrorists? Background on Antifa and Federal Classification of Their Actions InFocus IF10839. Congressional Research Service. 2020-06-09 [2020-09-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）.
安提法目標：
- Clarke, Colin; Kenney, Michael. What Antifa Is, What It Isn't, and Why It Matters. War on the Rocks. 2020-06-23 [2020-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-24）. [...] Antifa, a highly decentralized movement of anti-racists who seek to combat neo-Nazis, white supremacists, and far-right extremists whom Antifa's followers consider 'fascist' [...].
- Beinart, Peter. The Rise of the Violent Left. The Atalntic. 2017-09-06 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-13）.
- Illing, Sean. 'They have no allegiance to liberal democracy': an expert on antifa explains the group. Vox. 2017-08-25 [2017-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-28）.
- Bray, Mark. Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook. New York: Melville House. 2017: 54 [2022-08-20]. ISBN 978-1-61219-703-6. （原始内容存档于2021-03-07）.
- Antifa violence is ethical? This author explains why. NBC News. [2021-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-15）.
- Criticism:
  - Beinart, Peter. What Trump Gets Wrong About Antifa. The Atlantic. 2017-08-16 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-21）. As I argued in my essay, some of their tactics are genuinely troubling. They're troubling tactically because conservatives use antifa's violence to justify—or at least distract from—the violence of white supremacists, as Trump did in his press conference. They're troubling strategically because they allow white supremacists to depict themselves as victims being denied the right to freely assemble. And they're troubling morally because antifa activists really do infringe upon that right.
  - Nguyen, Tina. How 'antifa' became a Trump catch-all. Politico. 2020-06-02 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-11）.
  - Galofaro, Claire; Kunzelman, Michael. Trump, social media, right-wing news stir up antifa scares. Associated Press. 2020-09-23 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.
  - Bray, Mark; Sycamore, Mattilda Bernstein. Anti-Fascism Beyond the Headlines: Mattilda Bernstein Sycamore Interviews Mark Bray. Los Angeles Review of Books. 2017-12-11 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-18）.
  - Kivland, Chelsey. A Defense of the Charlottesville Counter-Protesters (PDF). Anthropology News 58 (5). 2017: 94–99. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-01-07）.
  - Beckett, Lois. Anti-fascists linked to zero murders in the US in 25 years. The Guardian. 2020-07-27 [2020-07-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-27）.
  - Vysotsky, Stanislav. 2. American Antifa: The Tactics, Culture, and Practice of Militant Antifascism. Routledge. 2020 [2022-10-24]. ISBN 978-0-367-21057-1. （原始内容存档于2023-02-13） –通过Google Books.
  - Bray, Mark. Who are the antifa?. The Washington Post. 2017-08-16 [2017-11-10]. ISSN 0190-8286. （原始内容存档于2020-05-22）.
  - Chiel, Ethan. Right Wing Publications Can't Stop Getting Duped By Fake Antifa Accounts. GQ. 2017-08-22 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.
  - Far-right smear campaign against Antifa exposed by Bellingcat. BBC News. 2017-08-24 [2017-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-24）.
  - A Fake Antifa Account Was 'Busted' for Tweeting from Russia. Vice News. 2017-09-28 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.
  - Feldman, Brian. How to Spot a Fake Antifa Account. New York. 2017-08-21 [2019-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-14）.
  - Glaun, Dan. Fake Boston Antifa group, which claimed credit for anti-racism banner at Red Sox game, is actually run by right wing trolls. The Republican. 2017-09-14 [2019-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-14）.
  - Feuer, Alan; Goldman, Adam; MacFarquhar, Neil. Federal Arrests Show No Sign That Antifa Plotted Protests. The New York Times. 2020-06-11 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-13）. Despite claims by President Trump and Attorney General William P. Barr, there is scant evidence that loosely organized anti-fascists are a significant player in protests. [...] A review of the arrests of dozens of people on federal charges reveals no known effort by antifa to perpetrate a coordinated campaign of violence. Some criminal complaints described vague, anti-government political leanings among suspects, but a majority of the violent acts that have taken place at protests have been attributed by federal prosecutors to individuals with no affiliation to any particular group.
  - Peiser, Jaclyn. 'Their tactics are fascistic': Barr slams Black Lives Matter, accuses the left of 'tearing down the system'. The Washington Post. 2020-08-10 [2020-08-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-10）.
  - Haberman, Maggie; Savage, Charlie. Trump, Lacking Clear Authority, Says U.S. Will Declare Antifa a Terrorist Group. The New York Times. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）.
  - Perez, Evan; Hoffman, Jason. Trump tweets Antifa will be labeled a terrorist organization but experts believe that's unconstitutional. CNN. 2020-05-31 [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）.
  - Bray, Mark. Antifa isn't the problem. Trump's bluster is a distraction from police violence. The Washington Post. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-03）.
  - Swan, Betsy Woodruff. DHS draft document: White supremacists are greatest terror threat. Politico. 2020-09-04 [2020-09-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-04）.
  - Words We're Watching: 'Antifa'. Merriam-Webster. 2017 [2018-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2018-03-14）.
  - Word of the Year 2017: shortlist. Oxford Languages. Oxford University Press. 2017-12-14 [2019-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-21）.
  - Antifa. CollinsDictionary.com. [2019-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-21）.
  - Liberman, Mark. Ask Language Log: How to pronounce "Antifa"?. Language Log. 2017-08-20 [2020-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-23）.
  - Who are the Antifa?. Anti-Defamation League. 2017 [2019-07-02]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-01）.
  - Friedersdorf, Conor. Distinguishing Between Antifa, the KKK, and Black Lives Matter. The Atlantic. 2017-08-31 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-12）.
  - Cammeron, Brenna. Antifa: Left-wing militants on the rise. BBC News. 2017-08-14 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-21）. Antifa is anti-government and anti-capitalist, and their methodologies are often perceived as more closely aligned with anarchists than the mainstream left.
  - What is Antifa?. The Economist. 2017-07-29 [2017-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-17）.
  - Cammeron, Brenna. Antifa: Left-wing militants on the rise. BBC News. 2017-08-14 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-21）.
  - Unmasking the leftist Antifa movement. CNN. 2017-08-17 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-02）.
  - Xu, Weiai Wayne. Mapping Connective Actions in the Global Alt-Right and Antifa Counterpublics. International Journal of Communication (Los Angeles: USC Annenberg Press). 2020, 14: 22 [2020-11-19]. ISSN 1932-8036. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.
  - Savage, Charlie. Justice Dept. Demands Data on Visitors to Anti-Trump Website, Sparking Fight. The New York Times. 2017-08-16 [2017-08-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-16）.
  - Miller, Michael E. Antifa: Guardians against fascism or lawless thrill-seekers?. The Washington Post. 2017-09-14 [2017-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-14）. It was a call to arms for militant anti-fascists, or 'antifa' – and Hines was heeding it.
  - Campos, Robert; Carroll, Jeremy; Guyen, Vicky; Jaworski, Jonathan; Jewett, Chris; Rutanashoodech, Tony. An Inside Look at the Antifa Movement. KNTV. 2017-09-27 [2017-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-14）. NBC Bay Area sat down with several militant Antifa protesters [...].
  - Hawkins, Derek. A Dartmouth antifa expert was disavowed by his college president for 'supporting violent protest,' angering many faculty. The Washington Post. 2017-08-29 [2020-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-03）.
  - Fuller, Thomas; Feuer, Alan; Kovaleski, Serge F. 'Antifa' Grows as Left-Wing Faction Set to, Literally, Fight the Far Right. The New York Times. 2017-08-17 [2017-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-06）. [...] the diverse collection of anarchists, communists and socialists has found common cause in opposing right-wing extremists and white supremacists.
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  - Bharath, Deepa. As Nov. 3 election draws near, fears mount of escalating street violence. The Orange County Register. 2020-09-07 [2020-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）. 'The Portland incident is an outlier but also a bellwether,' he said. 'Once violence becomes more normalized, it doesn't go back in the shell.' [...] 'You have a perfect storm in this country with a polarized population, a presidential election, a global pandemic that is frustrating and devastating people, and disinformation and conspiracy theories spreading on social media,' he said.
  - Donohue, John K.; Farmer, John; Finkelstein, Joel; Goldenberg, Alex; Jussim, Lee; Paresky, Pamela; Stevens, Sean. Network-Enabled Anarchy: How Militant Anarcho-Socialist Networks Use Social Media to Instigate Widespread Violence Against Political Opponents and Law Enforcement. Network Contagion Research Institute. 2020-09-14 [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-16）.
  - Concha, Joe. Laura Ingraham proposes declaring antifa a 'terrorist organization'. The Hill. 2017-08-29 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-30）.
  - Alba, Davey. Misinformation About George Floyd Protests Surges on Social Media. The New York Times. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.
  - Sunshine, Spencer. Blaming it on Antifa: Trump's Crisis Scapegoats. The Battleground. 2020-06-05 [2020-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-23）.
  - Wilson, Jason. What is antifa and why is Donald Trump targeting it?. The Guardian. 2020-06-06 [2020-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-06）.
  - Nieto, Phillip. Trump Campaign Sends Alarming Text to Supporters. Mediaite. 2020-06-13 [2020-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17）.
  - Maldonado, Alessandra. Antifa '#PunchWhiteWomen' campaign revealed as 4Chan hoax. Salon. 2017-08-24 [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-31）. Reportedly, 'alt-right' activists have been using masked Twitter accounts and doctored photos of battered women to run a smear campaign against the antifa movement
  - Fake 'antifa' campaign telling people to 'punch white women' is a 4chan hoax. The Daily Dot. 2017-08-24 [2019-08-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-09-20）.
  - Antifa activist didn't beat cop in Charlottesville (Faked image has been around for years). Global News. 2017-08-19 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.
  - Romano, Aja. After the Las Vegas shooting, 4chan and propagandists spread fake news. Vox. 2017-10-05 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-11）.
  - Misinformation Is the New Normal of Mass Shootings. Politico. 2017-10-02 [2018-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-12）.
  - Wilson, Jason. Why the far right believes a US civil war will start on Saturday. The Guardian. 2017-11-01 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-30）.
  - Hayden, Michael Edison. 'Antifa' Waging Civil War on November 4, According to Right Wing Conspiracy. Newsweek. 2017-10-11 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-27）.
  - Sunshine, Spencer. Rumors of Civil War. Political Research Associates. 2017-10-31 [2010-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-02）.
  - Kang, Inkoo. Antifa Is Clickbait for Conspiracy Theorists. Slate. 2017-11-03 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-01）.
  - LaCapria, Kim. Is ‘Antifa’ Planning a Civil War?. Snopes. 2017-11-03 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-25）.
  - Mak, Aaron. Why the Far Right Thinks a Second U.S. Civil War Launches Saturday. Slate. 2017-11-03 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-31）.
  - Hayden, Michael Edison. 'Antifa Civil War' on November 4 Was Really Just a Few Protests Against Trump. Newsweek. 2017-11-04 [2020-10-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-20）.
  - Is This 'Antifa Manual' Real?. Snopes. 2017-08-21 [2021-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-26）.
  - Disinformation: Antifa manual. Anti-Defamation League. [2021-03-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-06）.
  - Proteste in den USA: Die 'Antifa-Soros-Verschwörung' [Protests in the US: The 'Antifa-Soros Conspiracy']. Tagesschau. 2020-07-29 [2021-03-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-18）（德语）.
  - Alba, Davey; Decker, Ben. 41 Cities, Many Sources: How False Antifa Rumors Spread Locally. The New York Times. 2020-06-22 [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-23）.
  - Collins, Ben; Zadrozny, Brandy; Saliba, Emmanuelle. White nationalist group posing as antifa called for violence on Twitter. NBC News. 2020-06-01 [2020-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-02）.
  - False Claims of Antifa Protesters Plague Small US Cities. Voice of America. 2020-06-04 [2020-06-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-09）.
  - Baragona, Justin; Sommer, Will. Lara Logan, the Fox 'Investigative Journalist' Who Keeps Falling for Antifa Hoaxes. The Daily Beast. 2020-06-11 [2020-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-14）.
  - Graziosi, Graig. Rudy Giuliani says Black Lives Matter 'wants to come and take your house away from you' in Fox News rant. The Independent. 2020-06-23 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-11）.
  - Family harassed in Forks after being accused of being members of Antifa. Peninsula Daily News. 2020-06-05 [2020-06-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.
  - Deputies investigate after family on camping trip harassed. 2020-06-05 [2020-06-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.
  - Gstalter, Morgan. Family camping in Washington harassed by locals, accused of being antifa members. The Hill. 2020-06-05 [2020-06-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.
  - Wilson, Jason. Rightwing vigilantes on armed patrol after fake rumours of antifa threat. The Guardian. 2020-06-06 [2020-06-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-06）.
  - Syeed, Nafeesa. Pro-Russian Bots Sharpen Online Attacks for 2018 U.S. Vote. Bloomberg News. 2017-09-01 [2017-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-17）.
  - 見：
    - Zadrozny, Brandy; Collins, Ben. Trump loyalists push evidence-free claims that antifa activists fueled mob. NBC News. 2021-01-07 [2021-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.
    - Demsas, Jerusalem. The far right is falsely blaming antifa for the pro-Trump insurrection on Capitol Hill. Vox. 2021-01-07 [2021-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.
    - Bajak, Aleszu; Zarracina, Javier. How the antifa conspiracy theory traveled from the fringe to the floor of Congress. USA Today. 2021-01-13 [2021-02-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-18）.
    - Zitser, Joshua. Far-right group Proud Boys claim they will attend January 6 DC rally 'incognito' and wear all-black to blend in with antifa protesters. Business Insider (Insider Inc.). 2021-01-03 [2021-01-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-12）.
    - Proud Boys Spent Weeks Planning the U.S. Capitol Siege; Leader Ethan Nordean Poses a 'Serious Risk of Flight': Prosecutors. 2021-02-06 [2021-02-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-12）.
    - Mulder, Brandon. Fact-check: Did antifa storm Capitol Hill?. Austin American-Statesman. 2021-01-08 [2022-12-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-15）（美国英语）.
    - Alba, Davey. F.B.I. says there is no evidence antifa participated in storming the Capitol.. The New York Times. 2021-01-08 [2021-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-09）.
    - Zadrozny, Brandy. Trump loyalists push evidence-free claims that antifa activists fueled mob. NBC News. 2021-01-06 [2021-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-07）.
    - Bajak, Aleszu. How the antifa conspiracy theory traveled from the fringe to the floor of Congress. USA Today. 2021-01-12 [2021-06-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-16）.
    - O'Rourke, Clara. No, the FBI didn't confirm antifa activists breached the Capitol. PolitiFact. 2021-01-08 [2021-06-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-07）.
    - After the ballots are counted: Conspiracies, political violence, and American exceptionalism. The Survey Center on American Life. 2021-02-11 [2021-02-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-18）（英语）.
    - Bump, Philip. Analysis | Half of Republicans say that the Capitol violence was mostly antifa's fault. The Washington Post. [2021-02-19]. ISSN 0190-8286. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）（美国英语）.

whitehouse.gov (Global: 1,241^st place; Chinese: 1,171^st place)

行政命令內容見Trump, Donald. Designating Antifa as a Domestic Terrorist Organization. The White House. 2025-09-22 [2025-09-22].
Trump, Donald. DESIGNATING ANTIFA AS A DOMESTIC TERRORIST ORGANIZATION. White House. United States Federal Government. 2025-09-22 [2025-09-22].

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; Chinese: 12^th place)

LaFree, Gary. Is Antifa a Terrorist Group?. Society. 2018, 55 (3): 248–252. ISSN 1936-4725. doi:10.1007/s12115-018-0246-x. In general, antifa falls on the less structured side of this continuum. It is not a highly organized entity. It has not persisted over time. There is little evidence of a chain of command or a stable leadership structure. To this point in time antifa seems to be more of a movement than a group.
Klein, Adam. From Twitter to Charlottesville: Analyzing the Fighting Words Between the Alt-Right and Antifa. International Journal of Communication. 2019, 13: 22 [2020-11-19]. ISSN 1932-8036. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）. This present climate of partisan tribalism has given rise to new actors and factions representing the far ends of the political spectrum. [...] On the far left, Antifa represents a fast-growing crusade designed to confront all forms of fascism, principally the aforementioned groups but also, at times, law enforcement. Antifa has no single spokesperson but rather presents its movement as a collective of nameless vigilantes, typically outfitted in concealing masks and black combat gear, ready for battle.
Jaccoud, Lachlan; Molnar, Lorena; Aebi, Marcelo F. Antifa's Political Violence on Twitter: a Grounded Theory Approach. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. September 2023, 29 (3): 495–513. ISSN 0928-1371. doi:10.1007/s10610-023-09558-6 .
Bray, Mark. Who are the antifa?. The Washington Post. 2017-08-16 [2017-11-10]. ISSN 0190-8286. （原始内容存档于2020-05-22）.
Copsey, Nigel; Merrill, Samuel. Violence and Restraint within Antifa: A View from the United States. Perspectives on Terrorism. 2020, 14 (6): 122–138. ISSN 2334-3745. JSTOR 26964730.
Alizadeh, Meysam; Weber, Ingmar; Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio; Fortunato, Santo; Macy, Michael. Psychology and morality of political extremists: evidence from Twitter language analysis of alt-right and Antifa. EPJ Data Science. 2019, 8 (1): 17. ISSN 2193-1127. doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-019-0193-9. [...] during 2016 and 2017, far-left movements in the U.S. such as Antifa were actively engaging in violent actions attacking alt-right demonstrators [...]. While the antifascist movements seemed to be disappeared with the end of WWII, they are on rise in the United States and Europe, in part due to the growth of neo-Nazism (LaFree, Arlow).
Xu, Weiai Wayne. Mapping Connective Actions in the Global Alt-Right and Antifa Counterpublics. International Journal of Communication (Los Angeles: USC Annenberg Press). 2020, 14: 22 [2020-11-19]. ISSN 1932-8036. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.
Cannistraro, Philip V. Luigi Antonini and the Italian Anti-Fascist Movement in the United States, 1940–1943. Journal of American Ethnic History. 1985, 5 (1): 21–40. ISSN 0278-5927. JSTOR 27500414.
John, Paige St.; Queally, James. 'Antifa' violence in Berkeley spurs soul-searching within leftist activist community. Los Angeles Times. 2017-08-29 [2017-09-02]. ISSN 0458-3035. （原始内容存档于2017-09-02）.
Duran, Celinet. Far-left versus Far-right Fatal Violence: An Empirical Assessment of the Prevalence of Ideologically Motivated Homicides in the United States (PDF). Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society. 2021-07-26, 22 (2): 8 (Figure 2) [2025-09-23]. ISSN 2332-886X. （原始内容存档于2025-09-11）.
Bump, Philip. Analysis | Half of Republicans say that the Capitol violence was mostly antifa's fault. The Washington Post. [2021-02-19]. ISSN 0190-8286. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14）（美国英语）.

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Levy, Rachel. What Is Antifa?. The Wall Street Journal. （原始内容存档于2020-09-02）.

反法西斯 (美国) (Chinese Wikipedia)

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