Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Fox News" in English language version.
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Gretchen Carlson is most famous for her role in exposing former Fox chief executive Roger Ailes as a sexual predator, her story brought to life by Nicole Kidman on the big screen in Bombshell. Now she, along with several other former Fox News insiders, is speaking out about the transformation of the cable news network into a propaganda vehicle for Donald Trump.
Fox News in the United States is a form of advocacy journalism...
...Fox News on politics and Univision on immigration reform— are engaged in advocacy journalism...
Fox News is an advocacy political news organization ...
Although some have suggested that MSNBC de facto functions as a kind of left-wing advocacy news network counterpart to Fox News, in the case of ...
... much of our media institutions today have begun to more closely resemble the advocacy journalism of Fox News and MSNBC.
The way the conservative media, especially Fox News, reported on the initial Tea Party demonstrations illuminates the momentum the media can give to a start-up movement. Fox became an amplifier of Tea Party activism and rhetoric, giving national momentum to its predominantly local demonstrations.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)But this advocacy model is dangerous when treated as independent journalism's replacement rather than its supplement. The revelations from the Dominion lawsuit against Fox News underscore the dangers of the advocacy model when fully unchecked.
The channel, however, veered from its roots in conservative news as former President Donald Trump ascended to power in the Republican Party in 2015, becoming an unabashed home of right-wing propaganda aimed at propping up the scandal-ridden White House.
Murdoch's right-wing media machine played a key role in Trump's path to the presidency. Murdoch initially savored the stunning degree of influence he had with the Trump White House. But he personally soured on Trump by 2020, even as the most popular hosts on Fox continued to promote the Trump agenda. [...] But as the Republican base re-embraced Trump, so too did Murdoch
The right-wing channel, which is in the spotlight as it prepares to host the first GOP primary debate of the 2024 election on Wednesday, was exposed in grand fashion as a dishonest propaganda organ of the Republican Party just months ago when it paid a historic $787 million defamation settlement to Dominion Voting Systems over the lies it spread during the last presidential election.
The network claims a uniquely powerful role in the pro-Trump echo chamber, setting the agenda for both the president and his millions of supporters. In this vein, Trump is rarely cast in an unfavorable light and the so called 'mainstream media' draws little praise. Bad news, like the one surrounding Kushner, routinely gets glossed over.
And they're a reminder that if Trump were to return to power, he has a powerful propaganda apparatus at his disposal that will do everything in its power to sanitize his actions — whatever they may be.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)In chapter 2 we showed that the American media ecosystem consists of two distinct, structurally different media ecosystems. One part is the right-wing, dominated by partisan media outlets that are densely interconnected and insular and anchored by Fox News and Breitbart. [...] The Clinton pedophilia story was not primarily a bottom-up, Reddit-imposed, post-truth moment that was then reinforced by higher level media. It was first and foremost the product of a propagandist dynamic between Fox News, as party propaganda organ, and Donald Trump, who, after winning the Indiana primary on May 4, 2016, became the presumptive party nominee. [...] By that point Fox News had become the lead player in what had become the president's personal propaganda network in his battles [...] These data warrant the conclusion that Fox shares little but a few visual trappings with the world of professional journalism at the core of the rest of the U.S. media system. It is, across its online and television properties, America's leading propaganda outlet. [...] Comparing Fox News to CNN, MSNBC, and ABC is revealing. As Figure 3.3 shows, the proportion of Fox News statements that are mostly false or worse is almost 50 percent higher than for MSNBC, and more than twice that of CNN.
The study finds that in both periods, Fox News' prime-time programs employed multiple themes based on nonfactual premises to oppose health-care reform, which were more in line with propaganda than journalism or persuasion.
{{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)Despite both agencies being founded in 1996, FNC adopted the advocacy-frame style of journalism long before MSNBC.
Different from traditional propaganda as top-down communication that typically flows from government to media and other societal echo chambers, interactive propaganda may be a political communication pattern that marks a shift toward an illiberal regime where the state forms partnerships with the media to consolidate its rule.
{{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)It makes sense to consider whether conservative media (namely, Fox News) function in this institutional capacity.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)The case serves nonetheless as a warning of the perils, even in an established democracy, of partisan journalism tipping over into propaganda. Fox pandered to its conservative viewership, but the alternative reality it created fed their tribalism and paranoia. When the Trump narrative parted ways with reality, viewers preferred hearing the lie. Fox continued to give them what they wanted.
Two-thirds of core Fox News viewers identify themselves as Republican, and 94% either identify as or lean Republican.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)TV networks like MSNBC and FOX News and talk radio talk show hosts like Rush Limbaugh and Glenn Beck have a clearly biased agenda. Yet, many people rely on advocacy journalism as their main source of news.
We've watched propaganda news for decades. I'll call out Fox News and the New York Post. They're known to be the neocon network news," Greene told former Florida GOP lawmaker Matt Gaetz on his show on One America News Network. "We have propaganda news on our side, just like the left does, and the American people have been brainwashed into believing that America has to engage in these foreign wars in order for us to survive, and it's absolutely not true," Greene continued.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)The six stations cover many of the nation's major markets – New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Dallas, Houston and Washington.
Conservative media outlets, however, focus more intently on confirming their audience's biases, and are much more susceptible to disinformation, propaganda, and outright falsehoods (as judged by neutral fact-checking organizations such as PolitiFact). Case studies conducted by the authors show that lies and distortions on the right spread easily from extremist Web sites to mass-media outlets such as Fox, and only occasionally get corrected.
The digital revolution prizes specialization, not mass appeal. And so we see the rise of advocacy journalism, such as talk radio, Fox News, MSNBC, Huffington Post and a plethora of web sites.
As it turned out, the hearings would also have repeatedly required Fox to have broadcast flat contradictions of what many leading Fox News personalities have told their audiences in the past year and a half—including Tucker Carlson and Sean Hannity. Instead, their prime-time shows continued without commercial interruption Thursday, offering an alternate reality to a hearing that showed vivid and bloody detail of a national crisis.
Fox News has been a major generator of advocacy journalism, propounded by Trump's seemingly endless supply of invective consistently aimed at the media.
This arrangement grew more untenable as the country became increasingly polarized and Fox News migrated with its audience further to the right.
Jeanine Pirro. Jesse Watters. Maria Bartiromo. They seemed to have different motivations, but the same goal: Help President Trump. Several of Fox News's most prominent on-air news personalities made clear their desire to help Mr. Trump shortly before and after the 2020 presidential election, according to a tranche of court documents released on Tuesday in a $2.7 billion defamation lawsuit against Fox Corporation filed by Smartmatic, a voting technology company.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)The shared language reflects the deepening ties between the government and the right-wing media, especially Fox News, by far the nation's most popular cable news network.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)We do this to illustrate the ways Fox News, Limbaugh, and the print and web editorial pages of the Wall Street Journal play both offense and defense in service of conservative objectives. As these case studies will suggest, the big three reinforce each other's conservative messages in ways that distinguish them from the other major broadcast media, CBS News, NBC News, ABC News, CNN, MSNBC, CNBC and major print outlets such as the Washington Post and New York Times.
... the challenge of spreading and germinating the Tea Party idea was surmounted with impressive ease because a major sector of the U.S. media today is openly partisan—including Fox News Channel, the right-wing 'blogosphere,' and a nationwide network of right-wing talk radio programs. This aptly named conservative media 'echo chamber' reaches into the homes of many Americans ... Towering above all others is the Fox News empire, the loudest voice in conservative media. Despite its claim to be "fair and balanced", multiple studies have documented FNC's conservative stance ... Fox News's conservative slant encourages a particular worldview.
As trade publication Broadcasting & Cable put it, Fox has created 'a clear and strong brand, and an unwavering commitment to stick with it. Viewers, advertisers and cable operators all know what they're getting.' 'Unwavering' is apt; no matter how much it is criticized for the ideological nature of its content, Fox remains unbowed. It continues to deliver a strong conservative perspective throughout its programming ... over the years Fox has actually moved further to the right.
Advocacy journalism outlets including Fox News and MSNBC, ideological talk radio, and conspiracy websites like InfoWars make this difficult.
{{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help){{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help){{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help){{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)It makes sense to consider whether conservative media (namely, Fox News) function in this institutional capacity.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)Economic considerations could push some national news outlets in the direction of advocacy journalism. America's conservative media system – rooted in Fox, right-wing talk shows, and alt-right web outlets – now has an audience that exceeds 50 million Americans, the great majority of whom are Repubicans [sic].
Publications like Fox News and OpIndia have a history of running headlines decrying what they view as Wikipedia's leftist, socialist bias.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)The Dominion filing drives home a few points. One is that there is a Fox News propaganda feedback loop: The network inflames right-wing conspiracism, but it also bows to it out of partisan commitment and commercial incentive.
Carlson has made this argument explicit, saying Fox is engaging in prowar "propaganda" as part of an effort to "scare old people" and benefit the "warmongers" running the network. [...] "They're doing the thing they always do," he said. "Turning up the propaganda hose to full blast and just knock elderly Fox viewers off their feet and make them submit to a new war."
Fox News has always been a partisan news network. But people are increasingly questioning whether it has crossed a line in the Trump era and become an outright propaganda operation. [...] It certainly seems like Fox News has essentially become state TV.
Jeanine Pirro, then a weekend host on Fox News, told the chairman of the Republican National Committee in a September 2020 text message that she was determined to aid President Donald Trump and the Republican Party, despite the network prohibiting on-air personalities from political involvement. "I work so hard for the party across the country," Pirro, now the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, told Ronna McDaniel in the message, according to newly unredacted court documents made public Tuesday in filings by the voting technology company Smartmatic, which in 2021 filed a $2.7 billion defamation lawsuit against Fox over its 2020 election coverage. "I'm the Number 1 watched show on all news cable all weekend. I work so hard for the President and party."
The channel, however, veered from its roots in conservative news as former President Donald Trump ascended to power in the Republican Party in 2015, becoming an unabashed home of right-wing propaganda aimed at propping up the scandal-ridden White House.
We do this to illustrate the ways Fox News, Limbaugh, and the print and web editorial pages of the Wall Street Journal play both offense and defense in service of conservative objectives. As these case studies will suggest, the big three reinforce each other's conservative messages in ways that distinguish them from the other major broadcast media, CBS News, NBC News, ABC News, CNN, MSNBC, CNBC and major print outlets such as the Washington Post and New York Times.
... the challenge of spreading and germinating the Tea Party idea was surmounted with impressive ease because a major sector of the U.S. media today is openly partisan—including Fox News Channel, the right-wing 'blogosphere,' and a nationwide network of right-wing talk radio programs. This aptly named conservative media 'echo chamber' reaches into the homes of many Americans ... Towering above all others is the Fox News empire, the loudest voice in conservative media. Despite its claim to be "fair and balanced", multiple studies have documented FNC's conservative stance ... Fox News's conservative slant encourages a particular worldview.
As trade publication Broadcasting & Cable put it, Fox has created 'a clear and strong brand, and an unwavering commitment to stick with it. Viewers, advertisers and cable operators all know what they're getting.' 'Unwavering' is apt; no matter how much it is criticized for the ideological nature of its content, Fox remains unbowed. It continues to deliver a strong conservative perspective throughout its programming ... over the years Fox has actually moved further to the right.
The network claims a uniquely powerful role in the pro-Trump echo chamber, setting the agenda for both the president and his millions of supporters. In this vein, Trump is rarely cast in an unfavorable light and the so called 'mainstream media' draws little praise. Bad news, like the one surrounding Kushner, routinely gets glossed over.
Gretchen Carlson is most famous for her role in exposing former Fox chief executive Roger Ailes as a sexual predator, her story brought to life by Nicole Kidman on the big screen in Bombshell. Now she, along with several other former Fox News insiders, is speaking out about the transformation of the cable news network into a propaganda vehicle for Donald Trump.
The six stations cover many of the nation's major markets – New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Dallas, Houston and Washington.
The case serves nonetheless as a warning of the perils, even in an established democracy, of partisan journalism tipping over into propaganda. Fox pandered to its conservative viewership, but the alternative reality it created fed their tribalism and paranoia. When the Trump narrative parted ways with reality, viewers preferred hearing the lie. Fox continued to give them what they wanted.
Fox News has always been a partisan news network. But people are increasingly questioning whether it has crossed a line in the Trump era and become an outright propaganda operation. [...] It certainly seems like Fox News has essentially become state TV.
Conservative media outlets, however, focus more intently on confirming their audience's biases, and are much more susceptible to disinformation, propaganda, and outright falsehoods (as judged by neutral fact-checking organizations such as PolitiFact). Case studies conducted by the authors show that lies and distortions on the right spread easily from extremist Web sites to mass-media outlets such as Fox, and only occasionally get corrected.
The Dominion filing drives home a few points. One is that there is a Fox News propaganda feedback loop: The network inflames right-wing conspiracism, but it also bows to it out of partisan commitment and commercial incentive.
Two-thirds of core Fox News viewers identify themselves as Republican, and 94% either identify as or lean Republican.
The way the conservative media, especially Fox News, reported on the initial Tea Party demonstrations illuminates the momentum the media can give to a start-up movement. Fox became an amplifier of Tea Party activism and rhetoric, giving national momentum to its predominantly local demonstrations.
{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)Publications like Fox News and OpIndia have a history of running headlines decrying what they view as Wikipedia's leftist, socialist bias.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)Mainstream media organizations are even more essential today with the recent explosion of advocacy journalism outlets that have a clear bias in their reporting. These media outlets, such as Fox News...
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