碳 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "碳" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

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48web.archive.org

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41doi.org

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16harvard.edu

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10nih.gov

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aip.org

Schewe, Phil and Stein, Ben. Carbon Nanofoam is the World's First Pure Carbon Magnet. Physics News Update. 2004-03-26, 678 (1) [2013-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-07）.

archive.org

Mark, Kathleen. Meteorite Craters. University of Arizona Press. 1987. ISBN 0-8165-0902-6.
Bowman, S. Interpreting the past: Radiocarbon dating. British Museum Press. 1990. ISBN 0-7141-2047-2.
Whittet, D. C. B. Dust in the Galactic Environment. CRC Press. 2003: 45–46. ISBN 0-7503-0624-6.
Smith, T. M.; Cramer, W. P.; Dixon, R. K.; Leemans, R.; Neilson, R. P.; Solomon, A. M. The global terrestrial carbon cycle. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 1993, 70: 19–37. doi:10.1007/BF01104986.
Pauling, L. The Nature of the Chemical Bond 3rd. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 1960: 93. ISBN 0-8014-0333-2.
Giolitti, Federico. The Cementation of Iron and Steel. McGraw-Hill Book Company, inc. 1914.
Cantwell, W. J.; Morton, J. The impact resistance of composite materials – a review. Composites. 1991, 22 (5): 347–62. doi:10.1016/0010-4361(91)90549-V.
Holtzapffel, Ch. Turning And Mechanical Manipulation. Charles Holtzapffel. 1856 [2013-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-20）. Internet Archive （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Coelho, R. T.; Yamada, S.; Aspinwall, D.K.; Wise, M.L.H. The application of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool materials when drilling and reaming aluminum-based alloys including MMC. International journal of machine tools & manufacture. 1995, 35 (5): 761. doi:10.1016/0890-6955(95)93044-7.
Harris, D. C. Materials for infrared windows and domes: properties and performance. SPIE Press. 1999: 303–334. ISBN 0-8194-3482-5.

asu.edu

invsee.asu.edu

World of Carbon – Interactive Nano-visulisation in Science & Engineering Education (IN-VSEE). [2008-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-05）.

bain.com

存档副本 (PDF). [2020-08-20]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-08-20）.

barwinski.net

Use query for carbon-8. barwinski.net. [2007-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2005-02-07）.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Ocean methane stocks 'overstated' （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, BBC, 17 Feb. 2004.
Chinese made first use of diamond. BBC News. 2005-05-17 [2007-03-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-03-20）.

bipm.org

Official SI Unit definitions. [2007-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-10-14）.

bmj.com

oem.bmj.com

Donaldson, K; Stone, V; Clouter, A; Renwick, L; MacNee, W. Ultrafine particles. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2001, 58 (3): 211–216 [2013-07-29]. PMC 1740105 . PMID 11171936. doi:10.1136/oem.58.3.211. （原始内容存档于2009-05-01）.

books.google.com

Delhaes, P. Graphite and Precursors. CRC Press. 2001. ISBN 90-5699-228-7.
Heimann, Robert Bertram; Evsyukov, Sergey E. and Kavan, Ladislav. Carbyne and carbynoid structures. Springer. 1999-02-28: 1– [2011-06-06]. ISBN 978-0-7923-5323-2. （原始内容存档于2012-11-23）.
Jenkins, Edgar. The polymorphism of elements and compounds. Taylor & Francis. 1973: 30 [2011-05-01]. ISBN 0-423-87500-0. （原始内容存档于2012-11-23）.
Pikelʹner, Solomon Borisovich. Star formation. Springer. 1977: 38– [2011-06-06]. ISBN 978-90-277-0796-3. （原始内容存档于2012-11-23）.
Holtzapffel, Ch. Turning And Mechanical Manipulation. Charles Holtzapffel. 1856 [2013-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-20）. Internet Archive （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

canadaconnects.ca

Carbon. Canada Connects. [2010-12-07]. （原始内容存档于2010-10-27）.

carleton.edu

acad.carleton.edu

Carbon-14 formation. [2013-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2015-08-01）.

cern.ch

lbruno.home.cern.ch

Zazula, J. M. On Graphite Transformations at High Temperature and Pressure Induced by Absorption of the LHC Beam (PDF). CERN. 1997 [2009-06-06]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2009-03-25）.

daviddarling.info

Biological Abundance of Elements. The Internet Encyclopedia of Science. [2008-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2012-02-04）.

degruyter.com

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英语）.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英语）.
Haaland, D. Graphite-liquid-vapor triple point pressure and the density of liquid carbon. Carbon. 1976, 14 (6): 357. doi:10.1016/0008-6223(76)90010-5.
Savvatimskiy, A. Measurements of the melting point of graphite and the properties of liquid carbon (a review for 1963–2003). Carbon. 2005, 43 (6): 1115. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2004.12.027.
Greenville Whittaker, A. The controversial carbon solid−liquid−vapour triple point. Nature. 1978, 276 (5689): 695–696. Bibcode:1978Natur.276..695W. doi:10.1038/276695a0.
Lee, C.; Wei, X.; Kysar, J. W.; Hone, J. Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene. Science. 2008, 321 (5887): 385–8. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..385L. PMID 18635798. doi:10.1126/science.1157996. 简明摘要.
Irifune, Tetsuo; Kurio, Ayako; Sakamoto, Shizue; Inoue, Toru; Sumiya, Hitoshi. Materials: Ultrahard polycrystalline diamond from graphite. Nature. 2003, 421 (6923): 599–600. PMID 12571587. doi:10.1038/421599b.
Dienwiebel, Martin; Verhoeven, Gertjan; Pradeep, Namboodiri; Frenken, Joost; Heimberg, Jennifer; Zandbergen, Henny. Superlubricity of Graphite (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 2004, 92 (12) [2013-07-29]. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.126101. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-12-24）.
Collins, A.T. The Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconducting Diamond. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 1993, 342 (1664): 233–244. Bibcode:1993RSPTA.342..233C. doi:10.1098/rsta.1993.0017.
Deprez, N.; McLachan, D. S. The analysis of the electrical conductivity of graphite conductivity of graphite powders during compaction. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics (Institute of Physics). 1988, 21 (1): 101. Bibcode:1988JPhD...21..101D. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/21/1/015.
Nasibulin, Albert G.; Pikhitsa, P.V.; Jiang, H.; Brown, D. P.; Krasheninnikov, A.V.; Anisimov, A. S.; Queipo, P.; Moisala, A.; et al. A novel hybrid carbon material. Nature Nanotechnology. 2007, 2 (3): 156–161. Bibcode:2007NatNa...2..156N. PMID 18654245. doi:10.1038/nnano.2007.37.
Nasibulin, A; Anisimov, Anton S.; Pikhitsa, Peter V.; Jiang, Hua; Brown, David P.; Choi, Mansoo; Kauppinen, Esko I. Investigations of NanoBud formation. Chemical Physics Letters. 2007, 446: 109–114. Bibcode:2007CPL...446..109N. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2007.08.050.
Vieira, R; Ledoux, Marc-Jacques; Pham-Huu, Cuong. Synthesis and characterisation of carbon nanofibers with macroscopic shaping formed by catalytic decomposition of C₂H₆/H₂ over nickel catalyst. Applied Catalysis A. 2004, 274: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.04.008.
Clifford, Frondel; Marvin, Ursula B. Lonsdaleite, a new hexagonal polymorph of diamond. Nature. 1967, 214 (5088): 587–589. Bibcode:1967Natur.214..587F. doi:10.1038/214587a0.
Harris, PJF. Fullerene-related structure of commercial glassy carbons (PDF). Philosophical Magazine. 2004, 84 (29): 3159–3167. Bibcode:2004PMag...84.3159H. doi:10.1080/14786430410001720363. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-03-19）.
Rode, A. V.; Hyde, S. T.; Gamaly, E. G.; Elliman, R. G.; McKenzie, D. R.; Bulcock, S. Structural analysis of a carbon foam formed by high pulse-rate laser ablation. Applied Physics A-Materials Science & Processing. 1999, 69 (7): S755–S758. doi:10.1007/s003390051522.
Itzhaki, Lior; Altus, Eli; Basch, Harold; Hoz, Shmaryahu. Harder than Diamond: Determining the Cro]tional Area and Young's Modulus of Molecular Rods. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44 (45): 7432–5. PMID 16240306. doi:10.1002/ange.200502448.
Gannes, Leonard Z.; Del Rio, Carlos Martı́nez; Koch, Paul. Natural Abundance Variations in Stable Isotopes and their Potential Uses in Animal Physiological Ecology. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology – Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 1998, 119 (3): 725–737. doi:10.1016/S1095-6433(98)01016-2.
Watson, A. Beaming Into the Dark Corners of the Nuclear Kitchen. Science. 1999, 286 (5437): 28–31 [2013-07-29]. doi:10.1126/science.286.5437.28. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.
Audi, G; Bersillon, O.; Blachot, J.; Wapstra, A.H. The Nubase evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 1997, 624: 1. Bibcode:1997NuPhA.624....1A. doi:10.1016/S0375-9474(97)00482-X. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-09-28）.
Falkowski, P; Scholes, RJ; Boyle, E; Canadell, J; Canfield, D; Elser, J; Gruber, N; Hibbard, K; et al. The Global Carbon Cycle: A Test of Our Knowledge of Earth as a System. Science. 2000, 290 (5490): 291–296. Bibcode:2000Sci...290..291F. PMID 11030643. doi:10.1126/science.290.5490.291.
Smith, T. M.; Cramer, W. P.; Dixon, R. K.; Leemans, R.; Neilson, R. P.; Solomon, A. M. The global terrestrial carbon cycle. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 1993, 70: 19–37. doi:10.1007/BF01104986.
Levine, Joel S.; Augustsson, Tommy R.; Natarajan, Murali. The prebiological paleoatmosphere: stability and composition. Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres. 1982, 12 (3): 245–259. Bibcode:1982OrLi...12..245L. doi:10.1007/BF00926894.
Loerting, T.; et al. On the Surprising Kinetic Stability of Carbonic Acid. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 39 (5): 891–895. PMID 10760883. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(20000303)39:5<891::AID-ANIE891>3.0.CO;2-E.
Gorman, D.; Drewry, A.; Huang, Y. L.; Sames, C. The clinical toxicology of carbon monoxide. Toxicology. 2003, 187 (1): 25–38. PMID 12679050. doi:10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00005-2.
Bayes, K. Photolysis of Carbon Suboxide. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1961, 83 (17): 3712–3713. doi:10.1021/ja01478a033.
Anderson D. J.; Rosenfeld, R. N. Photodissociation of Carbon Suboxide. Journal of Chemical Physics. 1991, 94 (12): 7852–7867. Bibcode:1991JChPh..94.7857A. doi:10.1063/1.460121.
Sabin, J. R.; Kim, H. A theoretical study of the structure and properties of carbon trioxide. Chemical Physics Letters. 1971, 11 (5): 593–597. Bibcode:1971CPL....11..593S. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(71)87010-0.
Moll N. G., Clutter D. R., Thompson W. E. Carbon Trioxide: Its Production, Infrared Spectrum, and Structure Studied in a Matrix of Solid CO₂. Journal of Chemical Physics. 1966, 45 (12): 4469–4481. Bibcode:1966JChPh..45.4469M. doi:10.1063/1.1727526.
Fatiadi, Alexander J.; Isbell, Horace S.; Sager, William F. Cyclic Polyhydroxy Ketones. I. Oxidation Products of Hexahydroxybenzene (Benzenehexol) (PDF). Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards A: Physics and Chemistry. 1963, 67A (2): 153–162. doi:10.6028/jres.067A.015. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009年3月25日）.
Kroto, H. W.; Heath, J. R.; O'Brien, S. C.; Curl, R. F.; Smalley, R. E. C₆₀: Buckminsterfullerene. Nature. 1985, 318 (6042): 162–163. Bibcode:1985Natur.318..162K. doi:10.1038/318162a0.
Janse, A. J. A. Global Rough Diamond Production Since 1870. Gems and Gemology (GIA). 2007, XLIII (Summer 2007): 98–119. doi:10.5741/GEMS.43.2.98.
Cantwell, W. J.; Morton, J. The impact resistance of composite materials – a review. Composites. 1991, 22 (5): 347–62. doi:10.1016/0010-4361(91)90549-V.
Prekob, Ádám; Hajdu, Viktória; Muránszky, Gábor; Kocserha, István; Fiser, Béla; Viskolcz, Béla; Vanyorek, László. Application of carbonized ion exchange resin beads as catalyst support for gas phase hydrogenation processes. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2019-11-02, 129 (1): 85–94. ISSN 1878-5190. doi:10.1007/s11144-019-01694-7.
Sikora, Emőke; Kiss, Adrienn; H. Göndör, Zsuzsa; Pekker, Péter; Kristály, Ferenc; Szőri, Milán; Rágyanszki, Anita; Viskolcz, Béla; Fiser, Béla; Vanyorek, László. Fine-tuning the catalytic activity by applying nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as catalyst supports for the hydrogenation of olefins. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2019-12-14, 129 (1): 95–106. ISSN 1878-5190. doi:10.1007/s11144-019-01705-7.
Pangotra, Dhananjai; Csepei, Lénárd-István; Roth, Arne; Ponce de León, Carlos; Sieber, Volker; Vieira, Luciana. Anodic production of hydrogen peroxide using commercial carbon materials. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental (Elsevier BV). 2022, 303: 120848. ISSN 0926-3373. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120848.
Perry, Samuel C.; Pangotra, Dhananjai; Vieira, Luciana; Csepei, Lénárd-István; Sieber, Volker; Wang, Ling; Ponce de León, Carlos; Walsh, Frank C. Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from water and oxygen. Nature Reviews Chemistry (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2019-06-19, 3 (7): 442–458. ISSN 2397-3358. doi:10.1038/s41570-019-0110-6.
Duan, Weijian; Li, Ge; Lei, Zhenchao; Zhu, Tonghe; Xue, Yuzhou; Wei, Chaohai; Feng, Chunhua. Highly active and durable carbon electrocatalyst for nitrate reduction reaction. Water Research (Elsevier BV). 2019, 161: 126–135. ISSN 0043-1354. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.104.
Coelho, R. T.; Yamada, S.; Aspinwall, D.K.; Wise, M.L.H. The application of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool materials when drilling and reaming aluminum-based alloys including MMC. International journal of machine tools & manufacture. 1995, 35 (5): 761. doi:10.1016/0890-6955(95)93044-7.
Sakamoto, M.; Endriz, J. G.; Scifres, D. R. 120 W CW output power from monolithic AlGaAs (800 nm) laser diode array mounted on diamond heatsink. Electronics Letters. 1992, 28 (2): 197–199. doi:10.1049/el:19920123.
Dorfer, Leopold; Moser, M; Spindler, K; Bahr, F; Egarter-Vigl, E; Dohr, G. 5200-year old acupuncture in Central Europe?. Science. 1998, 282 (5387): 242–243. Bibcode:1998Sci...282..239D. PMID 9841386. doi:10.1126/science.282.5387.239f.
Donaldson, K; Stone, V; Clouter, A; Renwick, L; MacNee, W. Ultrafine particles. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2001, 58 (3): 211–216 [2013-07-29]. PMC 1740105 . PMID 11171936. doi:10.1136/oem.58.3.211. （原始内容存档于2009-05-01）.

fnal.gov

www-d0.fnal.gov

Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2012-01-12., in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

frostburg.edu

antoine.frostburg.edu

Senese, Fred. Who discovered carbon?. Frostburg State University. 2007-09-09 [2007-11-24]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-07）.
Senese, Fred. Who discovered carbon?. Frostburg State University. [2007-11-24]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-07）.

gcrio.org

Kasting, James. The Carbon Cycle, Climate, and the Long-Term Effects of Fossil Fuel Burning. Consequences: the Nature and Implication of Environmental Change. 1998, 4 (1) [2013-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-24）.

gnn.tv

Marshall, Stephen; Shore, Josh. The Diamond Life. Guerrilla News Network. 2004-10-22 [2008-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-09）.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Greenville Whittaker, A. The controversial carbon solid−liquid−vapour triple point. Nature. 1978, 276 (5689): 695–696. Bibcode:1978Natur.276..695W. doi:10.1038/276695a0.
Lee, C.; Wei, X.; Kysar, J. W.; Hone, J. Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene. Science. 2008, 321 (5887): 385–8. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..385L. PMID 18635798. doi:10.1126/science.1157996. 简明摘要.
Collins, A.T. The Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconducting Diamond. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 1993, 342 (1664): 233–244. Bibcode:1993RSPTA.342..233C. doi:10.1098/rsta.1993.0017.
Deprez, N.; McLachan, D. S. The analysis of the electrical conductivity of graphite conductivity of graphite powders during compaction. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics (Institute of Physics). 1988, 21 (1): 101. Bibcode:1988JPhD...21..101D. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/21/1/015.
Nasibulin, Albert G.; Pikhitsa, P.V.; Jiang, H.; Brown, D. P.; Krasheninnikov, A.V.; Anisimov, A. S.; Queipo, P.; Moisala, A.; et al. A novel hybrid carbon material. Nature Nanotechnology. 2007, 2 (3): 156–161. Bibcode:2007NatNa...2..156N. PMID 18654245. doi:10.1038/nnano.2007.37.
Nasibulin, A; Anisimov, Anton S.; Pikhitsa, Peter V.; Jiang, Hua; Brown, David P.; Choi, Mansoo; Kauppinen, Esko I. Investigations of NanoBud formation. Chemical Physics Letters. 2007, 446: 109–114. Bibcode:2007CPL...446..109N. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2007.08.050.
Clifford, Frondel; Marvin, Ursula B. Lonsdaleite, a new hexagonal polymorph of diamond. Nature. 1967, 214 (5088): 587–589. Bibcode:1967Natur.214..587F. doi:10.1038/214587a0.
Harris, PJF. Fullerene-related structure of commercial glassy carbons (PDF). Philosophical Magazine. 2004, 84 (29): 3159–3167. Bibcode:2004PMag...84.3159H. doi:10.1080/14786430410001720363. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-03-19）.
Audi, G; Bersillon, O.; Blachot, J.; Wapstra, A.H. The Nubase evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 1997, 624: 1. Bibcode:1997NuPhA.624....1A. doi:10.1016/S0375-9474(97)00482-X. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-09-28）.
Falkowski, P; Scholes, RJ; Boyle, E; Canadell, J; Canfield, D; Elser, J; Gruber, N; Hibbard, K; et al. The Global Carbon Cycle: A Test of Our Knowledge of Earth as a System. Science. 2000, 290 (5490): 291–296. Bibcode:2000Sci...290..291F. PMID 11030643. doi:10.1126/science.290.5490.291.
Levine, Joel S.; Augustsson, Tommy R.; Natarajan, Murali. The prebiological paleoatmosphere: stability and composition. Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres. 1982, 12 (3): 245–259. Bibcode:1982OrLi...12..245L. doi:10.1007/BF00926894.
Anderson D. J.; Rosenfeld, R. N. Photodissociation of Carbon Suboxide. Journal of Chemical Physics. 1991, 94 (12): 7852–7867. Bibcode:1991JChPh..94.7857A. doi:10.1063/1.460121.
Sabin, J. R.; Kim, H. A theoretical study of the structure and properties of carbon trioxide. Chemical Physics Letters. 1971, 11 (5): 593–597. Bibcode:1971CPL....11..593S. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(71)87010-0.
Moll N. G., Clutter D. R., Thompson W. E. Carbon Trioxide: Its Production, Infrared Spectrum, and Structure Studied in a Matrix of Solid CO₂. Journal of Chemical Physics. 1966, 45 (12): 4469–4481. Bibcode:1966JChPh..45.4469M. doi:10.1063/1.1727526.
Kroto, H. W.; Heath, J. R.; O'Brien, S. C.; Curl, R. F.; Smalley, R. E. C₆₀: Buckminsterfullerene. Nature. 1985, 318 (6042): 162–163. Bibcode:1985Natur.318..162K. doi:10.1038/318162a0.
Dorfer, Leopold; Moser, M; Spindler, K; Bahr, F; Egarter-Vigl, E; Dohr, G. 5200-year old acupuncture in Central Europe?. Science. 1998, 282 (5387): 242–243. Bibcode:1998Sci...282..239D. PMID 9841386. doi:10.1126/science.282.5387.239f.

ic.ac.uk

ch.ic.ac.uk

Unwin, Peter. Fullerenes(An Overview). [2007-12-08]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-01）.

in2p3.fr

amdc.in2p3.fr

Audi, G; Bersillon, O.; Blachot, J.; Wapstra, A.H. The Nubase evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 1997, 624: 1. Bibcode:1997NuPhA.624....1A. doi:10.1016/S0375-9474(97)00482-X. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-09-28）.

ioffe.ru

Properties of diamond （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Ioffe Institute Database

lanl.gov

periodic.lanl.gov

Chemistry Operations. Carbon. Los Alamos National Laboratory. 2003-12-15 [2008-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-13）.

leidenuniv.nl

physics.leidenuniv.nl

Dienwiebel, Martin; Verhoeven, Gertjan; Pradeep, Namboodiri; Frenken, Joost; Heimberg, Jennifer; Zandbergen, Henny. Superlubricity of Graphite (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 2004, 92 (12) [2013-07-29]. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.126101. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-12-24）.

llnl.gov

Brown, Tom. Carbon Goes Full Circle in the Amazon. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. 2006-03-01 [2007-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-22）.

montanastandard.com

Microscopic diamond found in Montana. The Montana Standard. 2004-10-17 [2008-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2005-01-21）.

newscientist.com

"Wonderfuel: Welcome to the age of unconventional gas" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Helen Knight, New Scientist, 12 June 2010, pp. 44–7.
"Ice on fire: The next fossil fuel" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Fred Pearce, New Scientist, 27 June 2009, pp. 30-33.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lee, C.; Wei, X.; Kysar, J. W.; Hone, J. Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene. Science. 2008, 321 (5887): 385–8. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..385L. PMID 18635798. doi:10.1126/science.1157996. 简明摘要.
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nist.gov

nvl.nist.gov

Fatiadi, Alexander J.; Isbell, Horace S.; Sager, William F. Cyclic Polyhydroxy Ketones. I. Oxidation Products of Hexahydroxybenzene (Benzenehexol) (PDF). Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards A: Physics and Chemistry. 1963, 67A (2): 153–162. doi:10.6028/jres.067A.015. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009年3月25日）.

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nypost.com

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ornl.gov

cdiac.ornl.gov

Calculated from file global.1751_2008.csv in [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center.

sciencedaily.com

Carbon Nanoparticles Toxic To Adult Fruit Flies But Benign To Young （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ScienceDaily (Aug. 17, 2009)

sciencemag.org

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History of Carbon. [2013-01-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-01）.

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USGS Minerals Yearbook: Graphite, 2009 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and Graphite: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011
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Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP (PDF). [2007-12-06]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-02-16）.
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Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical (PDF). [2007-12-06]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-02-16）.
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Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2012-01-12., in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
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Sanderson, Bill. Toughest Stuff Known to Man : Discovery Opens Door to Space Elevator. nypost.com. 2008-08-25 [2008-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-06）.
Dienwiebel, Martin; Verhoeven, Gertjan; Pradeep, Namboodiri; Frenken, Joost; Heimberg, Jennifer; Zandbergen, Henny. Superlubricity of Graphite (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 2004, 92 (12) [2013-07-29]. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.126101. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-12-24）.
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"Wonderfuel: Welcome to the age of unconventional gas" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Helen Knight, New Scientist, 12 June 2010, pp. 44–7.
Ocean methane stocks 'overstated' （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, BBC, 17 Feb. 2004.
"Ice on fire: The next fossil fuel" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Fred Pearce, New Scientist, 27 June 2009, pp. 30-33.
Calculated from file global.1751_2008.csv in [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center.
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Watson, A. Beaming Into the Dark Corners of the Nuclear Kitchen. Science. 1999, 286 (5437): 28–31 [2013-07-29]. doi:10.1126/science.286.5437.28. （原始内容存档于2020-06-12）.
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Fatiadi, Alexander J.; Isbell, Horace S.; Sager, William F. Cyclic Polyhydroxy Ketones. I. Oxidation Products of Hexahydroxybenzene (Benzenehexol) (PDF). Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards A: Physics and Chemistry. 1963, 67A (2): 153–162. doi:10.6028/jres.067A.015. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009年3月25日）.
Chinese made first use of diamond. BBC News. 2005-05-17 [2007-03-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-03-20）.
van der Krogt, Peter. Carbonium/Carbon at Elementymology & Elements Multidict. [2010-01-06]. （原始内容存档于2010-01-23）.
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Senese, Fred. Who discovered carbon?. Frostburg State University. [2007-11-24]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-07）.
USGS Minerals Yearbook: Graphite, 2009 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and Graphite: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011
Microscopic diamond found in Montana. The Montana Standard. 2004-10-17 [2008-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2005-01-21）.
Marshall, Stephen; Shore, Josh. The Diamond Life. Guerrilla News Network. 2004-10-22 [2008-10-10]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-09）.
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Holtzapffel, Ch. Turning And Mechanical Manipulation. Charles Holtzapffel. 1856 [2013-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-20）. Internet Archive （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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Carbon Nanoparticles Toxic To Adult Fruit Flies But Benign To Young （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ScienceDaily (Aug. 17, 2009)

webcitation.org

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 "for their discovery of fullerenes". [2007-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-22）.

webelements.com

Carbon: Binary compounds. [2007-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2007-11-25）.
Carbon – Naturally occurring isotopes. WebElements Periodic Table. [2008-10-09]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-08）.
Compounds of carbon: carbon suboxide. [2007-12-03]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-07）.

worldcat.org

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英语）.
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Sikora, Emőke; Kiss, Adrienn; H. Göndör, Zsuzsa; Pekker, Péter; Kristály, Ferenc; Szőri, Milán; Rágyanszki, Anita; Viskolcz, Béla; Fiser, Béla; Vanyorek, László. Fine-tuning the catalytic activity by applying nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as catalyst supports for the hydrogenation of olefins. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2019-12-14, 129 (1): 95–106. ISSN 1878-5190. doi:10.1007/s11144-019-01705-7.
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Duan, Weijian; Li, Ge; Lei, Zhenchao; Zhu, Tonghe; Xue, Yuzhou; Wei, Chaohai; Feng, Chunhua. Highly active and durable carbon electrocatalyst for nitrate reduction reaction. Water Research (Elsevier BV). 2019, 161: 126–135. ISSN 0043-1354. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.104.