Wright, Rita P. (2009), The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society, Cambridge University Press, pp. 1–2, ISBN978-0-521-57219-4, https://books.google.com/books?id=MG2ztAEACAAJ, "The Indus civilisation is one of three in the 'Ancient East' that, along with Mesopotamia and Pharaonic Egypt, was a cradle of early civilisation in the Old World (Childe, 1950). Mesopotamia and Egypt were longer lived, but coexisted with Indus civilisation during its florescence between 2600 and 1900 B.C. Of the three, the Indus was the most expansive, extending from today's northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and India."
S. M. Ikram (1995). Indian Muslims and partition of India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 177. ISBN978-81-7156-374-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=7q9EubOYZmwC&pg=PA1772011年12月23日閲覧. "These sentiments were presented on behalf of our thirty million Muslim brethren who live in Pakistan, by which we mean the five northern units of India, viz. Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Kashmir, Sind and Baluchistan (Pakistan—land of the pure—was later adopted as the name of the new Muslim state, and spelled as Pakistan)."
