Право Європейського Союзу (Ukrainian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Право Європейського Союзу" in Ukrainian language version.

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archive.org

I Kant, Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch or Zum ewigen Frieden. Ein philosophischer Entwurf (1795)
The classic arguments are found in WZ Ripley, Main Street and Wall Street (Little, Brown & Co 1927), Louis K. Liggett Co. v. Lee, Шаблон:Ussc per Brandeis J and W Cary, 'Federalism and Corporate Law: Reflections on Delaware' (1974) 83(4) Yale Law Journal 663. See further S Deakin, 'Two Types of Regulatory Competition: Competitive Federalism versus Reflexive Harmonisation. A Law and Economics Perspective on Centros' (1999) 2 CYELS 231.

aspeninstitute.org

Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC art 7. A contract of employment can also require more. cf JM Keynes, The Economic Possibilities of our Grandchildren (1930 [Архівовано 2016-04-02 у Wayback Machine.]) arguing that as society became wealthier, increasing production would allow everyone to work less. See also the European Social Charter 1961 article 3. Oddly, the UK chose to express 28 days as 5.6 weeks in its own regulations (assuming a week is 5 working days).

bailii.org

Griffin v South West Water Services [1995] IRLR 15. This was not true for Doughty v Rolls-Royce [1991] EWCA Civ 15, but was for NUT v St Mary's School [1997] 3 CMLR 638.
[2015] UKSC 67, Mr Beavis received an £85 charge for parking too long in a carpark. Lord Toulson dissenting, would have held this charge, contrary to the requirement of good faith, created a significant imbalance in the parties' rights and duties. He pointed out that £85 was two-thirds of a state pension, and criticised the majority for wrongly applying the Court of Justice's case law.
WTD 2003 art 7, referring to «four weeks» and arts 5 and 6 referring to the concept of «weekly» as meaning a «seven-day period». The choice to phrase time off as «weeks» was interpreted by the UK Supreme Court to mean employees have the right to take weeks off at a time, rather than separate days in the UK context: Russell v Transocean International Resources Ltd [2011] UKSC 57, [19]
ECHR art 11. This codified traditions in democratic member states before World War II. See for example Crofter Hand Woven Harris Tweed Co Ltd v Veitch [1941] UKHL 2
Demir and Baykara v Turkey [2008] ECHR 1345
Contrast Lubbe v Cape Plc [2000] UKHL 41 and Chandler v Cape plc [2012] EWCA Civ 525
[2008] ECHR 453

cambridge.org

UDHR 1948 art 23. ICESCR 1966 art 7. E McGaughey, Principles of Enterprise Law: the Economic Constitution and Human Rights (Cambridge UP 2022) ch 10
E McGaughey, Principles of Enterprise Law: the Economic Constitution and Human Rights (Cambridge UP 2022) ch 11, 411—414
JC Bureau and A Matthews, 'EU Agricultural Policy: What Developing Countries Need to Know' (2005) IIS Discussion Paper No 91, 3. E McGaughey, Principles of Enterprise Law: the Economic Constitution and Human Rights (Cambridge UP 2022) ch 13

canlii.org

TEU art 50. On the most sophisticated discussion of constitutional law and human rights principles for secession, see Reference Re Secession of Quebec [1998] 2 SCR 217, particularly [67] «The consent of the governed is a value that is basic to our understanding of a free and democratic society. Yet democracy in any real sense of the word cannot exist without the rule of law». And [149] «Democracy, however, means more than simple majority rule».
See for example, BCE Inc v 1976 Debentureholders [2008] 3 SCR 560

coe.int

rm.coe.int

European Social Charter 1961 arts 7, 10 and 17. ICESCR 1966 art 13(2)(c). cf in the UK, the Higher Education Act 2004 ss 23-24 and 31-39 (tuition fees and plans) and Higher Education (Higher Amount) Regulations 2010 regs 4-5A.
European Social Charter 1961 arts 7, 10 and 17. cf ECHR 1950 Protocol 1, article 2 and the Belgian Linguistic case (No 2) (1968) 1 EHRR 252. CFREU 2000 art 14.

coe.int

European Social Charter 1961 art 2(1)

columbia.edu

news.climate.columbia.edu

A Elfar, 'Landmark Climate Change Lawsuit Moves Forward as German Judges Arrive in Peru' (4 August 2022) Columbia Climate School, appealing from the Regional Court (2015) Case No. 2 O 285/15.

directlinegroup.co.uk

e.g. 'Electric Dreams: Green Vehicles Cheaper Than Petrol' (29 June 2020) Direct Line Group

doi.org

See further Arnull, Anthony (1990). Does the Court of Justice Have Inherent Jurisdiction?. Common Market Law Review. 27 (4): 683. doi:10.54648/cola1990043.
cf Lechner, Susanne; Ohr, Renate (2011). The right of withdrawal in the treaty of Lisbon: a game theoretic reflection on different decision processes in the EU. European Journal of Law and Economics. 32: 357. doi:10.1007/s10657-009-9139-1.
Kuhnert, Jan; Leps, Olof (1 січня 2017). Neue Wohnungsgemeinnützigkeit (нім.). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. с. 213—258. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-17570-2_8. ISBN 978-3-658-17569-6.
Lashyn, Serhii (1 жовтня 2021). The Aporia of EU Citizenship. Liverpool Law Review (англ.). 42 (3): 361—377. doi:10.1007/s10991-021-09279-y. ISSN 1572-8625.
Le Page, Michael (21 вересня 2016). The Great Carbon Scam. New Scientist. 231: 20—21. doi:10.1016/S0262-4079(16)31736-5. Norton, Michael та ін. (2019). Serious mismatches continue between science and policy in forest bioenergy. GCB Bioenergy. 11 (11): 1256. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12643 {{cite journal}}: |hdl-access= вимагає |hdl= (довідка). Searchinger, Timothy та ін. (28 листопада 2022). EU climate plan sacrifices carbon storage and biodiversity for bioenergy. Nature. 612: 27. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-04133-1. PMID 36443604. the EU's 'own modeling predicts that yearly use of bioenergy will more than double between 2015 and 2050, from 152 million to 336 million tonnes of oil equivalent. That requires a quantity of biomass each year that is twice Europe's present annual wood harvest.'
Kaplan, Jed O. та ін. (2009). The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe (PDF). Quaternary Science Reviews. 28: 3016. doi:10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2009.09.028.

euobserver.com

Mahony, Honor (23 жовтня 2007). EU court delivers blow on environment sanctions. EU Observer. Процитовано 23 жовтня 2007.; Case C-440/05 Commission v Council

eupolitix.com

e.g. M Banks, 'Sarkozy slated over Strasbourg seat' (24 May 2007) EU Politix [Архівовано 27 вересня 2007 у Wayback Machine.]

europa.eu

eur-lex.europa.eu

Ван Ґенд ен Лоос проти Нідерландської податкової адміністрації (1963) Case 26/62
(1986) Case 294/83, [1986] ECR 1339. The Greens challenged funding, contending its distribution was unfair against smaller parties, and it was held all funding was ultra vires. See Joliet and Keeling, 'The Reimbursement of Election Expenses: A Forgotten Dispute' (1994) 19 ELR 243
EUR-Lex - 61964CJ0006 - EN - EUR-Lex. eur-lex.europa.eu. Процитовано 8 листопада 2016.
Kadi v Commission (2008) C-402 and 415/05
Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v Council and Commission (2008) C-402 and 415/05, [2008] ECR I-6351
? - EUR-Lex. eur-lex.europa.eu.
Mahony, Honor (23 жовтня 2007). EU court delivers blow on environment sanctions. EU Observer. Процитовано 23 жовтня 2007.; Case C-440/05 Commission v Council
Marshall v Southampton Health Authority (1986) Case 152/84
(1963) Case 26/62
AG van Gerven, in Marshall (No 2) (1993) C-271/91, [1993] ECR I-4367 (Opinion), AG Jacobs, in Vaneetveld, C-316/93, [1994] ECR I-763, AG Lenz, in Faccini Dori (1994) C-91/92, [1994] ECR I-3325
Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC art 7. A contract of employment can also require more. cf JM Keynes, The Economic Possibilities of our Grandchildren (1930 [Архівовано 2016-04-02 у Wayback Machine.]) arguing that as society became wealthier, increasing production would allow everyone to work less. See also the European Social Charter 1961 article 3. Oddly, the UK chose to express 28 days as 5.6 weeks in its own regulations (assuming a week is 5 working days).
First held in Marshall v Southampton and South West Hampshire Area Health Authority (1986) Case 152/84, [1986] ECR 723, following the Opinion of AG Slynn, the Court of Justice held that Ms Marshall, who was made to retire at 60 as a woman, unlike the men at 65, was unlawful sex discrimination, but only on the basis that the employer (the NHS) was the state. Obiter, at [48] the Court of Justice suggested she would not have succeeded if it were a 'private' party.
(1990) C-106/89. See also Von Colson v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen (1984) Case 14/83, [1984] ECR 1891, which held that because the member state had a choice of remedy, the Equal Treatment Directive did not allow Ms Van Colson to have a job as a prison worker.
(1966) Case 61/65
(1991) C-6/90 and C-9/90, [1991] ECR I-5357
(1967) Case 8/66
(1967) Case 8/66, [91]
(1985) Case 11/82, [9]
(2002) C-50/00 P, [38]-[45]
Treaty on European Union article 3(3), introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon. But see previously, Deutsche Post v Sievers (2000) C-270/97, 'the economic aim pursued by Article [157 TFEU] …, namely the elimination of distortions of competition between undertakings established in different Member States, is secondary to the social aim pursued by the same provision, which constitutes the expression of a fundamental human right'. Defrenne v Sabena (1976) Case 43/75, [10] 'this provision forms part of the social objectives of the community, which is not merely an economic union, but is at the same time intended, by common action, to ensure social progress and seek the constant improvement of the living and working conditions of their peoples'.
Defrenne v Sabena (No 2) (1976) Case 43/75, [10]
c.f. Hünermund v Landesapothekerkammer Baden-Württemberg (1993) C-292/92, AG Opinion, [1] asking whether TFEU art 30 is «intended to liberalize intra-Community trade or is it intended more generally to encourage the unhindered pursuit of commerce in individual Member States?»
(1974) Case 8/74, [1974] ECR 837
Commission v Ireland (1982) Case 249/81
Commission v France (1997) C-265/95. See further K Muylle, 'Angry famers and passive policemen' (1998) 23 European Law Review 467
(1979) Case 170/78
(1979) Case 170/78, [13]-[14]
(1983) Case 261/81
(1983) Case 261/81, [17]
Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005/29/EC
Defrenne v Sabena (1976) Case 43/75, [10]
Lawrie-Blum v Land Baden-Württemberg (1986) Case 66/85, [1986] ECR 2121
(1988) Case 196/87, [1988] ECR 6159
Angonese v Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano SpA (2000) C-281/98, [2000] ECR I-4139
Free Movement of Workers Regulation 492/2011 arts 1–4
(1995) C-415/93
(2000) C-281/98, [2000] ECR I-4139, [36]-[44]
(2007) C-287/05, [55]
Grzelczyk v Centre Public d'Aide Sociale d'Ottignes-Louvain-la-Neuve (2001) C-184/99, [2001] ECR I-6193
(1998) C-85/96, [1998] ECR I-2691
(2001) C-184/99, [2001] ECR I-6193
(1995) C-55/94, [1995] ECR I-4165
Kamer van Koophandel en Fabrieken voor Amsterdam v Inspire Art Ltd (2003) C-167/01
cf Employee Involvement Directive 2001/86/EC
(1988) Case 81/87, [1988] ECR 5483
(1999) C-212/97, [1999] ECR I-1459. See also Überseering BV v Nordic Construction GmbH (2002) C-208/00, on Dutch minimum capital laws.
(2002) C-208/00, [92]-[93]
(2008) C-210/06
Capital Movement Directive 1988 (88/361/EEC) Annex I, including (i) investment in companies, (ii) real estate, (iii) securities, (iv) collective investment funds, (v) money market securities, (vi) bonds, (vii) service credit, (viii) loans, (ix) sureties and guarantees (x) insurance rights, (xi) inheritance and personal loans, (xii) physical financial assets (xiii) other capital movements.
See Commission v United Kingdom (2001) C-98/01 and Commission v Netherlands (2006) C‑282/04, AG Maduro's Opinion on golden shares in KPN NV and TPG NV.
(1976) Case 43/75, [10]
Product Liability Directive 1985 85/374/EEC, recital 1 and 6
UTCCD 1993 93/13/EC and see H Collins, 'Good Faith in European Contract Law' (1994) 14 OJLS 229
RWE AG v Verbraucherzentrale NRW eV (2013) C-92/11
(2013) C-488/11
(2013) Case C-415/11
(2014) Case C-34/13
e.g. Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive 2003 arts 11–12, 17–18
WTD 2003 art 7. In the UK, the implementing Working Time Regulations 1998 state «5.6 weeks» is needed, although this is also 28 days, as a «week» was originally taken to refer to a 5-day working week.
WTD 2003 arts 2–5 and 8–13
WTD 2003 arts 6 and 17 and Pfeiffer v Deutsches Kreuz, Kreisverband Waldshut eV (2005) C-397/01
Safety and Health at Work Directive 1989 art 11
(2010) C-555/07
(1991) C-6/90
Statute for a European Company Regulation 2001 No 2157/2001
Statute for a European Company Regulation 2001 art 3
Employee Involvement Directive 2001 Annex
See the Thirteenth Company Law Directive 2004 2004/25/EC
Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive 2003 2003/41/EC
UCITS Directive 2009 art 19(3)(o)
UCITS V Directive 2014/91/EU
2004/39/EC, art 18 on conflicts of interest
2011/61/EU art 3(2)
2011/61/EU respectively arts 22–23, 13 and Annex II, 14 and 30
EUR-Lex - 32009L0138 - EN - EUR-Lex. eur-lex.europa.eu.
(2004) Case T-201/04, [1052]
Konkurrensverket v TeliaSonera Sverige (2011) C-52/09, [22]; GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission (2009) C-513/06, [63]; British Airways plc v Commission (2007) C-95/04, [106]. Europemballage Corporation and Continental Can Company Inc v Commission (1973) Case 6–72, [26]. Also TEU art 3(3) states the EU's goals as «aiming at full employment and social progress, and a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment».
Höfner and Elser v Macrotron GmbH (1991) C-41/90
Opinion of AG Jacobs in Albany International BV v Stichting Bedrijfspensioenfonds Textielindustrie''''' (1999) C-67/96
Cтаття 49 ДФЄС розрізняє право заснування «самозайнятих осіб» від права «створювати підприємства та керувати ними». Transfers of Understakings Directive 2001/23/EC art 1(b) defines an «economic entity» as an «organised grouping of resources». Contrast FNV Kunsten Informatie en Media v Staat der Nederlanden (2014) C-413/13 and clarification that solo-self-employed persons will not be subject to competition law in Communication from the commission Guidelines on the application of Union competition law to collective agreements regarding the working conditions of solo self-employed persons 2022/C 374/02
(2004) Case T-201/04
(2004) Case T-201/04
(2017) C-413/14, (2022) T-286/09 RENV
Merger Regulation 2004 139/2004/EC arts 1 and 2(3)
Brussels I Regulation 2012 1215/2012
Copyright Term Directive 2006 2006/116/EC art 1
Copyright and Information Society Directive (2001/29)
Patients' Rights Directive 2011/24/EU arts 4-8
See EHIC Decision 2003/751/EC, No 189
See the Multilateral Financial Framework Regulation 2020/2093 Annex I
Pringle v Government of Ireland (2012) C‑370/12 held the mechanism lawful despite a challenge that it exceeded the EU's competence for economic policy.
RePowerEU Communication COM(2022) 108 final
Compare the Environmental Liability Directive 2004 (2004/35/EC) which requires polluters pay for damage and take remedial action for species and habitats as defined in the Birds Directive 2009/147/EC arts 2 and 4, duty to protect birds, and Habitats Directive 92/43/EC
Electricity Directive 2019/944 2019/944 art 8 and the Gas Directive 2009/73/EC art 4.
Electricity Directive 2019/944 arts 3 and 6.
Директиви про недобросовісну торговельну практику в сільськогосподарській продукції 2019 року^[en], стаття 3
Директива про землекористування та лісове господарство^[en] 2018/841, ст. 1-4
Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001 arts 25 and 27. RED 2009, article 3(4) required at least 10 % of transport was fueled from renewable energy by 2020.
Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2002 art 3(1). The previous target was 15 % by 2020.
Emission Performance Regulation 2019/631 arts 1(2) and 2, previously 120 grams of CO₂ per km.
EPR 2019 art 6
EPR 2019 arts 7-10. Also art 11 derogations.
Vehicle Emissions Regulation (EC) 715/2007 Annex, sets out the Euro 6 limits. See summary in 'EU: Light-Duty: Emissions' and 'EU: Heavy-Duty: Emissions' (2021) transportpolicy.net
Trans-European transport network Regulation, COM(2021) 812 final and European Court of Auditors Report (2018)
Single European Railway Directive 2012/34/EU arts 4 and 7. This followed the First Railway Directive 91/440/EC.
Single European Railway Directive 2012/34/EU art 5-6
Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/31/EC arts 2, 4-8
Директива про поштові послуги^[en] 1997/67/EC
See previously the Telecoms Package, Universal Service Directive 2002/22/EC, Electronic Communications Directive 2009/140/EC and Universal Service Directive 2009/136/EC
Electronic Communications Code Directive 2018 art 5
2002/58/EC recital 25 and arts 5-15
DSAR 2022 arts 3-7 (exemptions for being a conduit, caching or hosting), 8-9 (illegal content and orders), 12-13 (terms and transparency)

curia.europa.eu

Statute of the Court art 48 [Архівовано 21 липня 2010 у Wayback Machine.]
Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice arts 28 and 60 and Statute of the Court art 16(3) [Архівовано 21 липня 2010 у Wayback Machine.]
TEU art 6(2) and Opinion 2/13 (2014)
(2011) C-196/09
See Court of Justice of the European Union, Annual Report 2015: Judicial Activity (2016 [Архівовано 2016-07-28 у Wayback Machine.])
(1982) Case 283/81, [1982] ECR 3415, [16]
(2002) C-99/00
(2011) C-463/10P, [38] and [55]
(1963) Case 25/62
(1963) Case 25/62
(2002) C-50/00 P, AG Opinion, [60] and [103]
(2013) C-583/11
(2012) C-544/10
(2012) C-544/10
c.f. Hünermund v Landesapothekerkammer Baden-Württemberg (1993) C-292/92, AG Opinion, [1] asking whether TFEU art 30 is «intended to liberalize intra-Community trade or is it intended more generally to encourage the unhindered pursuit of commerce in individual Member States?»
(2003) C-112/00, [2003] ECR I-5659, [77]. See ECHR articles 10 and 11.
PreussenElektra AG v Schleswag AG (2001) C-379/98, [2001] ECR I-2099, [75]-[76]
(2003) C-112/00, [2003] ECR I-5659
(2003) C-112/00, [79]-[81]
c.f. Leppik (2006) C-434/04, [2006] ECR I‑9171, Opinion of AG Maduro, [23]-[25]
(2003) C-14/00, [88]-[89]
(2009) C-110/05, [2009] ECR I-519, [56]. See also Mickelsson and Roos (2009) C-142/05, on prohibiting jet skis, but justified if proportionate towards the aim of safeguarding health and the environment.
Dano v Jobcenter Leipzig (2014) C‑333/13
(2004) C-387/01, [54]-[55]
(2007) C-213/05
Hartmann v Freistaat Bayern (2007) C-212/05. Discussed in Barnard, 2013
CRD 2004 art 2(2) defines 'family member' as a spouse, long term partner, descendant under 21 or depednant elderly relative that is accompanying the citizen. See also Metock v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform (2008) C-127/08, holding that four asylum seekers from outside the EU, although they did not lawfully enter Ireland (because their asylum claims were ultimately rejected) were entitled to remain because they had lawfully married EU citizens. See also, R (Secretary of State for the Home Department) v Immigration Appeal Tribunal and Surinder Singh [1992] 3 CMLR 358
(2005) C-209/03, [2005] ECR I-2119
(2014) C‑333/13
(2011) C-565/08, [52]
(2001) C-157/99, [48]-[55]
(2001) C-157/99, [94] and [104]-[106]
(2000) C-251/98, [22]
e.g. Commission v Belgium (2000) C-478/98, holding that a law forbidding Belgian residents getting securities of loans on the Eurobond was unjustified discrimination. It was disproportionate in preserving, as Belgium argued, fiscal coherence or supervision.
See Commission v United Kingdom (2001) C-98/01 and Commission v Netherlands (2006) C‑282/04, AG Maduro's Opinion on golden shares in KPN NV and TPG NV.
(2007) C-112/05
(2010) C-171/08
See British Airways plc v Commission (2007) C- 95/04, [106], stating TFEU article 102 «is aimed not only at practices which may cause prejudice to consumers directly, but also at those which are detrimental to them through their impact on an effective competition structure».
See Banco Español de Crédito SA v Camino (2012) Case C-618/10, [39] and Océano Grupo Editorial and Salvat Editores (2000) C-240/98 to C-244/98 and [2000] ECR I-4941, [25]
See Banco Español de Crédito SA v Camino (2012) Case C-618/10, [39] and Océano Grupo Editorial and Salvat Editores (2000) C-240/98 to C-244/98 and [2000] ECR I-4941, [25]
Banco Español de Crédito SA v Camino (2012) Case C-618/10
See Federación Española de Empresas de Tecnología Sanitaria (FENIN) v Commission (2003) T-319/99
Cтаття 49 ДФЄС розрізняє право заснування «самозайнятих осіб» від права «створювати підприємства та керувати ними». Transfers of Understakings Directive 2001/23/EC art 1(b) defines an «economic entity» as an «organised grouping of resources». Contrast FNV Kunsten Informatie en Media v Staat der Nederlanden (2014) C-413/13 and clarification that solo-self-employed persons will not be subject to competition law in Communication from the commission Guidelines on the application of Union competition law to collective agreements regarding the working conditions of solo self-employed persons 2022/C 374/02
France Telecom SA v Commission (2009) C-202/07
CURIA - Documents. curia.europa.eu.
CURIA - Documents. curia.europa.eu.
(2015) C-62/14, [103]-[105]
Netherlands v Essent (2013) C-105/12, [4]

ec.europa.eu

Population on 1 January. ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Процитовано 12 липня 2023.
See Eurostat, Table 1.
White Paper, Completing the Internal Market (1985) COM(85)310
«Фермери та сільськогосподарська робоча сила — статистика» (Листопад 2022)
(20 March 2019) Case 40411
(20 December 2022) Case 40462

europa.eu

Living in the EU. European Union. 5 липня 2016.
R Schuman, Speech to the French National Assembly (9 May 1950)
(18 July 2018) Case 40099

europarl.europa.eu

Gargani, Giuseppe (2007). Intellectual property rights: criminal sanctions to fight piracy and counterfeiting. European Parliament. Процитовано 30 червня 2007.
'Parliament backs boost for renewables use and energy savings' (14 September 2022) europarl.europa.eu
'EU ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2035 explained' (3 November 2022) europarl.europa.eu

data.europa.eu

eeas.europa.eu

Перший посібник з перекладу acquis ЄС українською мовою розроблено за підтримки Association4U, проєкту що фінансується ЄС, науковцями та перекладачами з України та ЄС | EEAS. www.eeas.europa.eu (укр.). Процитовано 11 жовтня 2024.

consilium.europa.eu

Fight against organised crime: Council sets out 10 priorities for the next 4 years — Consilium (europa.eu)

publications.europa.eu

AG van Gerven, in Marshall (No 2) (1993) C-271/91, [1993] ECR I-4367 (Opinion), AG Jacobs, in Vaneetveld, C-316/93, [1994] ECR I-763, AG Lenz, in Faccini Dori (1994) C-91/92, [1994] ECR I-3325

eesc.europa.eu

See the Charter's text

op.europa.eu

Trans-European transport network Regulation, COM(2021) 812 final and European Court of Auditors Report (2018)

ft.com

T Wilson, 'Shell investors back moving HQ from Netherlands to UK' (10 December 2021) Financial Times

gesetze-im-internet.de

Compare, for example, the German Constitutional Court Act (Bundesverfassungsgerichtsgesetz) § 90, which requires the probability that a claimant's human rights are infringed, or the Administrative Court Order (Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung) § 42, which requires a probable infringement of a subjective right.

heinonline.org

See, for example, S Deakin and F Wilkinson, 'Rights vs Efficiency? The Economic Case for Transnational Labour Standards' (1994) 23(4) Industrial Law Journal 289

ilo.org

See the Clayton Act 1914 s 6, ILO Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention 1948 (No 87) which protects anyone, including self-employed, who works for a living. ECHR article 11, freedom of association subject only to proportionate restrictions in a democracy.

kmu.gov.ua

eu-ua.kmu.gov.ua

Рекомендації для українських органів державного управління щодо наближення українського законодавства до права ЄС, 46 сторінка
Презентовано словник термінів перемовин про вступ до ЄС - Новини - European integration portal. eu-ua.kmu.gov.ua (укр.). Процитовано 11 жовтня 2024.
Посібник з перекладу законодавства ЄС - Європейська інтеграція - European integration portal. eu-ua.kmu.gov.ua (укр.). Процитовано 11 жовтня 2024.
Перший посібник з перекладу acquis ЄС українською мовою тепер доступний онлайн - Новини - European integration portal. eu-ua.kmu.gov.ua (укр.). Процитовано 11 жовтня 2024.

kmu.gov.ua

Кабінет Міністрів України - Глосарій термінів acquis ЄС. www.kmu.gov.ua (ua) . Процитовано 11 жовтня 2024.
Переклади актів acquis ЄС. https://www.kmu.gov.ua/. Урядовий портал. Процитовано 11 жовтня 2024.

legifrance.gouv.fr

French Higher Education Law (2019) art 90

legislation.gov.uk

See the European Union Referendum Act 2015 (c 36) on the campaign rules for the poll.

lemondedecathy.fr

Kaplan, Jed O. та ін. (2009). The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe (PDF). Quaternary Science Reviews. 28: 3016. doi:10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2009.09.028.

libertyfund.org

oll.libertyfund.org

W Penn, An ESSAY towards the Present and Future Peace of Europe by the Establishment of an European Dyet, Parliament, or Estates (1693) in AR Murphy, The Political Writings of William Penn (2002) See D Urwin, The Community of Europe: A History of European Integration (1995)
JJ Rousseau, A lasting peace through the federation of Europe; and, The state of war (1756)

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Le Page, Michael (21 вересня 2016). The Great Carbon Scam. New Scientist. 231: 20—21. doi:10.1016/S0262-4079(16)31736-5. Norton, Michael та ін. (2019). Serious mismatches continue between science and policy in forest bioenergy. GCB Bioenergy. 11 (11): 1256. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12643 {{cite journal}}: |hdl-access= вимагає |hdl= (довідка). Searchinger, Timothy та ін. (28 листопада 2022). EU climate plan sacrifices carbon storage and biodiversity for bioenergy. Nature. 612: 27. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-04133-1. PMID 36443604. the EU's 'own modeling predicts that yearly use of bioenergy will more than double between 2015 and 2050, from 152 million to 336 million tonnes of oil equivalent. That requires a quantity of biomass each year that is twice Europe's present annual wood harvest.'

openjur.de

Outright Monetary Transactions case (14 January 2014) BVerfGE 134, 366, 2 BvR 2728/13

ourworldindata.org

e.g. M Roser, 'Why did renewables become so cheap so fast?' (1 December 2020) Our World in Data

ox.ac.uk

law.ox.ac.uk

J Armour, 'Volkswagen's Emissions Scandal: Lessons for Corporate Governance?' (2016) OxBLB pt 1, 2.
J Armour, 'Volkswagen's Emissions Scandal: Lessons for Corporate Governance?' (2016) OxBLB pt 1, 2, in 2014, the year that VW fraud was first alleged, Winterkorn was paid €18 million, of which €16 million was 'performance based' variable pay.

routledge.com

cw.routledge.com

See T Marshall, Citizenship and Social Class (1950) 28-9, positing that 'citizenship' passed from civil rights, political rights, to social rights, and JHH Weiler, 'The European Union belongs to its citizens: Three immodest proposals' (1997) 22 European Law Review 150

sochealth.co.uk

See W Beveridge, Social insurance and allied services (1942) Cmd 6404, Part VI, § 427, 'Restoration of a sick person to health is a duty of the State and the sick person, prior to any other consideration.' Department of Health, NHS Constitution for England (27 July 2015) art 1(2) access 'to NHS services is based on clinical need, not an individual's ability to pay'. The UK's NHS, since 2010, has suffered from substantial underfunding, and increasing privatisation after the Health and Social Care Act 2012 ss 164-5, amending NHS Act 2006 s 43A.

speedtest.net

See Speedtest.net for average broadband and mobile internet speeds by country.

ssrn.com

See LD Brandeis, Other People's Money And How the Bankers Use It (1914) and E McGaughey, 'Does Corporate Governance Exclude the Ultimate Investor?' (2016) 16(1) Journal of Corporate Law Studies 221
See LD Brandeis, Other People's Money And How the Bankers Use It (1914) and E McGaughey, 'Does Corporate Governance Exclude the Ultimate Investor?' (2016) 16(1) Journal of Corporate Law Studies 221

papers.ssrn.com

TFEU art 282 and TEU art 3(3). M Roth, 'Employment as a Goal of Monetary Policy of the European Central Bank' (2015) ssrn.com argues that the price stability objective cannot be interpreted in a way that conflicts with general EU goals.
UDHR 1948 arts 3 and 27(1). ICESCR 1966 art 15. On origins, see L Shaver, 'The right to science and culture' [2010] Wisconsin Law Review 121.

statista.com

See 'Weekly European Union Emission Trading System (EU-ETS) carbon pricing in 2022' (13 December 2022) Statistia

techcrunch.com

J Constine, 'Facebook Asks Users If It Can Abolish Their Right To Vote On Future Site Governance Changes' (21 November 2012) TechCrunch

thedrum.com

A Nix, 'The Power of Big Data and Psychographics' (27 September 2016) 2016 Concordia Annual Summit, Alexander Nix of Cambridge Analytica explaining they had «four or five thousand data points on every adult in the United States», that they worked for the Cruz campaign and were working for Trump. C Wylie, Mindf*ck (2020) on Cambridge Analytica working to procure Brexit. R Darbyshire, '«We Dumped Our Entire Budget in the Last 10 days»: Inside the Behavioural Science Strategy of Vote Leave' (13 June 2017) The Drum, Dominic Cummings organiser of Vote Leave saying they targeted 'roughly 7 million people, who saw something like one and a half billion ads'. R Mueller, Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election (March 2019) 1, on Russian cyber-war against the US in the 2016 election. House of Commons, Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee, Disinformation and 'fake news': Interim Report (29 July 2018) HC 363, 43-4, § 162, Russia engaged in «unconventional warfare» against the UK to back Brexit.

theguardian.com

e.g. J Stiglitz, 'Too important for bankers' (11 June 2003) The Guardian and J Stiglitz, The Price of Inequality (2011) ch 9 and 349

thenextweb.com

cf T Macaulay, 'How to stop annoying cookie pop-ups from ruining your browsing: It doesn't have to be this way' (26 May 2022) TNW

transportpolicy.net

Vehicle Emissions Regulation (EC) 715/2007 Annex, sets out the Euro 6 limits. See summary in 'EU: Light-Duty: Emissions' and 'EU: Heavy-Duty: Emissions' (2021) transportpolicy.net

uchicago.edu

chicagounbound.uchicago.edu

For example, in this vast philosophical debate, see on the one hand O Gierke, The Social Role of Private Law (1889), F Kessler, 'Natural Law, Justice and Democracy—Some Reflections on Three Types of Thinking About Law and Justice' (1944) 19 Tulane Law Review 32, 52, R Dworkin, Law's Empire (1985). For well known minority positions advocating 'legal positivism' (the view that the concept of law and morality should be intellectually segregated) see HLA Hart, The Concept of Law (1961). For the work that is widely seen as having resolved the positivism debate in philosophy, see L Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations (1953)

unizar.es

See Comite Intergouvernemental créé par la conference de Messine. Rapport des chefs de delegation aux ministres des affaires etrangeres (21 April 1956 [Архівовано 27 лютого 2008 у Wayback Machine.]) text in French.

visitukraine.today

Types of compensation for flight delays/cancellations and the procedure for obtaining them: what should tourists know about?. visitukraine.today (англ.). Процитовано 8 жовтня 2024.

web.archive.org

See Comite Intergouvernemental créé par la conference de Messine. Rapport des chefs de delegation aux ministres des affaires etrangeres (21 April 1956 [Архівовано 27 лютого 2008 у Wayback Machine.]) text in French.
e.g. M Banks, 'Sarkozy slated over Strasbourg seat' (24 May 2007) EU Politix [Архівовано 27 вересня 2007 у Wayback Machine.]
Statute of the Court art 48 [Архівовано 21 липня 2010 у Wayback Machine.]
Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice arts 28 and 60 and Statute of the Court art 16(3) [Архівовано 21 липня 2010 у Wayback Machine.]
Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC art 7. A contract of employment can also require more. cf JM Keynes, The Economic Possibilities of our Grandchildren (1930 [Архівовано 2016-04-02 у Wayback Machine.]) arguing that as society became wealthier, increasing production would allow everyone to work less. See also the European Social Charter 1961 article 3. Oddly, the UK chose to express 28 days as 5.6 weeks in its own regulations (assuming a week is 5 working days).
See Court of Justice of the European Union, Annual Report 2015: Judicial Activity (2016 [Архівовано 2016-07-28 у Wayback Machine.])

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

Регламент про прямі виплати^[en] № 1307/2013, статті 9 і 33
Регламенту про сільськогосподарську продукцію 2013 року^[en], стаття 8
Директиви про недобросовісну торговельну практику в сільськогосподарській продукції 2019 року^[en], стаття 3
Директива про землекористування та лісове господарство^[en] 2018/841, ст. 1-4
Регламент про деревину 2010 року^[en], ст. 3-6
Директива про якість питної води^[en] 2020/2184, статті 4-5 та Додаток
Директива про води для купання 2006 року^[en], ст. 3-5
Директива про поштові послуги^[en] 1997/67/EC
У справі «R (Vodafone Ltd) проти Державного секретаря з питань бізнесу, підприємництва та регуляторної реформи C-58/08^[en]» Суд ЄС відхилив аргумент Vodafone про те, що Регламент був непропорційним законодавчим повноваженням ЄС, а контроль над цінами був необхідним для функціонування конкурентних ринків, і «лише регулювання роздрібних цін може безпосередньо покращити становище споживачів».
Регламент про мережевий нейтралітет^[en] 2015/2120 стаття 3(3)
Директива про електронну комерцію 2000 року^[en], стаття 14
Директива про електронну комерцію 2000 року^[en], стаття 15
Директива про електронну комерцію 2000 року^[en] recital 11

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Treaty on European Union art 2
See the UN Charter 1945 Preamble
Договір про Європейський Союз Art 17
Договір про функціонування Європейського союзу art 294
TEU art 2
TEU art 50. On the most sophisticated discussion of constitutional law and human rights principles for secession, see Reference Re Secession of Quebec [1998] 2 SCR 217, particularly [67] «The consent of the governed is a value that is basic to our understanding of a free and democratic society. Yet democracy in any real sense of the word cannot exist without the rule of law». And [149] «Democracy, however, means more than simple majority rule».
TEU art 7
c.f. TEU art 9
TEU art 19(2) та ДФЄС arts 253–254
TFEU arts 258–259
Дивитись: Magna Carta, ЄСПЛ art 6 та ХЄС art 47
TEU art 6(2) and Opinion 2/13 (2014)
CFREU 2000 art 47, right to an effective remedy.
TFEU art 345
Див. також ДЄС ст. 3(3) і Директиви та Регламенти, видані відповідно до ДФЄС статей 101—109 та 145—172.
See TFEU Part III, arts 26-197. further, AO Hirschmann, Exit, Voice, and Loyalty (1970)
TFEU art 345
TFEU art 169
ДФЄС ст. 169(3) і ХОПЄС art 38
TFEU art 147
TFEU art 153(1)
European Social Charter 1961 arts 7, 10 and 17. ICESCR 1966 art 13(2)(c). cf in the UK, the Higher Education Act 2004 ss 23-24 and 31-39 (tuition fees and plans) and Higher Education (Higher Amount) Regulations 2010 regs 4-5A.
ICESCR 1966 art 13(2)(c), «Higher education shall be made equally accessible to all, on the basis of capacity, by every appropriate means, and in particular by the progressive introduction of free education». UDHR 1948 art 26 «free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages» and «higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.»
European Social Charter 1961 arts 7, 10 and 17. cf ECHR 1950 Protocol 1, article 2 and the Belgian Linguistic case (No 2) (1968) 1 EHRR 252. CFREU 2000 art 14.
UDHR 1948 art 23. ICESCR 1966 art 7. E McGaughey, Principles of Enterprise Law: the Economic Constitution and Human Rights (Cambridge UP 2022) ch 10
Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union arts 3-4
CFREU 2000 art 37
TFEU art 3(3) „improvement of the environment“
ICCPR 1966 art 1(2) and ICESCR 1966 art 1(2). See also TFEU art 194, requiring a functioning energy market, security of supply, energy efficiency and 'new and renewable forms of energy', and network interconnection. Such measures shall not affect a Member State's right to determine the conditions for exploiting its energy resources, its choice between different energy sources and the general structure of its energy supply, without prejudice to Article 192(2)(c)» which in turn requires unanimity for «measures significantly affecting a Member State's choice between different energy sources and the general structure of its energy supply.» This does not prevent measures to make energy sources internalise pollution costs in full.
UDHR 1948 art 27, and ICESCR 1966 art 15(1)(b)
CFREU 2000 art 8

wired.com

e.g. K Finley, 'The First US City With 10 GB Internet Is … Salisbury' (4 September 2015) Wired, reporting speeds in Salisbury, North Carolina, of 10 Gigabits, or 10,000Mbps.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Lashyn, Serhii (1 жовтня 2021). The Aporia of EU Citizenship. Liverpool Law Review (англ.). 42 (3): 361—377. doi:10.1007/s10991-021-09279-y. ISSN 1572-8625.

youtube.com

A Nix, 'The Power of Big Data and Psychographics' (27 September 2016) 2016 Concordia Annual Summit, Alexander Nix of Cambridge Analytica explaining they had «four or five thousand data points on every adult in the United States», that they worked for the Cruz campaign and were working for Trump. C Wylie, Mindf*ck (2020) on Cambridge Analytica working to procure Brexit. R Darbyshire, '«We Dumped Our Entire Budget in the Last 10 days»: Inside the Behavioural Science Strategy of Vote Leave' (13 June 2017) The Drum, Dominic Cummings organiser of Vote Leave saying they targeted 'roughly 7 million people, who saw something like one and a half billion ads'. R Mueller, Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election (March 2019) 1, on Russian cyber-war against the US in the 2016 election. House of Commons, Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee, Disinformation and 'fake news': Interim Report (29 July 2018) HC 363, 43-4, § 162, Russia engaged in «unconventional warfare» against the UK to back Brexit.