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日本人 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "日本人" in Chinese language version.

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  • Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge, Volume 2. "The Mongolid (Tungid and north Sinid) strain of the prehistoric Japanese must, to a large extent, be attributed to arrivals from Korea by way of the Tsushima straits, attested to by finds of clay vessels with pointed bottoms and with roller-stamped décor such as were made at Sobatu (north Kyushu)." Encyclopædia Britannica, 1964, p. 264.
  • Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge, Volume 2. "The Mongolid (Tungid and north Sinid) strain of the prehistoric Japanese must, to a large extent, be attributed to arrivals from Korea by way of the Tsushima straits, attested to by finds of clay vessels with pointed bottoms and with roller-stamped décor such as were made at Sobatu (north Kyushu)." Encyclopædia Britannica, 1964, p. 264.

google.com.my (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

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  • Matsumoto, Hideo (2009). The origin of the Japanese race based on genetic markers of immunoglobulin G （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. "Gm gene composition of the Mongoloid Populations dispersed over broad areas of Asia and North and South America are regarded as Mongoloid characterized by 4 Gm genes, i.e., Gm ag, axg, ab3st, and afblb3. Of particular note are the geno-clines, which are observed for the 2 northern Gm ag and ab3st genes, and the southern Gm afb1b3 gene, in Asia and America. Based on our Gm data, the degree of genetic differentiation between the Mongoloid populations was approximated for our Gm data by using the fixation index (Fst ) of Wright.20) The calculations indicated that the degree of genetic differentiation among the Mongoloid populations concerned was very great and almost equivalent to those of the worldwide differentiation for the Rh and Duffy systems reported by Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer.21) Furthermore, these results may provide evidence that the differences in Gm gene frequencies, particularly those for Gm ag, ab3st, and afb1b3, are due to factors such as natural selection and gene flow (one gene permeating into another race or nation crossing over the barrier between them from some race or nation) rather than random genetic drift. Thus, it can be inferred from such geographical differences in frequencies of the 3 genes that 2 distinctive Mongoloid populations existed among the paleo-Mongoloid of East Asia in the past. As shown in Fig. 2, the Mongoloid was divided into northern and southern groups. A clear geno-cline was found for the Gm ab3st gene, which is a marker gene for the northern Mongoloid. Namely, the Gm ab3st gene is found at the highest frequencies in the Baikal area, and then flows regularly to the Mongol, Tibetan, Yakut, Olunchun, Tungus, Korean, Japanese, and Ainu still at high frequencies; although the gene frequency decreased markedly from mainland China to Taiwan and Southeast Asia, and from North to South America. The center of dispersal of this Gm gene is considered to be in the Baikal area. On the basis of these Gm findings, the Japanese belong basically to the northern Mongoloid and originated most likely in the Baikal area."
  • Matsumoto, Hideo (2009). The origin of the Japanese race based on genetic markers of immunoglobulin G （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. "This review addresses the distribution of genetic markers of immunoglobulin G (Gm) among 130 Mongoloid populations in the world. These markers allowed the populations to be clearly divided into 2 groups, the northern and southern groups. The northern group is characterized by high frequencies of 2 marker genes, ag and ab3st, and an extremely low frequency of the marker gene afb1b3; and the southern group, in contrast, is indicated by a remarkably high frequency of afb1b3 and low frequencies of ag and ab3st. Based on the geographical distribution of the markers and gene flow of Gm ag and ab3st (northern Mongoloid marker genes) from northeast Asia to the Japanese archipelago, the Japanese population belongs basically to the northern Mongoloid group and is thus suggested to have originated in northeast Asia, most likely in the Baikal area of Siberia."
  • Yang MA, Fan X, Sun B, Chen C, Lang J, Ko YC, et al. Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China. Science. July 2020, 369 (6501): 282–288. PMID 32409524. doi:10.1126/science.aba0909. 
  • Nonaka, I.; Minaguchi, K.; Takezaki, N. Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms. Annals of Human Genetics. 2007, 71 (4): 480–495. ISSN 1469-1809. PMID 17274803. S2CID 1041367. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00343.x. hdl:10130/491 可免费查阅. 
  • Kutanan, Wibhu; Chakraborty, Ranajit; Eisenberg, Arthur; Sun, Jie; Chantawannakul, Panuwan; Ghirotto, Silvia; Pittayaporn, Pittayawat; Srikummool, Metawee; Srithawong, Suparat. Genetic and linguistic correlation of the Kra–Dai-speaking groups in Thailand. Journal of Human Genetics. July 2015, 60 (7): 371–380. ISSN 1435-232X. PMID 25833471. S2CID 21509343. doi:10.1038/jhg.2015.32. 
  • Nonaka, I.; Minaguchi, K.; Takezaki, N. Y-chromosomal binary haplogroups in the Japanese population and their relationship to 16 Y-STR polymorphisms. Annals of Human Genetics. 2007-07, 71 (Pt 4): 480–495. ISSN 0003-4800. PMID 17274803. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00343.x. 
  • Michael F Hammer; Tatiana M Karafet; Hwayong Park; Keiichi Omoto; Shinji Harihara; Mark Stoneking; Satoshi Horai. Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes. Journal of Human Genetics. 2006, 51 (1): 47 – 58. PMID 16328082. doi:10.1007/s10038-005-0322-0. 
  • Tajima, Atsushi; Hayami, Masanori; Tokunaga, Katsushi; Juji, Takeo; Matsuo, Masafumi; Marzuki, Sangkot; Omoto, Keiichi; Horai, Satoshi. Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages. Journal of Human Genetics. 2004, 49 (4): 187–193. ISSN 1434-5161. PMID 14997363. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0131-x. 
  • Tambets, Kristiina et al. 2004, The Western and Eastern Roots of the Saami—the Story of Genetic “Outliers” Told by Mitochondrial DNA and Y Chromosomes PMC 1181943可免费查阅
  • Lell, Jeffrey T. et al. 2001-2002, The Dual Origin and Siberian Affinities of Native American Y Chromosomes PMC 384887可免费查阅

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

pnas.org (Global: 1,411th place; Chinese: 890th place)

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stat.go.jp (Global: 3,555th place; Chinese: 4,096th place)

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web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; Chinese: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; Chinese: 4th place)