Caste system in India (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Caste system in India" in English language version.

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Taylor, Sarah (27 June 2022). "'I would tell the other girls at school that I was Brahmin': The struggle to challenge India's caste system". ABC News.

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Edachira, Manju (2020). "Anti-caste Aesthetics and Dalit Interventions in Indian Cinema". Economic and Political Weekly. 55 (38): 47–53 – via academia.edu.

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"The Scheduled Castes in the Sikh Community – A Historical Perspective". apnaorg.com.

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Doniger, Wendy (1999). Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of world religions. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. p. 186. ISBN 978-0-87779-044-0.
Sharma (1958), p. 18. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
- Sharma (1958), pp. 22–23. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
  - Sharma (1958), pp. 27–28. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
    - Sharma (1958), pp. 29–31. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
      - Sharma (1958), p. 40. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), p. 44. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), pp. 46–47. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), p. 48. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), p. 58. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), pp. 59–60. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Eaton, Richard (1993). The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204–1760. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 117–122. ISBN 978-0-520-08077-5.
        Eaton, Richard (1993). The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204–1760. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-520-08077-5.
        Eaton, Richard (1993). The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204–1760. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 102–103, 224–226. ISBN 978-0-520-08077-5.
        Cannadine, David (2002). Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-515794-9.
        Bayly, Christopher A. (1973). "Patrons and Politics in Northern India". In Gallagher, John; Johnson, Gordon; Seal, Anil (eds.). Locality, Province and Nation: Essays on Indian Politics 1870 to 1940 (Reprinted ed.). Cambridge University Press Archive. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-52109-811-3.
        Yang, A. (1985). Crime and criminality in British India. US: University of Arizona Press. pp. 112–127. ISBN 978-0-8165-0951-5.
        Barth, Fredrik (1995). Political Leadership among Swat Pathans. London School of Economics/Berg. pp. 16–21. ISBN 978-0-485-19619-1.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Gupta, Trisha (20 September 2008). "Visual history tells us about repressed histories". Tehelka. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012.

barandbench.com (Global: low place; English: 6,121^st place)

Roy, Debayan (3 October 2024). "Supreme Court strikes down rules enabling caste discrimination in prisons". Bar and Bench. Retrieved 3 October 2024.

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"What is India's caste system?". BBC News. 19 June 2019.
"What is India's caste system?". BBC News. 25 February 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2017. Independent India's constitution banned discrimination on the basis of caste and, in an attempt to correct historical injustices and provide a level playing field to the traditionally disadvantaged, the authorities announced quotas in government jobs and educational institutions for scheduled castes and tribes, the lowest in the caste hierarchy, in 1950.

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Bayly (2001), pp. 25–27, 392. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Sathaye (2015), p. 214. Sathaye, Adheesh A. (17 April 2015), Crossing the Lines of Caste: Visvamitra and the Construction of Brahmin Power in Hindu Mythology, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-027312-5
Bayly (2001), p. 9. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Bayly (2001), p. 392. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Bayly (2001), pp. 26–27:What happened in the initial phase of this two-stage sequence was the rise of the royal man of prowess. In this period, both kings and the priests and ascetics with whom men of power were able to associate their rule became a growing focus for the affirmation of a martial and regal form of caste ideal. (...) The other key feature of this period was the reshaping of many apparently casteless forms of devotional faith in a direction which further affirmed these differentiations of rank and community. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Dirks (2001b), pp. 215–229. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001b), "Discriminating Difference: The Postcolonial Politics of Caste in India", in Burguière, André; Grew, Raymond (eds.), The Construction of Minorities: Cases for Comparison Across Time and Around the World, University of Michigan Press, ISBN 978-0-472-06737-4
LeVine, Sarah (2009). Rebuilding Buddhism: The Theravada Movement in Twentieth-Century Nepal. Harvard University Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-674-02554-7.
Cohen (2001), p. 21. Cohen, Stephen P. (2001), India: Emerging Power, Brookings Institution Press, ISBN 978-0-8157-9839-2
Omvedt, Gail (2014). Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and Caste. Sage Classics. p. 252. ISBN 978-81-321-1028-6.
Geoffrey Robinson (1995). The Dark Side of Paradise: Political Violence in Bali. Cornell University Press. p. 32. ISBN 0-8014-8172-4.
Bayly (2001), p. 10. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Corbridge, Harriss & Jeffrey (2013), p. 239. Corbridge, Stuart; Harriss, John; Jeffrey, Craig (2013), India Today: Economy, Politics and Society, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-0-7456-6535-1
Ghurye (1969), pp. 1–2. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 2–22. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 2–5. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 6–7. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 7–10. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 10–15. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 11–12. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 15–16. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 16–17. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 18–19. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), p. 22. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 136–139. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 117–125. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Ghurye (1969), pp. 278–279, this is pp. 158–159 in the 1932 edition of Ghurye. Ghurye, G. S. (1969) [first published 1932], Caste and Race in India (Fifth ed.), Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5
Inden (2001), p. 59. Inden, Ronald (2001), Imagining India, Indiana University Press, ISBN 978-0-253-21358-7
Sharma (2000), p. 132. Sharma, Arvind (2000), Classical Hindu Thought: An Introduction, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-564441-8
Bayly (2001), pp. 19–24. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Bayly (2001), pp. 38–43. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Bayly (2001), pp. 5–7. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Bayly (2001), p. 8. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Thapar (2004), p. 63. Thapar, Romila (2004), Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-24225-8
Bayly (2001), p. 29. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Bayly (2001), pp. 263–264. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
Eltsov, P.A. (2008). From Harappa to Hastinapura: A Study of the Earliest South Asian City and Civilization. American School of Prehistoric Research monograph series. Brill. p. 14. ISBN 978-90-04-16060-6.
Maisels, C.K. (2003). Early Civilizations of the Old World: The Formative Histories of Egypt, The Levant, Mesopotamia, India and China. Taylor & Francis. p. 252. ISBN 978-1-134-83730-4.
Bandhu, P.; Jacob, T.G. (2019). Encountering The Adivasi Question: South Indian Narratives. Studera Press. p. 254. ISBN 978-93-85883-92-7.
Dhavalikar, M.K. (1997). Indian Protohistory. Books & Books. p. 68-70. ISBN 978-81-85016-52-8. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
Sharma (1958), p. 18. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
- Sharma (1958), pp. 22–23. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
  - Sharma (1958), pp. 27–28. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
    - Sharma (1958), pp. 29–31. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
      - Sharma (1958), p. 40. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), p. 44. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), pp. 46–47. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), p. 48. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), p. 58. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Sharma (1958), pp. 59–60. Sharma, R. S. (1958), Śūdras in Ancient India, Delhi: Motilal Banarasi Dass – via archive.org
        Sharma, Ram Sharan (1990) [first published in 1958], Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order Down to Circa A.D. 600 (Third ed.), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers., ISBN 978-81-208-0706-8
        Chakravarti (2003), pp. 47, 49. Chakravarti, Uma (2003), Gendering Caste Through a Feminist Lens, Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-85604-54-1
        Chakravarti (2003), pp. 45–46. Chakravarti, Uma (2003), Gendering Caste Through a Feminist Lens, Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-81-85604-54-1
        Bayly (2001), pp. 3–4. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), pp. 25–28. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), pp. 29–30. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), p. 30. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), pp. 30–31. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), p. 31. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), p. 27. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), pp. 125–126. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Bayly (2001), pp. 125–127. Bayly, Susan (2001), Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26434-1
        Ghuman, Paul (2013). British Untouchables: A Study of Dalit Identity and Education. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-4094-9431-7.
        Jha, Pravin Kumar (2012). Indian Politics in Comparative Perspective. Pearson Education India. p. 102. ISBN 978-81-317-9887-4.
        JT (2014). Origin of Caste in India. Partridge Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-4828-1914-4.
        Malešević, Siniša; Haugaard, Mark (2007). Ernest Gellner and Contemporary Social Thought. Cambridge University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-521-88291-0.
        Jassal, Smita Tewari; École pratique des hautes études (France). Section des sciences économiques et sociales; University of Oxford. Institute of Social Anthropology (2001). "Caste in the Colonial State: Mallahs in the census". Contributions to Indian sociology. Mouton. pp. 319–351. Quote: "The movement, which had a wide interregional spread, attempted to submerge regional names such as Goala, Ahir, Ahar, Gopa, etc., in favour of the generic term Yadava (Rao 1979). Hence a number of pastoralist castes were subsumed under Yadava, in accordance with decisions taken by the regional and national level caste sabhas. The Yadavas became the first among the shudras to gain the right to wear the janeu, a case of successful sanskritisation which continues till date. As a prominent agriculturist caste in the region, despite belonging to the shudra varna, the Yadavas claimed Kshatriya status tracing descent from the Yadu dynasty. The caste's efforts matched those of census officials, for whom standardisation of overlapping names was a matter of policy. The success of the Yadava movement also lies in the fact that, among the jaati sabhas, the Yadava sabha was probably the strongest, its journal, Ahir Samachar, having an all-India spread. These factors strengthened local efforts, such as in Bhojpur, where the Yadavas, locally known as Ahirs, refused to do begar, or forced labour, for the landlords and simultaneously prohibited liquor consumption, child marriages, and so on."
        Mandelbaum, David Goodman (1970). Society in India. Vol. 2. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 443. ISBN 978-0-520-01623-1.
        Jaffrelot, Christophe (2003). India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India. Columbia University Press. pp. 210–211. ISBN 978-0-231-12786-8. Quote: "In his typology of low caste movements, (M. S. A.) Rao distinguishes five categories. The first is characterised by 'withdrawal and self-organisation'. ... The second one, illustrated by the Yadavs, is based on the claim of 'higher varna status' and fits with Sanskritisation pattern. ..."
        Leshnik, Lawrence S.; Sontheimer, Günther-Dietz (1975). Pastoralists and nomads in South Asia. O. Harrassowitz. p. 218. ISBN 978-3-447-01552-3. Quote: "The Ahir and allied cowherd castes (whether actually pastoralists or cultivators, as in the Punjab) have recently organized a pan-Indian caste association with political as well as social reformist goals using the epic designation of Yadava (or Jadava) Vanshi Kshatriya, ie the warrior caste descending from the Yadava lineage of the Mahabharata fame."
        Jaffrelot, Christophe (2003). India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India. London: C. Hurst & Co. p. 196. ISBN 978-1-85065-670-8.
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Dirks (2001a, p. 5): "Rather, I will argue that caste (again, as we know it today) is a modern phenomenon, that it is, specifically, the product of an historical encounter between India and Western colonial rule. By this I do not mean to imply that it was simply invented by the too clever British, now credited with so many imperial patents that what began as colonial critique has turned into another form of imperial adulation. But I am suggesting that it was under the British that 'caste' became a single term capable of expressing, organising, and above all 'systematising' India's diverse forms of social identity, community, and organisation. This was achieved through an identifiable (if contested) ideological canon as the result of a concrete encounter with colonial modernity during two hundred years of British domination. In short, colonialism made caste what it is today." Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
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Dirks (2001a), pp. 38–43. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
Dirks (2001a), p. 59. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
Dirks (2001a), p. 28. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
Dirks (2001a), pp. 29–30. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
Dirks (2001a), pp. 212–217. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
Dirks (2001a), pp. 198–225. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2
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Dirks (2001a), p. ^{[page needed]}. Dirks, Nicholas B. (2001a), Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of New India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-08895-2

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