اتمسفر زمین (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "اتمسفر زمین" in Persian language version.

refsWebsite

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81webcitation.org

24^th place

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26web.archive.org

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15britannica.com

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12nasa.gov

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8ucar.edu

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7windows2universe.org

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6universetoday.com

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4nationalgeographic.com

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4noaa.gov

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2radiofarda.com

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2sciencedaily.com

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2uiuc.edu

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2usatoday.com

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2gsu.edu

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2bbc.co.uk

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1persianacademy.ir

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1vccs.edu

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1columbia.edu

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1udayton.edu

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1innovateus.net

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1eiu.edu

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1ohio-state.edu

5,528^th place

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1eoearth.org

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1epa.vic.gov.au

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1weatheronline.co.uk

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1ucsb.edu

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1virginia.edu

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1mpg.de

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1eco-action.org

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1unc.edu

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1ciesin.org

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1gov.on.ca

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1ehow.com

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1atoptics.co.uk

8,147^th place

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1iap-kborn.de

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1enviropedia.org.uk

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1ips.gov.au

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1enn.com

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1physicsforums.com

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1about.com

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1hypertextbook.com

5,064^th place

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1naturphilosophie.co.uk

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1uwsp.edu

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1uni-hannover.de

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1tutorvista.com

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1bom.gov.au

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1opticsinfobase.org

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1utk.edu

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1tntech.edu

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1caltech.edu

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1usyd.edu.au

6,328^th place

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1union.edu

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1cmmap.org

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1ou.edu

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about.com

chemistry.about.com

Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. "Density of Air - What Is the Density of Air at STP?" (به انگلیسی). About.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2013.

atoptics.co.uk

"Mesosphere & Mesopause" (به انگلیسی). Atoptics. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.

bbc.co.uk

"Higher Bitesize Physics - Refraction of light: Revision, Page2" (به انگلیسی). BBC. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
"Higher Bitesize Physics - Refraction of light: Revision" (به انگلیسی). BBC. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.

bom.gov.au

"Ultraviolet (UV) / Ozone Frequently Asked Questions" (به انگلیسی). Australian Goverment Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

britannica.com

"Evolution of the atmosphere | History, Composition, Changes, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2023-02-11.
"air (atmospheric gas)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
"greenhouse gas (atmospheric science)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
"greenhouse effec (atmosphere science)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
"geologic history of Earth: Development of the atmosphere and oceans" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
"air pollution" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
"global warming (Earth science)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
"troposphere (atmospheric region)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
"atmosphere (gaseous envelope)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
"Van Allen radiation belt (astrophysics)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
"How Much Does Earth's Atmosphere Weigh?" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. 5 January 2012. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
"air mass (meteorology)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
"refractive index (physics)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
"atmospheric circulation (meteorology)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
"Ferrel cell (meteorology)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

caltech.edu

ipac.caltech.edu

"Infrared Windows" (به انگلیسی). California Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 6 June 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2013.

ciesin.org

"Chlorofluorocarbons and Ozone Depletion" (به انگلیسی). Ciesin.org. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.

cmmap.org

"Ferrel Cells" (به انگلیسی). Cmmap. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

columbia.edu

eesc.columbia.edu

"Table of gaseous composition of dry air" (به انگلیسی). Columbia University. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

eco-action.org

"UV radiation" (به انگلیسی). Eco-action. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.

ehow.com

Elizabeth Steeter. "Global Warming Effects on Ozone Depletion" (به انگلیسی). eHow.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2013.

eiu.edu

ux1.eiu.edu

"The atmosphere - origin and structure" (به انگلیسی). EIU. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.

enn.com

Andy Soos (1 March 2013). "The Third Van Allen Belt" (به انگلیسی). ENN. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.

enviropedia.org.uk

"Exosphere" (به انگلیسی). Enviropedia. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.

eoearth.org

"Earth's atmospheric air" (به انگلیسی). The Encyclopedia of Earth. 18 October 2011. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.

epa.vic.gov.au

"What Is Air Pollution?" (به انگلیسی). EPA. Archived from the original on 3 July 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

gov.on.ca

ene.gov.on.ca

"Ozone Depleting Substances" (به انگلیسی). Ene.gov. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.

gsu.edu

hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

"Blue Sky and Rayleigh Scattering" (به انگلیسی). GSU. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
"Index of Refraction" (به انگلیسی). GSU. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.

hypertextbook.com

"Mass of the Atmosphere" (به انگلیسی). Hyper Text Book. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.

iap-kborn.de

"Dust in the mesosphere" (به آلمانی). IAP. Archived from the original on 19 September 2011. Retrieved 2013-04-15.

innovateus.net

"What is the History of the Earth's Atmosphere?" (به انگلیسی). Innovate Us. Archived from the original on 26 April 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.

ips.gov.au

"Ionospheric Map" (به انگلیسی). IPS. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2013.

mpg.de

atmosphere.mpg.de

"- Stratosphere" (به انگلیسی). Atmosphere. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

nasa.gov

"Ozone Resource Page" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
"From Discovery, To Solution, To Evolution: Observing Earth's Ozone Layer" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
"2012 Antarctic Ozone Hole Second Smallest in 20 Years" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
"New Simulation Shows Consequences of a World Without Earth's Natural Sunscreen" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
"NASA's Van Allen Probes Reveal a New Radiation Belt Around Earth" (به انگلیسی). NASA. 28 February 2013. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

Adam Voiland (2 November 2010). "Aerosols: Tiny Particles, Big Impact" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
"Watching our Ozone Weather" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
"Absorption Bands and Atmospheric Windows" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.

scijinks.nasa.gov

"How did Earth's atmosphere form?" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.

science.nasa.gov

"How will the Earth system change in the future?" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013.

airs.jpl.nasa.gov

"AIRS: atmosphere_layers" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.

ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov

"What is the Polar Vortex?" (به انگلیسی). Nasa. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

nationalgeographic.com

environment.nationalgeographic.com

"Causes of Global Warming" (به انگلیسی). National Geographic. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
"Global Warming Effects" (به انگلیسی). National Geographic. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013.

news.nationalgeographic.com

Mason Inman (5 October 2010). "Plane Exhaust Kills More People Than Plane Crashes" (به انگلیسی). National Geographic. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.

ocean.nationalgeographic.com

"Sea Level Rise" (به انگلیسی). National Geographic. Retrieved 25 July 2013.

naturphilosophie.co.uk

"Earth's Atmosphere" (به انگلیسی). Nature Philosophie. 5 March 2013. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.

noaa.gov

srh.noaa.gov

"Layers of the Atmosphere" (به انگلیسی). NOAA. Archived from the original on 2 April 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

esrl.noaa.gov

"Temperature and Pressure Patterns in the Troposphere" (PDF) (به انگلیسی). NOAA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

oar.noaa.gov

"The Ozone Layer" (به انگلیسی). NOAA. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

ngdc.noaa.gov

"Introduction to the Ionosphere" (به انگلیسی). NOAA. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.

ohio-state.edu

lightning.sbs.ohio-state.edu

"Evolution of the Atmosphere" (به انگلیسی). Ohio State University. Archived from the original (PPT) on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2013.

opticsinfobase.org

"Absorption spectrum (380–700 nm) of pure water. II. Integrating cavity measurements" (به انگلیسی). Optics Info Base. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

ou.edu

sparce.evac.ou.edu

"Air Circulation" (به انگلیسی). Ou. Archived from the original on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

persianacademy.ir

«واژه‌های مصوّب فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی، فرهنگ واژه‌های مصوّب فرهنگستان: ۱۳۷۶ تا ۱۳۸۵، بخش دوم: به ترتیب الفبای لاتینی». فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۳ اوت ۲۰۰۹. دریافت‌شده در ۱۱ اردیبهشت ۱۳۹۲.

physicsforums.com

"blood pressure and atmospheric pressure" (به انگلیسی). Physucs Forums. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2013.

radiofarda.com

«گازهای گل‌خانه‌ای به بالاترین میزان در ۳ میلیون سال اخیر رسید». رادیو فردا. ۲۲ اردیبهشت ۱۳۹۲. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۴ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۳. دریافت‌شده در ۲۵ اردیبهشت ۱۳۹۲.
«پژوهش جدید ناسا: پر بارش شدن مناطق بارانی جهان در سده آینده». رادیو فردا. ۱۷ اردیبهشت ۱۳۹۲. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۴ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۳. دریافت‌شده در ۳۰ تیر ۱۳۹۲.

sciencedaily.com

"Ionosphere" (به انگلیسی). Science Daily. Archived from the original on 20 April 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
"Atmospheric circulation" (به انگلیسی). Scince Daily. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.

swri.edu

pluto.space.swri.edu

"Ionosphere" (به انگلیسی). SWRI. Archived from the original on 7 October 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
"Magnetosphere" (به انگلیسی). SWRI. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.

tntech.edu

iweb.tntech.edu

"CEE6900 Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing, Lecture Three – Atmospheric Windows, EM Wave and Medium Properties 3 Hours" (PDF) (به انگلیسی). Tennessee Technological University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.

tutorvista.com

"Scattering of Light" (به انگلیسی). Tutor Vista. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 27 April 2013.

ucar.edu

spark.ucar.edu

"The Stratosphere - overview" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
"The Mesosphere - overview" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
"Thermosphere - overview" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
"Exosphere - overview" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.

ucar.edu

"Tropospheric Ozone, the Polluter" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 6 July 2005. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
"Introduction to Ozone" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 12 February 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2013.

scied.ucar.edu

"Exosphere - overview". UCAR. 2011. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2015.

www2.acd.ucar.edu

"ELEVATED STRATOPAUSE EVENTS" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.

ucsb.edu

web.physics.ucsb.edu

"troposphere" (به انگلیسی). UCSB. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

udayton.edu

campus.udayton.edu

"4.6 billion years ago - 543 million years ago" (به انگلیسی). University of Dayton. Archived from the original on 30 October 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2013.

uiuc.edu

ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu

"Atmospheric Pressure force exerted by the weight of the air" (به انگلیسی). UIUC. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
"Pressure with Height" (به انگلیسی). UIUC. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2013.

unc.edu

"STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION" (به انگلیسی). UNC. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.

uni-hannover.de

itp.uni-hannover.de

"Scattering of Light" (به انگلیسی). Uni-Hannover. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 27 April 2013.

union.edu

minerva.union.edu

"Earth's Convection Cells" (به انگلیسی). Union. Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

universetoday.com

Jerry Coffey (7 February 2010). "What Is The Atmosphere?" (به انگلیسی). Universe Today. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
Tega Jessa (25 March 2011). "Mesosphere" (به انگلیسی). Universe Today. Archived from the original on 27 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
Fraser Cain (16 September 2009). "Exosphere" (به انگلیسی). Univers Today. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
Tega Jessa (6 April 2010). "Magnetosphere" (به انگلیسی). Universe Today. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
Jerry Coffey (12 September 2010). "What Is Atmospheric Pressure" (به انگلیسی). Universe Today. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
Matt Williams (4 July 2011). "Absorption of Light" (به انگلیسی). Universe Today. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

usatoday.com

usatoday30.usatoday.com

Chad Palmer. "How a barometer measures air pressure" (به انگلیسی). USA TODAY. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
Jack Williams. "Understanding air density and its effects" (به انگلیسی). USA Today. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2013.

usyd.edu.au

firstyear.chem.usyd.edu.au

"Colour and Light" (به انگلیسی). The University of Sydney. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

utk.edu

csep10.phys.utk.edu

"Atmospheric Windows" (به انگلیسی). UTK. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.

uwsp.edu

www4.uwsp.edu

"Atmospheric Composition" (به انگلیسی). UWSP. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.

vccs.edu

water.me.vccs.edu

"The Oxygen Cycle" (به انگلیسی). VCCS. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2013.

virginia.edu

atlantic.evsc.virginia.edu

"The Troposphere" (به انگلیسی). Virginia University. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2013.

weatheronline.co.uk

"Weather Facts: Troposphere" (به انگلیسی). Weather Online. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.

web.archive.org

«واژه‌های مصوّب فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی، فرهنگ واژه‌های مصوّب فرهنگستان: ۱۳۷۶ تا ۱۳۸۵، بخش دوم: به ترتیب الفبای لاتینی». فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۳ اوت ۲۰۰۹. دریافت‌شده در ۱۱ اردیبهشت ۱۳۹۲.
"Exosphere - overview". UCAR. 2011. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
Professor Shakhashiri (November 2007). "Gases of the Air" (PDF) (به انگلیسی). University of Wisconsin–Madison. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
"4.6 billion years ago - 543 million years ago" (به انگلیسی). University of Dayton. Archived from the original on 30 October 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
"What is the History of the Earth's Atmosphere?" (به انگلیسی). Innovate Us. Archived from the original on 26 April 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
"How did Earth's atmosphere form?" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
"Evolution of the Atmosphere" (به انگلیسی). Ohio State University. Archived from the original (PPT) on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
"What Is Air Pollution?" (به انگلیسی). EPA. Archived from the original on 3 July 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
"How will the Earth system change in the future?" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
"Layers of the Atmosphere" (به انگلیسی). NOAA. Archived from the original on 2 April 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
"The Troposphere" (به انگلیسی). Virginia University. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
"Tropospheric Ozone, the Polluter" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 6 July 2005. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
"- Stratosphere" (به انگلیسی). Atmosphere. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
"Introduction to Ozone" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 12 February 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
"ELEVATED STRATOPAUSE EVENTS" (به انگلیسی). UCAR. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
Tega Jessa (25 March 2011). "Mesosphere" (به انگلیسی). Universe Today. Archived from the original on 27 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
"Dust in the mesosphere" (به آلمانی). IAP. Archived from the original on 19 September 2011. Retrieved 2013-04-15.
"AIRS: atmosphere_layers" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
"Ionosphere" (به انگلیسی). Science Daily. Archived from the original on 20 April 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
"Ionosphere" (به انگلیسی). SWRI. Archived from the original on 7 October 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
"Magnetosphere" (به انگلیسی). SWRI. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
"Atmospheric Composition" (به انگلیسی). UWSP. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
"Infrared Windows" (به انگلیسی). California Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 6 June 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
"Atmospheric circulation" (به انگلیسی). Scince Daily. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
"Earth's Convection Cells" (به انگلیسی). Union. Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
"Air Circulation" (به انگلیسی). Ou. Archived from the original on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

webcitation.org

"air (atmospheric gas)" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
"The Oxygen Cycle" (به انگلیسی). VCCS. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
Adam Voiland (2 November 2010). "Aerosols: Tiny Particles, Big Impact" (به انگلیسی). NASA. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
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